Drought Tolerance in Plants: Physiological and Molecular Responses

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 2962 - 2962

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Drought, a significant environmental challenge, presents substantial risk to worldwide agriculture and the security of food supplies. In response, plants can perceive stimuli from their environment activate defense pathways via various modulating networks cope with stress. Drought tolerance, multifaceted attribute, be dissected into distinct contributing mechanisms factors. Osmotic stress, dehydration dysfunction plasma endosome membranes, loss cellular turgidity, inhibition metabolite synthesis, energy depletion, impaired chloroplast function, oxidative stress are among most critical consequences drought on plant cells. Understanding intricate interplay these physiological molecular responses provides insights adaptive strategies employ navigate through Plant cells express withstand reverse effects These include osmotic adjustment preserve turgor, synthesis protective proteins like dehydrins, triggering antioxidant systems counterbalance A better understanding tolerance is crucial for devising specific methods improve crop resilience promote sustainable agricultural practices in environments limited water resources. This review explores employed by address challenges

Language: Английский

---

Crop monitoring using remote sensing land use and land change data: Comparative analysis of deep learning methods using pre-trained CNN models

Big Data Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 100448 - 100448

Published: March 20, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Cerium oxide as a nanozyme for plant abiotic stress tolerance: An overview of the mechanisms

Plant Nano Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100049 - 100049

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Abiotic stress in plants is considered an important environmental constraint that ultimately reduces agricultural production. Nanotechnology advancing technology for improving plant growth and mitigating factors modern agriculture. Cerium oxide, a rare lanthanide Earth's crust, holds significant potential various industrial sectors. Research on engineered cerium oxide nanoparticles has been proven to play role promoting alleviating at lower dosage levels. The accumulation of benefits by morphological attributes, antioxidants, photosynthetic parameters. Application as nanozymes under abiotic conditions activates signaling cascades scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated. However, higher dosages can lead toxicological effects plants. Higher different tissues critical reviewing their interference with food chain safety. This review covers impact performance, tolerance, underlying mechanisms when interacting

Language: Английский

---

The Effect of Water Stress on the Glucosinolate Content and Profile: A Comparative Study on Roots and Leaves of Brassica oleracea L. Crops

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 579 - 579

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Drought is one of the major challenges global crop production, and its severity increasing because climate change. This abiotic stress an important target for Brassica species, which are generally grown in arid semi-arid climates. study was conducted to investigate effects water deficit on a set accessions belonging core collection EU H2020 BRESOV project, represented by oleracea L. crops complex species (n = 9). In particular, variation amount profile glucosinolates (GLSs) compounds analyzed root leaf tissues. The plant morphometric traits GLSs were detected plants cold greenhouse Catania (Sicily) during autumn–winter season ten weeks. results showed wide qualitative quantitative among accessions. varied qualitatively quantitively both genotypes portions (hypogenous-root epigeous-leaf). Plants under drought stress, last two weeks growing cycle consideration, higher GLS their leaves (190.1 ± 8.9 µmol. g−1 d.w.) compared roots (17.3 1.9 d.w.). Under conditions, highest increase glucosinolate broccoli (the accession BR1) with 85.4% cauliflower CV1) 72.8% leaves, respectively. Positive correlations found between identified. selection chemotypes allows time reduction breeding programs after crossing specific profiles glucosinolates.

Language: Английский

---

Physiological Responses and Metabolic Characteristics of Proso Millet Under Drought Stress During Germination Period

Food Science & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

To clarify the impact of drought stress during germination on proso millet's physiological responses and metabolic features, this study used targeted-like metabolomics methods. With Longmi No. 7 (drought-tolerant, L1) 15 (drought-sensitive, L2) as materials, we studied enzyme activities, osmotic adjustment substances, differential metabolites millet. Results showed that under stress, L1's activities substance contents were significantly higher than L2's, especially at 48-h treatment. 1085 known identified from 24 samples, normal germination, main (amino acids, flavonoids, phytohormone, lipids, sugars, etc.) enriched in amino acid, lipid, sugar, energy metabolism pathways. L2's lipid metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, acid At 24-h treatment, pathways L1 mainly concentrated carbohydrate nucleotide while those L2 metabolism. 48 h, carbohydrate, biosynthesis other Under organic etc.; phytohormones, acids. This provides a new direction for development millet sprouts. Meanwhile, it offers ideas theoretical bases functional foods regulation nutritional components

