Circadian disruption of feeding-fasting rhythm and its consequences for metabolic, immune, cancer, and cognitive processes

Biomedical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100827 - 100827

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The circadian system is composed by a central hypothalamic clock at the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) that communicates with peripheral oscillators for daily coordination of behavior and physiology. SCN entrain to environmental 24-h light-dark (LD) cycle drive rhythms internal synchronizers such as core body temperature, hypothalamic-hypophysary hormones, sympathetic/parasympathetic activity, well behavioral feeding-fasting rhythms, which supply signals setting molecular clocks tissues. Steady phase relationships between keep homeostatic processes microbiota/microbiome composition/activity, metabolic supply/demand, energy balance, immunoinflammatory process, sleep amount quality, psychophysiological stress, etc. Indeed, risk health alterations increase when these are chronically changed prompting disruption (CD), occurring after sudden LD changes (so-called jet-lag), or due activity/feeding-rest/fasting rhythm respect cycles (as humans subjected nightwork, restricting food access rest in mice). Typical pathologies observed animal models CD epidemiological studies include syndrome, type-2 diabetes, obesity, chronic inflammation, cancer, disruption, decrease physical cognitive performance, mood, among others. present review discusses different aspects physiological dysregulations having altered potential translation human health.

Language: Английский

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Irregular Light Schedules Disrupt Daily Rhythms and Dysregulate Genes Involved in Neuroplasticity, Motivation, and Stress Responses

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Synchronization of internal biological rhythms with external light-dark cycles is crucial for proper function and survival the organisms, however modern life often imposes irregular light exposure, disrupting these clocks. This study investigated effects short-term shifted on mice daily rhythmicity, whether alterations trigger molecular behavioral changes. We evaluated locomotor activity as well different domains gene expression in hypothalamus medial prefrontal cortex. Despite non prominent impairments, such anxiety or cognitive deficits, we observed a decreased complexity patterns subjected to disrupted cycles. Molecular included dysregulations oscillations core clock genes (Cry2, Per2) disruptions involved neuroplasticity, neurotransmission, motivation, stress responses, including GluA1, Crhr2, Vip both studied brain areas. Our reveals that even brief cycle shifts can disrupt circadian regulation at level, despite minimal molecular-behavioral discrepancy may suggest complex adaptive response drastic perturbations. Understanding interplay between cues mitigating negative consequences exposure physiological processes overall well-being.

Language: Английский

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Frequent Shifts During Chronic Jet Lag Uncouple Liver Rhythms From the Light Cycle in Male Mice

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Circadian disruption is pervasive in modern society and associated with increased risk of disease. Chronic jet lag paradigms are popular experimental tools aiming to emulate human circadian experienced during rotating night shift work. induces metabolic phenotypes tied liver systemic functions, yet lack a clear definition for how rhythmic physiology impaired under these conditions hinders the ability identify underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we compared 2 common chronic found that neither induced arrythmicity each had distinct effects on rhythmicity. Instead, more frequent 8-h forward shifts light schedule severe misalignment non-fasted hyperglycemia. Every other day eventually uncoupled behavioral hepatic rhythms from cycle, reminiscent free-running conditions. These results point misalignment, not arrhythmicity, as initial disturbance dysfunction environmental highlight considerations interpretation design studies.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Cancer Survivors: From Oncogenesis to Quality of Life

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(20)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Background Circadian rhythms are approximately 24‐hour cycles in physiological and behavioral processes. They entrained to the external solar day via blue wavelength light. Disruptions these intrinsic can lead circadian dysfunction, which has several negative implications on human health, including cancer development progression. Aims Here we review molecular mechanisms of disruption their impact tumor progression, discuss interplay between dysfunction basic scientific studies clinical data, propose potential data that may be used improve patient outcomes reduce cost treatment. Materials & Methods Using literature databases, relevant were analyzed draw overarching conclusions relationship rhythm dysruption cancer. Conclusions mediated by a number environmental factors such as exposure light at night, shift work, jetlag, social jetlag drive oncogenesis. Tumor growth well treatment, long‐term alterations negatively affect quality life survivors.

