Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Associated Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Immune Responses in Males, Pregnancies, and Offspring

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1852 - 1852

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a respiratory disorder associated with cardiovascular diseases, is more prevalent in men. However, OSA occurrence pregnant women rises to level comparable men during late gestation, creating persistent effects on both maternal and offspring health. The exact mechanisms behind OSA-induced diseases remain unclear, but inflammation oxidative stress play key role. Animal models using intermittent hypoxia (IH), hallmark of OSA, reveal several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways at males, such as TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/MAPK, miRNA/NLRP3, COX signaling, along shifts immune cell populations function. Limited evidence suggests similarities pregnancies offspring. In addition, suppressing these inflammatory molecules ameliorates IH-induced tissue injury, providing new potential targets treat OSA-associated diseases. This review will focus the linking IH dysfunction pregnancies, their goal inspire further investigations into understudied females offspring, which ultimately uncover underlying therapeutic interventions for

Language: Английский

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Gestational intermittent hypoxia reduces mandibular growth with decreased Sox9 expression and increased Hif1a expression in male offspring rats

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 11, 2024

Introduction Maternal obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during pregnancy is the risk factor for impaired fetal growth with low birth weight in offspring. However, it unclear whether gestational intermittent hypoxia (IH, a hallmark of maternal OSA) has long-term detrimental consequences on skeletal development This study aimed to investigate postnatal maxillofacial bone and cartilage metabolism male female offspring that were exposed IH. Methods Mother rats underwent IH at 20 cycles/h (nadir, 4% O 2 ; peak, 21% 0% CO ) 8 h per day days (GD) 7–20, their analyzed postnatally 5 10 weeks age. All born raised under normoxic conditions. Results There was no significant difference whole-body tibial length between male/female control counterparts. In contrast, mandibular condylar significantly shorter than age, while there Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed downregulated mRNA level SOX9 (a chondrogenesis marker) upregulated HIF-1α hypoxia-inducible offspring, but not Conclusion Gestational induced underdeveloped ramus/condyles reduced expression SOX9, enhancing sex-dependent manner.

Language: Английский

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Long-lasting adverse effects of short-term stress during the suckling–mastication transition period on masticatory function and intraoral sensation in rats

Odontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(3), P. 906 - 916

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Early-life stress affects brain development, eventually resulting in adverse behavioral and physical health consequences adulthood. The present study assessed the hypothesis that short-term early-life during infancy before weaning, a period for maturation of mastication sleep, poses long-lasting effects on masticatory function intraoral sensations later life. Rat pups were exposed to either maternal separation (MS) or intermittent hypoxia (IH-Infancy) 6 h/day light/sleep phase from postnatal day (P)17 P20 generate “neglect” “pediatric obstructive sleep apnea” models, respectively. remaining rats IH P45–P48 (IH-Adult). Masticatory ability was evaluated based rats’ chew pellets bite pasta throughout growth (P21–P70). Intraoral chemical mechanical sensitivities using two-bottle preference drinking tests, hind paw pain thresholds measured adulthood (after P60). No differences found body weight, grip force, sensitivity MS, IH-Infancy, IH-Adult compared with naïve rats. lower MS IH-Infancy P28 P70 than exhibited hypersensitivity capsaicin stimulations did not display inferior hypersensitivity. In conclusion, suckling–mastication transition potentially causes persistent decrease is “critical window” oral motor sensory functions.

Language: Английский

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Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea : Insights and Current Research

Seminars in Orthodontics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 204 - 206

Published: March 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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