Preharvest Abiotic Stress Affects the Nutritional Value of Lettuce

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 398 - 398

Published: Jan. 29, 2023

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most consumed leafy green vegetables in world, and a good source important bioactive compounds. However, environmental stress factors, such as salinity or drought, cause physiological biochemical changes plants influence yields levels both primary secondary metabolites, which drastically nutritional value quality crop. In present work, six typical Czech cultivars/landraces various lettuce morphotypes (Altenbursky, Dubacek, Kamenac, Jupiter, Prazan, Robin) were grown under driven conditions then analyzed for content sugars, fatty acids, amino phenolics, vitamins. Obtained data subjected to compositional tables statistical analysis, provided not only information on general trends their but also how these affected each particular variety. Overall, drought caused largest relative increase phenolic compounds some acids. Conversely, overall decrease vitamin C, addition, salt larger many especially acid arginine, while acids slightly increased, together with E. interpretation from analysis showed that varieties Prazan Altenbursky had least chemical composition when stress. Again, var. variability comparison other These findings confirm fact landraces old cultivars do change profiles significantly, case improved cultivars, they emphasize need cultivation raising productivity staple food crops.

Language: Английский

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Organic management and local genotypes for elevating yield and seed quality to confront climate change challenges

European Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 168, P. 127613 - 127613

Published: March 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Current impacts of elevated CO2 on crop nutritional quality: a review using wheat as a case study

Stress Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

Abstract This review synthesises current research findings and modelling approaches to explore the impact of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (eCO 2 ) concentrations on crop productivity, water nutrient use efficiency, plant nutritional quality, implications for global food security. Over recent decades, rising CO levels have sparked significant concern due their role in driving climate change. While some studies highlight potential benefits eCO , such as increased yields improved water-use many investigations reveal a concerning decline quality. has been shown reduce key nutrients, including nitrogen, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols, other non-nutrient compounds, well alter gene expression. These changes are further complicated by interactions with heat stress drought, presenting challenges predicting sustainable future productivity. declines exacerbate crisis malnutrition hidden hunger, threatening achievement Sustainable Development Goal (SDG2), which aims end hunger ensure Addressing these requires research, interdisciplinary collaboration, innovative mitigate adverse effects physiology content while maximising agricultural sustainability. provide insights into complex mechanisms governing responses using wheat model proposes pathways practices. strategies critical tackling intricate dynamics variability, ensuring nutrient-rich production, securing security face rapidly changing climate.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the responses of crop photosynthesis to CO2 elevation at the molecular, physiological, and morphological levels toward increasing crop production

Crop and Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 75 - 83

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Exploring the impact of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis is vital for understanding plant responses to climate change. In C3 plants, concentrations generally enhance assimilation by increasing chloroplast concentration. However, underlying mechanisms are complex since involves multiple physiological processes operating at different time scales and varying among species. this review, we focused key photosynthetic in crop, including diffusion conductances such as stomatal conductance (gs), mesophyll (gm), photochemical reactions, Calvin-Benson cycle, related metabolic pathways. Short-term exposure often decreases gs gm while electron transport rate. long-term can decrease capacity due coordinated downregulation processes, particularly when sink‒source ratio declines. To productivity under CO2, it crucial maintain or sink activity understand response molecular, physiological, morphological levels. This review provides an update short- gs, gm, system, carbon metabolism CO2. Furthermore, offers a perspective improving crop production future with

Language: Английский

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Biochemical and structural basis of polyamine, lysine and ornithine acetylation catalyzed by spermine/spermidine N‐acetyl transferase in moss and maize

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 114(3), P. 482 - 498

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

SUMMARY Polyamines such as spermidine and spermine are essential regulators of cell growth, differentiation, maintenance ion balance abiotic stress tolerance. Their levels controlled by the spermidine/spermine N 1 ‐acetyltransferase (SSAT) via acetylation to promote either their degradation or export outside shown in mammals. Plant genomes contain at least one gene coding for SSAT (also named NATA ‐AcetylTransferase Activity). Combining kinetics, HPLC‐MS crystallography, we show that three plant SSATs, from lower moss Physcomitrium patens two higher Zea mays , acetylate various aliphatic polyamines amino acids lysine (Lys) ornithine (Orn). Thus, SSATs exhibit a broad substrate specificity, unlike more specific human (hSSATs) hSSAT1 targets polyamines, whereas hSSAT2 acetylates Lys thiaLys. The crystal structures PpSSAT ternary complexes, with CoA, other acetyl‐CoA polyethylene glycol (mimicking spermine), reveal different binding mode polyamine versus acid substrates accompanied structural rearrangements both coenzyme enzyme. Two arginine residues, unique among hold carboxyl group substrates. most abundant acetylated compound accumulated was 6 ‐acetyl‐Lys, 5 ‐acetyl‐Orn, known be toxic aphids, found maize. Both species very low polyamines. present study provides detailed biochemical basis enzymes can wide range likely play roles planta .

