Smart reprograming of plants against salinity stress using modern biotechnological tools

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(7), P. 1035 - 1062

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Climate change gives rise to numerous environmental stresses, including soil salinity. Salinity/salt stress is the second biggest abiotic factor affecting agricultural productivity worldwide by damaging physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. In particular, salinity affects plant growth, development, productivity. Salinity responses include modulation of ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense system induction, biosynthesis phytohormones osmoprotectants protect plants from osmotic decreasing toxicity augmented reactive oxygen species scavenging. As most crop are sensitive salinity, improving salt tolerance crucial in sustaining global response trigger stress-related genes, proteins, accumulation metabolites cope with adverse consequence Therefore, this review presents an overview plants. We highlight advances modern biotechnological tools, such as omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) approaches different genome editing tools (ZFN, TALEN, CRISPR/Cas system) for accomplish goal "zero hunger," a sustainable development proposed FAO.

Language: Английский

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Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants: Interplay of Molecular, Biochemical and Physiological Responses in Important Development Stages

Physiologia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 180 - 197

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Drought is an important abiotic stress factor limiting crop productivity worldwide and its impact increasing with climate change. Regardless of the plant growth period, drought has a deadly yield-reducing effect on at every stage development. As many environmental stressors, drought-exposed plants trigger series molecular, biochemical, physiological responses to overcome stress. Currently, researchers are trying determine complex functioning response in different approaches. Plants more sensitive during certain critical stages like germination, seedling formation, flowering, fertilization, grain formation periods. have high success reducing effects vegetative development periods activity tolerance mechanisms. On other hand, generative period can cause irreversible losses yield. This review focuses progression mechanisms involved field crops stages.

Language: Английский

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Plant drought stress tolerance: understanding its physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 1912 - 1925

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Plants are vulnerable to many environmental constraints which include drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, heavy metals, etc., thereby posing damage the development and yield of major crops. Of these stresses, drought represents a severe threat plant productivity in agriculture. Drought stress reduces by affecting key metabolic pathways. The capability plants switch on or off series genes result alterations physiological morphological attributes, allowing escape, tolerate avoid stress. Different genes, transcription factors signal transduction pathways induced Advances genome editing technologies have revolutionized agriculture sector using more accurate engineering techniques for targeted crop traits. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology is robust efficient approach developing plant/crop varieties tolerant different climatic changes. use new like CRISPR facilitates creation species with improved tolerance. Thus this review aims elucidate basic responses mechanisms adaptation attainment

Language: Английский

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Exogenous Gibberellic Acid or Dilute Bee Honey Boosts Drought Stress Tolerance in Vicia faba by Rebalancing Osmoprotectants, Antioxidants, Nutrients, and Phytohormones

Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 748 - 748

Published: April 11, 2021

The use of growth regulators such as gibberellic acid (GA3) and biostimulants, including diluted bee honey (Db-H) can improve drought tolerance in many crops, the faba bean (Vicia L.). Db-H contains high values osmoprotectants, mineral nutrients, vitamins, antioxidants making it an effective regulator against environmental stress effects. Therefore, present study was planned to investigate potential improvement plant performance (growth productivity) under full watering (100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc)) (60% ETc) by foliar application GA3 (20 mg L−1) or g L−1). ameliorative impacts these on growth, productivity, physio-biochemical attributes, nutrient status, antioxidant defense system, phytohormones were evaluated. attenuated negative influences cell membrane stability, ion leakage, relative water content, leaf pigments related photosynthesis (chlorophylls carotenoids), efficiency photosystem II (PSII terms Fv/Fm index), thus improving green pod yield, efficiency. Drought caused abnormal state nutrients photosynthetic machinery due increased indicators oxidative (malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) superoxide (O2•−)), associated with osmoprotectants (proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugars, protein), non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, glutathione, α-tocopherol), enzymatic activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase). However, foliar-applied mediated further increases capacity, GA3, indole-3-acetic cytokinins, along decreased levels MDA abscisic acid. These results suggest at tested concentrations mitigate drought-induced damage plants obtain satisfactory productivity a deficit up 40%.

Language: Английский

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Current understanding, challenges and perspective on portable systems applied to plant monitoring and precision agriculture

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 222, P. 115005 - 115005

Published: Dec. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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Unveiling stress-adapted endophytic bacteria: Characterizing plant growth-promoting traits and assessing cross-inoculation effects on Populus deltoides under abiotic stress

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 210, P. 108610 - 108610

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Microbial-assisted alleviation of chromium toxicity in plants: A critical review