Language: Английский

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Transitional photoperiod induces a mania‐like behavior in male mice

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(6), P. 5141 - 5155

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the behavioral responses and circadian rhythms of mice both rapid gradual increases in photoperiod, mimicking transition from winter summer, which is associated with a heightened prevalence hospitalizations for mania suicidal behavior. Behavioral tests were performed C57BL/6 male exposed transitional short long durations. To determine if are affected, we measured spontaneous locomotor activity body temperature. Mice exhibited exploratory risk‐taking behaviors compared equatorial static (16:8 h light–dark cycle several days) groups. These prevented by lithium. Spontaneous temperature persisted effectively synchronized; however, relative amplitude interdaily stability diminished. Additionally, animals displayed increased during light phase. Photoperiodic modulates behavior rhythms, mirroring certain features observed bipolar disorder patients. introduces an animal model investigating mania‐like induced photoperiodic changes, offering potential insights suicide prevention strategies management mood disorders.

Language: Английский

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Orexinergic modulation of chronic jet lag-induced deficits in mouse cognitive flexibility

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 12, 2024

Cognitive flexibility and working memory are important executive functions mediated by the prefrontal cortex can be impaired circadian rhythm disturbances such as chronic jet lag (CJL) or shift work. In present study, we used mice to investigate whether (1) simulated CJL impairs cognitive flexibility, (2) orexin system is involved in impairment, (3) nasal administration of A able reverse CJL-induced deficits memory. Mice were exposed either standard light-dark conditions consisting series advance time shifts. Experiment investigated effects a mild protocol on using attentional set shifting task. stronger examined utilizing c-Fos immunohistochemistry. tested application rescue memory, latter measuring spontaneous alternation Y-maze. The data show that reduces activity neurons lateral hypothalamus. Nasal rescued flexibility. These findings suggest impairments caused dysregulation orexinergic input cortex. Compensation decreased could potential therapy for CJL- work-induced human functions.

Language: Английский

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Orexinergic modulation of chronic jet lag-induced deficits in mouse cognitive flexibility

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Abstract Cognitive flexibility and working memory are important executive functions mediated by the prefrontal cortex can be impaired circadian rhythm disturbances such as chronic jet lag (CJL) or shift work. In present study, we used mice to investigate whether (1) simulated CJL impairs cognitive flexibility, (2) orexin system is involved in impairment, (3) nasal administration of A able reverse CJL-induced deficits memory. Mice were exposed either standard light-dark conditions consisting series advance time shifts. Experiment investigated effects a mild protocol on using attentional set shifting task. stronger examined utilizing c-Fos immunohistochemistry. tested application rescue memory, latter measuring spontaneous alternation Y-maze. The data show that reduces activity neurons lateral hypothalamus. Nasal rescued flexibility. These findings suggest function impairments caused dysregulation orexinergic input cortex. Compensation decreased could potential therapy for CJL- work-induced human functions.

Language: Английский

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Sex-dependent effects of chronic jet lag on circadian rhythm and metabolism in mice

Biology of Sex Differences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Abstract Background The circadian clock integrates external environmental changes into the internal physiology of organisms. Perturbed clocks due to misaligned light cycles increase risk diseases, including metabolic disorders. However, effects sex differences in this context remain unclear. Methods Circadian misalignment was induced by a chronic jet lag (CJL) shift schedule (light-on time advanced 6 h every 2 days) C57BL/6N male and female mice. Core body temperature activity rhythms were recorded using nano tag, gene expression clock-controlled genes liver adrenal glands analyzed qPCR. Glucose metabolism insulin response evaluated glucose tolerance, sensitivity, assays. Castration testosterone replacement performed assess fundamental role phenotypes under CJL. Results Under CJL treatment, mice exhibited increased weight gain, whereas females decreased gain compared that respective controls. treatment lower robustness core weaker rhythm females, but not males. Only intolerance conditions, without development resistance. Castrated reduced rhythm, as observed intact females. Testosterone castrated recovered CJL-induced Conclusions Significant sex-based organization plays crucial maintaining regulating

Language: Английский

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