Language: Английский

---

Sensitivity of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Maize and Sorghum under Different Drought Levels

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1863 - 1863

Published: April 30, 2023

Drought is one of the main environmental stress factors affecting plant growth and yield. The impact different PEG concentrations on photosynthetic performance maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Foehn) was investigated. activity apparatus assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence (PAM JIP test) photooxidation P700. data revealed that water deficiency decreased photochemical quenching (qP), ratio to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), effective quantum yield energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), rate electron transport (ETR), indexes PItotal PIABS, as stronger than depended drought level. PSI photochemistry (P700 photooxidation) inhibited after application all studied levels, while maize, it registered only treatment with higher (30% 40%). Enhanced regulated losses (ΦNPQ) activation state transition under were also observed sorghum, an increase mainly nonregulated (ΦNO). A decrease pigment content relative membrane damage treatment. experimental results showed better tolerance sorghum. This study provides new information about role for protection might be a practical approach determination plants.

Language: Английский

---

Comparative Analysis of Primary Photosynthetic Reactions Assessed by OJIP Kinetics in Three Brassica Crops after Drought and Recovery

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 3078 - 3078

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Plant drought tolerance depends on adaptations of the photosynthetic apparatus to changing environments triggered by water deficit. The seedlings three Brassica crops differing in sensitivity, oleracea L. var. capitata—white cabbage, acephala—kale, and rapa pekinensis—Chinese were exposed withholding water. Detailed insight into machinery was carried out when seedling reached a relative content about 45% after re-watering analyzing OJIP kinetics. key objective this study find reliable parameters for distinguishing drought−tolerant drought-sensitive varieties before permanent structural functional changes occur. According our findings, an increase total performance index (PItotal) structure–function (SFI), positive L K bands, driving forces (ΔDF), resistance (DRI) suggest tolerance. At same time, susceptible can be distinguished based negative PItotal, SFI, density reaction centers (RC/CS0). Kale proved most tolerant, Chinese cabbage moderately susceptible, white showed high sensitivity investigated stress. genetic variation revealed among selected could used breeding programs high-precision crop management.

Language: Английский

---

Roles of abscisic acid and auxin in plants during drought: A molecular point of view

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 204, P. 108129 - 108129

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Enhancing Water Status and Nutrient Uptake in Drought-Stressed Lettuce Plants (Lactuca sativa L.) via Inoculation with Different Bacillus spp. Isolated from the Atacama Desert

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 158 - 158

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Drought is a major challenge for agriculture worldwide, being one of the main causes losses in plant production. Various studies reported that some soil's bacteria can improve tolerance to environmental stresses by enhancement water and nutrient uptake plants. The Atacama Desert Chile, driest place on earth, harbors largely unexplored microbial richness. This study aimed evaluate ability various

Language: Английский

---

Comparative physiological, biochemical and proteomic analyses reveal key proteins and crucial regulatory pathways related to drought stress tolerance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) leaves

Current Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37, P. 100320 - 100320

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Drought is one of the important abiotic factors that affect faba bean growth and productivity in Mediterranean region. In order to study response plant water-deficit stress, a physiological proteomic analysis was carried out leaf tissue. All parameters were affected by drought. The mechanism underlying leaves therefore attributed alleviation oxidative stress via accumulation proline synergistic action antioxidant enzyme system (CAT, SOD, APX GPOX). Proteomic identified 2000 proteins from leaves, which 81 differentially expressed. Of those, 36 downregulated 45 upregulated under treatment. KEGG GO enrichments indicated abundant (DAPs) related photosynthesis, antioxidants ROS detoxifying enzymes, biosynthesis amino acids secondary metabolites, molecular chaperones, signal transduction, energy carbohydrate metabolism metabolic enzymes. current results provide evidence for complex synergetic pathway, detoxification mechanisms photoprotection constituted major aspect tolerance leaves. These offer foundational basis regarding involved drought resistance within species.

Language: Английский

---