PHI-base in 2022: a multi-species phenotype database for Pathogen–Host Interactions

Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(D1), P. D837 - D847

Published: Nov. 8, 2021

Abstract Since 2005, the Pathogen–Host Interactions Database (PHI-base) has manually curated experimentally verified pathogenicity, virulence and effector genes from fungal, bacterial protist pathogens, which infect animal, plant, fish, insect and/or fungal hosts. PHI-base (www.phi-base.org) is devoted to identification presentation of phenotype information on pathogenicity their host interactions. Specific gene alterations that did not alter in interaction are also presented. invaluable for comparative analyses discovery candidate targets medically agronomically important species intervention. Version 4.12 (September 2021) contains 4387 references, provides 8411 279 tested 228 hosts 18, 190 This a 24% increase content since 4.8 2019). Bacterial pathogens represent majority data, with 54:46 split entries, whilst protists, protozoa, nematodes insects 3.6% entries. Host consist approximately 54% plants 46% others medical, veterinary environmental importance. data disseminated UniProtKB, FungiDB Ensembl Genomes. will migrate new gene-centric version (version 5.0) early 2022. major development briefly described.

Language: Английский

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Transgenic Breeding Approaches for Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 2695 - 2695

Published: April 13, 2020

The recent rapid climate changes and increasing global population have led to an increased incidence of abiotic stress decreased crop productivity. Environmental stresses, such as temperature, drought, nutrient deficiency, salinity, heavy metal are major challenges for agriculture, they lead a significant reduction in growth Abiotic is very complex phenomenon, involving variety physiological biochemical plant cells. Plants exposed exhibit enhanced levels ROS (reactive oxygen species), which highly reactive toxic affect the biosynthesis chlorophyll, photosynthetic capacity, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, antioxidant enzyme activities. Transgenic breeding offers suitable alternative conventional achieve genetic improvements. Over last two decades, engineering/transgenic techniques demonstrated remarkable developments manipulations genes induction desired characteristics into transgenic plants. approaches provide us with access identify candidate genes, miRNAs, transcription factors (TFs) that involved specific processes, thus enabling integrated knowledge molecular mechanisms influencing tolerance accuracy precision this phenomenon assures great success future Hence, has proven be promising tool improvement crops. This review focuses on potential successful applications, progress, perspectives improving productivity

Language: Английский

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Recent Approaches towards Control of Fungal Diseases in Plants: An Updated Review

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. 900 - 900

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Recent research demonstrates that the number of virulent phytopathogenic fungi continually grows, which leads to significant economic losses worldwide. Various procedures are currently available for rapid detection and control fungi. Since 1940, chemical synthetic fungicides were typically used However, substantial increase in development fungal resistance these addition negative effects caused by on health animals, human beings, environment results exploration various new approaches green strategies scientists from all over world. In this review, controlling diseases plants is discussed. We argue an effort should be made bring recent technologies farmer level.

Language: Английский

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Engineering disease resistant plants through CRISPR-Cas9 technology

GM crops & food, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 125 - 144

Published: Oct. 20, 2020

Plants are susceptible to phytopathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, which cause colossal financial shortfalls (pre- post-harvest) threaten global food safety. To combat with these plant possesses two-layer of defense in the form PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI), or Effectors-triggered (ETI). The understanding plant-molecular interactions revolution high-throughput molecular techniques have opened door for innovations developing pathogen-resistant plants. In this context, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) has transformed genome editing (GE) technology being harnessed altering traits. Here we summarized complexities immune system use CRISPR-Cas9 edit various components acquire long-lasting resistance plants against phytopathogens. This review also sheds light on limitations system, regulation edited crops future prospective technology.

Language: Английский

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Effector Biology of Biotrophic Plant Fungal Pathogens: Current Advances and Future Prospects

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 126567 - 126567

Published: Aug. 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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Targeted plant improvement through genome editing: from laboratory to field