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100394 - 100394

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Soil contamination with chromium (Cr) is a serious and burgeoning environmental problem. The infiltration of excess Cr into the food chain causes number human health issues, including respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, several types cancer. pollution can be contained by different physical, chemical, biological remediation approaches. Physical chemical methods are costly hazardous to environment as they cause secondary pollution. Biological approaches such bioremediation that employ plants (phytoremediation) microbes eco-friendly, efficient, cost-effective. Nonetheless, conventional phytoremediation encounters limitations in large-scale use due restricted pool hyperaccumulator plant species, slow growth rate, limited biomass production, plant-contaminant specificity, contaminant-mediated oxidative stress plants. Interestingly, bacteria fungi have potential survive thrive under extreme conditions. Plant growth-promoting (PGPB) utilize siderophores, organic acids, biosurfactants, redox mechanisms, biomethylation convert metals soluble bioavailable forms. Further, these involved synthesizing phytohormones 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, acquisition iron, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, which improve biomass, thereby aiding phytoremediation. This literature review encompasses breadth research conducted over preceding decade, underscoring contemporary remedial primary focus on crucial role facilitating Cr. Moreover, this spotlights underlying mechanisms microbe-assisted betterment grown Cr-contaminated soils.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the mechanisms of WRKY transcription factors and regulated pathways in response to abiotic stress

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 100429 - 100429

Published: March 12, 2024

The environmental conditions encompassing plants exert a significant impact on their appropriate growth and development. It is of utmost importance to investigate the mechanisms signaling cascades underlying tolerance abiotic stress in order enhance quality crops. Plant development processes are significantly impacted by stresses, which intricately linked surroundings. Plants exhibit prompt genetic metabolic network responses, mostly through networks involving transcription factors that respond stress, including WRKY, MYB, bZIP, AP2/EREBP, NAC. Among these WRKY TFs factors, fulfill pivotal function diverse range responses developmental mechanisms. greatly assist coping with stress. These oversee control several target gene categories active involvement numerous interaction W-box cis-acting elements located promoters genes. This research provides comprehensive analysis response mechanism In addition, we have explored state knowledge TFs' effects plants' such as drought, salt, high temperatures, cold. elucidates intricate molecular govern pathways modulate expression, thereby conferring upon plants. Moreover, summarized involved biotic TFs, hormonal routes like SA JA, aid inducing resistance coordinating defense against pathogens challenges. agricultural sustainability augment crop resilience towards strategies manipulate regulatory need be established.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Tolerance to Combined Heat and Drought Stress in Cool‐Season Grain Legumes: Mechanisms, Genetic Insights, and Future Directions

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

ABSTRACT The increasing frequency of concurrent heat and drought stress poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly for cool‐season grain legumes, including broad bean ( Vicia Faba L.), lupin Lupinus spp.), lentil Lens culinaris Medik), chickpea Cicer arietinum grasspea Lathyrus sativus pea Pisum sativum common vetch sativa L.). These legumes play vital role in sustainable systems due their nitrogen‐fixing ability high nutritional value. This review synthesizes current knowledge the impacts tolerance mechanisms associated with combined stresses these crops. We evaluate physiological biochemical responses stress, focusing on detrimental effects growth, development, yield. Key genetic molecular mechanisms, such as roles osmolytes, antioxidants, stress‐responsive genes, are explored. also discuss intricate interplay between signaling pathways, involvement Ca 2+ ions, reactive oxygen species, transcription factor DREB2A, endoplasmic reticulum mediating responses. comprehensive analysis offers new insights into developing resilient legume varieties enhance sustainability under climate change. Future research should prioritize integrating omics technologies unravel plant abiotic stresses.

Language: Английский

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Morpho-physiological growth performance and phytoremediation capabilities of selected xerophyte grass species toward Cr and Pb stress

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Being sessile organisms, plants cannot escape unwanted changes in the environment. The rapid human population explosion caused significant environmental problems. Heavy metals produced through various sources can cause severe damage to living organisms. study was planned evaluate four grass species' morpho-physiological growth characteristics and phytoremediation capabilities under chromium (Cr) lead stress (Pb) arid climate. Typha angustifolia, Tragus roxburghii, Aeluropus logopoides, Cenchrus ciliaris species were used for study. One-year-old stubbles from Cholistan desert experiment. Cr treatments form of K2Cr2O7 applied at 0, 20, 40, 80 mg L-1, whereas Pb as PbCl2 50, 200, 500 L-1 control, low, moderate high-stress, respectively. After 6 weeks heavy treatments, harvested analyzed performance capabilities. Results depicted that, regarding morphological attributes, T. angustifolia performed better, followed by C. ciliaris; no clear pattern observed roxburghii A. logopoides. CO2 assimilation rate (Co2d) water use efficiency (WUE) increased metal all both metals. In contrast, total chlorophyll content higher low stress. Other physiological parameters, such relative humidity (RHd), net photosynthetic (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), leaf internal concentration (Ci) membrane stability index (MSI) gradually decreased Cr, levels among species. Moreover, absorption contents than other three each level. Overall, thrived against showed biomass, maximum measurements, WUE selected concluded that although behaved fine conditions, better; thus, it be remediate soil near industrial estates.

Language: Английский

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