Language: Английский

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Physiological and Antioxidant Response to Different Water Deficit Regimes of Flag Leaves and Ears of Wheat Grown under Combined Elevated CO2 and High Temperature

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(18), P. 2384 - 2384

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Triticum aestivum L. cv. Gazul is a spring wheat widely cultivated in Castilla y León (Spain). Potted plants were grown scenario emulating the climate change environmental conditions expected by end of this century, i.e., with elevated CO2 and high temperature under two water deficit regimes: long (LWD) terminal (TWD). Changes biomass morphology, content proline (Pro), ascorbate (AsA) glutathione (GSH), enzymatic antioxidant activities analyzed flag leaves ears. Additionally, leaf gas exchange was measured. LWD caused decrease AsA but an increase Pro catalase GSH reductase leaves, whereas TWD produced no significant changes. Photosynthesis enhanced both regimes. Increase superoxide dismutase activity only observed ears TWD. The lack more acute effect on organs attributed to ROS relieving CO2. acted as drought tolerant variety anisohydric behavior. A multifactorial analysis showed better adaptation than underlining importance finding for breeding programs improve grain yield future change.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Climate Change Effects on Wheat Production under Different Representative Concentration Pathway Scenarios in North Kazakhstan

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 293 - 293

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

Adverse weather conditions, once rare anomalies, are now becoming increasingly commonplace, causing heavy losses to crops and livestock. One of the most immediate far-reaching concerns is potential impact on agricultural productivity global food security. Although studies combining crop models future climate data have been previously carried out, such research work in Central Asia limited international literature. The current aims harness predictive capabilities CRAFT (CCAFS Regional Agricultural Forecasting Toolbox) predict comprehend ramifications stemming from three distinct RCPs, 2.6, 4.5, 8.5, wheat yield. As a result, arid steppe zone was found be sensitive an increase greenhouse gases atmosphere, since yield difference between RCPs 2.6 8.5 accounted for almost 110 kg/ha (16.4%) 77.1 (10.4%) 4.5 followed by small hilly with average loss 90.1 58.5 2.6–8.5 4.5–8.5, respectively. findings indicated more than 10% zone, 7.6% 7.5% forest 6% colo due change if modeled RCP scenario occurs without any technological modernization genetic modification. failure North Kazakhstan region 25.2, 59.5, 84.7 2.6–4.5, 2.6–8.5, respectively, which could lead disasters at regional scale. Overall, using DSSAT modeling system, combined predictions, showed great assessing effects under different scenarios region. We believe that results obtained will helpful during development zoning modified, drought-resistant varieties cultivation new

Language: Английский

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Priming with Small Molecule-Based Biostimulants to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1287 - 1287

Published: May 11, 2022

Biostimulants became a hotspot in the fight to alleviate consequences of abiotic stresses crops. Due their complex nature, it is challenging obtain stable and reproducible final products more define mechanism action. As an alternative, small molecule-based biostimulants, such as polyamines have promoted plant growth improved stress tolerance. However, profound research about mechanisms action still missing. To go further, we tested effect putrescine (Put) its precursor ornithine (Orn) degradation product 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP) at two different concentrations (0.1 1 mM) seed priming on vitro Arabidopsis seedlings grown under optimal conditions, osmotic or salt stress. None primings affected conditions but altered metabolism plants. Under almost all primed plants grew better greenness. Only Orn-primed showed responses. Interestingly, metabolic analysis revealed implication N- acetylornithine Orn polyamine conjugation leading player regulating development control conditions. We corroborated very powerful biostimulants adverse effects.

Language: Английский

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Securing maize reproductive success under drought stress by harnessing CO2 fertilization for greater productivity

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Securing maize grain yield is crucial to meet food and energy needs for the future growing population, especially under frequent drought events elevated CO 2 (eCO ) due climate change. To maximize kernel setting rate stress a key strategy in battling against negative impacts. Firstly, we summarize major limitations leaf source sink stress, identified that loss mainly attributed reduced set. Reproductive tolerance can be realized by collective contribution with greater assimilate import into ear, more available sugars ovary silk use, higher capacity remobilize reserve. As such, utilization of fertilization improved photosynthesis reserve remobilization coping change condition. We propose optimizing planting methods mining natural genetic variation still need done continuously, meanwhile, virtue advanced engineering plant phenomics tools, breeding program photosynthetic efficiency varieties adapted eCO accelerated. Consequently, stabilizing production achieved securing reproductive success harnessing fertilization.

Language: Английский

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Plant nucleoside N‐ribohydrolases: riboside binding and role in nitrogen storage mobilization

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 117(5), P. 1432 - 1452

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Cells save their energy during nitrogen starvation by selective autophagy of ribosomes and degradation RNA to ribonucleotides nucleosides. Nucleosides are hydrolyzed nucleoside N-ribohydrolases (nucleosidases, NRHs). Subclass I NRHs preferentially hydrolyzes the purine ribosides while subclass II is more active towards uridine xanthosine. Here, we performed a crystallographic kinetic study shed light on preferences among plant followed in vivo metabolomic phenotyping analyses reveal consequences enhanced breakdown. We report crystal structure Zea mays NRH2b (subclass II) NRH3 I) complexes with substrate analog forodesine. Purine pyrimidine catabolism inseparable because nucleobase binding site ZmNRH mediated via water network thus unspecific. Dexamethasone-inducible overexpressor lines Arabidopsis thaliana, as well double nrh knockout moss Physcomitrium patents, fine control adenosine contrast other ribosides. display an accelerated early vegetative phase including faster root rosette growth upon or osmotic stress. Moreover, enter bolting flowering much earlier. observe changes pathways related nitrogen-containing compounds such β-alanine several polyamines, which allow plants reprogram metabolism escape Taken together, crop breeding targeting NRH-mediated recycling could therefore be strategy enhance tolerance productivity under adverse conditions.

Language: Английский

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