Plant Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 40(6), P. 935 - 951

Published: Jan. 21, 2021

Abstract Key message This review illustrates how far we have come since the emergence of GE technologies and they could be applied to obtain superior sustainable crop production. The main challenges today’s agriculture are maintaining raising productivity, reducing its negative impact on environment, adapting climate change. Efficient plant breeding can generate elite varieties that will rapidly replace obsolete ones address ongoing in an efficient manner. Site-specific genome editing plants is a evolving field with tangible results. technology equipped powerful toolbox molecular scissors cut DNA at pre-determined site different efficiencies for designing approach best suits objectives each strategy. Genome (GE) not only revolutionizes biology, but provides means solve related architecture, food security, nutrient content, adaptation resistance diseases production plant-based materials. these superior, safe Synergies other technological platforms gaining significance lead exciting new, post-genomic era research In previous months, seen what global changes might arise from one new virus, reminding us drastic effects such events demonstrates important science, technology, tools meet current time future. Plant make real difference future benefit both mankind our environment.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR-Based Genome Editing Tools: Insights into Technological Breakthroughs and Future Challenges

Genes, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 797 - 797

Published: May 24, 2021

Genome-editing (GE) is having a tremendous influence around the globe in life science community. Among its versatile uses, desired modifications of genes, and more importantly transgene (DNA)-free approach to develop genetically modified organism (GMO), are special interest. The recent rapid developments genome-editing technology have given rise hopes achieve global food security sustainable manner. We here discuss CRISPR-based tools for crop improvement concerning adaptation, opportunities, challenges. Some notable advances highlighted include development genome plants, availability compatible nucleases, safe effective CRISPR delivery vehicles plant editing, multi-gene targeting complex base editing prime genetic engineering. Additionally, new avenues that facilitate fine-tuning gene regulation also been addressed. In spite potential other tools, major challenges remain. related practical required efficient reagents precision while others come from government policies public acceptance. This review will therefore be helpful gain insights into technological advances, applications, future improvement.

Language: Английский

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Genome Editing Technology for Genetic Amelioration of Fruits and Vegetables for Alleviating Post-Harvest Loss

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 176 - 176

Published: April 18, 2022

Food security and crop production are challenged worldwide due to overpopulation, changing environmental conditions, establishment failure, various kinds of post-harvest losses. The demand for high-quality foods with improved nutritional quality is also growing day by day. Therefore, produce reducing losses produce, particularly perishable fruits vegetables, vital. For many decades, attempts have been made improve the traits horticultural crops. Recently, modern genetic tools such as genome editing emerged a new approach manage overcome effectively efficiently. different including ZFNs, TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9 system introduce mutations (In Dels) in crops address resolve issues associated storage quality. Henceforth, we provide broad review applications horticulture stability shelf life, texture, resistance pathogens without compromising value. Moreover, major roadblocks, challenges, their possible solutions employing discussed.

Language: Английский

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Recent Developments in CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing Technology Related to Plant Disease Resistance and Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1037 - 1037

Published: July 22, 2023

The revolutionary CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology has emerged as a powerful tool for plant improvement, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency in making targeted gene modifications. This practical approach to genome editing offers tremendous opportunities crop surpassing the capabilities of conventional breeding techniques. article provides an overview recent advancements challenges associated with application improvement. potential terms developing crops enhanced resistance biotic abiotic stresses is highlighted, examples genes edited confer disease resistance, drought tolerance, salt cold tolerance. Here, we also discuss importance off-target effects efforts made mitigate them, including use shorter single-guide RNAs dual Cas9 nickases. Furthermore, alternative delivery methods, such protein- RNA-based approaches, are explored, they could potentially avoid integration foreign DNA into genome, thus alleviating concerns related genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We emphasize significance accelerating processes, reducing time costs, enabling introduction desired traits at nucleotide level. As field continues evolve, it anticipated that will remain prominent adaptation challenging environmental conditions.

Language: Английский

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A CRISPR way for accelerating cereal crop improvement: Progress and challenges

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Humans rely heavily on cereal grains as a key source of nutrients, hence regular improvement crops is essential for ensuring food security. The current crisis at the global level due to rising population and harsh climatic conditions which prompts scientists develop smart resilient attain Cereal crop in past generally depended imprecise methods like random mutagenesis conventional genetic recombination results high off targeting risks. In this context, we have witnessed application targeted using versatile CRISPR-Cas systems sustainable agriculture. Accelerated molecular breeding based genome editing (GE) an unprecedented tool plant biotechnology last decade has shown fidelity, accuracy, low levels off-target effects, efficacy CRISPR technology induce such wheat, rice, maize, barley, millets. Since genomic databases these are available, several modifications GE technologies been performed desirable results. This review provides brief overview includes elaborate account mechanisms applications improving desired traits. Further, describe recent developments CRISPR-Cas–based through base prime plants, possibly providing new dimensions field editing.

Language: Английский

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