Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: Feb. 6, 2023
Climate change has escalated the effect of drought on crop production as it negatively altered environmental condition. Wild watermelon grows abundantly in Kgalagadi desert even though environment is characterized by minimal rainfall, high temperatures and intense sunshine during growing season. This area also sandy soils with low water holding capacity, thus bringing about stress. Drought stress affects productivity through its effects development physiological functions dictated molecular responses. Not only one or two process genes are responsible for tolerance, but a combination various factors do work together to aid tolerance mechanism. Various studies have shown that wild possess superior qualities survival unfavorable conditions. These mechanisms include resilient root growth, timely stomatal closure, chlorophyll fluorescence quenching under deficit key At biochemical level, responds citrulline accumulation expression associated this species other plants. Previous salinity involving plants identified some these (chloroplast APX, Type-2 metallothionein), be tolerance. Emerging evidence indicates upstream functional transcription factor regulates responses well adaptation. In review we discuss watermelons common indicators at physiological, level.
Language: Английский
Citations
14
Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: July 19, 2023
Introduction Osmotic imbalance is one of the major consequences drought stress, negatively affecting plant growth and productivity. Acetic acid has modulatory roles in osmotic balance plants; however, mechanistic insights into acetic acid-mediated adjustment under stress remains largely unknown. Methods Here, we investigated how seed priming seedling root treatment with enabled maize plants overcoming polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced effects. Results Maize seeds primed showed better performance when compared unprimed PEG application. This was mainly attributed to improved traits, such as fresh weight, dry length shoots roots, several leaf spectral indices, including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) chlorophyll absorption reflectance (MCARI). The levels oxidative indicators hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ) malondialdehyde (MDA) did not alter significantly among treatments, but proline content well expression biosynthetic gene, Δ1-PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHETASE 1 ( P5CS1 elevated receiving PEG-treatments. On other hand, treating seedlings led a significant recovery from drought-induced wilting. Although traits remained unchanged enhancement water content, photosynthetic rate, level, , antioxidant enzyme activities along reduced level H MDA acid-supplemented indicated positive regulatory role tolerance drought. Moreover, high subsequent elevation upon application were further validated using wild type mutant p5cs1 Arabidopsis. that maintain phenotypic appearance than plants, suggesting crosstalk between metabolism stress. Discussion Our results highlight molecular intrinsic mechanisms conferring
Language: Английский
Citations
14
Agricultural Water Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 108675 - 108675
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
This study was conducted to investigate the mechanisms of assimilate distribution and sugar metabolism in spike-stem that inhibit formation fertile florets grains per spike winter wheat under pre-reproductive drought stress. Two cultivars, CH58 (relatively strongly tolerant) LH6 weakly tolerant), were subjected successive soil treatments from jointing heading during 2020–2022 growing seasons. The results showed stress intensified degradation abortion florets. Compared CH58, decrease number increased by an average 5.3%−8.0% 8.3%−9.0%, respectively. Drought significantly inhibited 13C-photosynthates spikes (15.7%−24.7%) stems (8.5%−11.7%) booting stage. differentially expressed genes enriched starch sucrose metabolic pathways much higher stem than those CH58. reduced hexose young but fructan concentrations stems. LH6, invertase activity accompanying high expression transporter protein (STP) contributed utilization spikes. Additionally, severe drought, concentration transport proteins (SWEET SUT) improved ability assimilates thus alleviated loss grain spike. Exogenous spermidine optimized allocation after stress, thereby increasing Overall, dominant utilize compete for between contribute resistance stress-induced reduction chemicals can regulate through this pathway, promoting number.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8229 - 8229
Published: July 28, 2024
Drought significantly challenges global food security, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of plant molecular responses for effective mitigation strategies. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone are key in regulating genes hormones essential drought response. While microRNAs (miRNAs) primarily regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, they can also interact with epigenetic pathways potential effectors that influence chromatin remodeling. Although the role miRNAs memory is still being explored, their contribution to response requires examining these indirect effects on modifications. A aspect this exploration drought-adapted plants, offering insights into transgenerational inheritance adaptive traits. Understanding mechanisms govern maintenance erasure imprints provides nuanced how plants balance stability flexibility epigenomes. major focus dynamic interaction between hormonal pathways—such those abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, jasmonates, salicylic (SA)—and mechanisms. This interplay crucial fine-tuning during stress, leading physiological morphological adaptations enhance resilience. review highlights transformative advanced technologies, bisulfite sequencing CRISPR-Cas9, providing water deficit conditions. These technologies pave way developing drought-tolerant crops, which vital sustainable agriculture.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 2228 - 2228
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
Drought is an increasingly critical global challenge, significantly impacting agricultural productivity, food security, and ecosystem stability. As climate change intensifies the frequency severity of drought events, innovative strategies are essential to enhance plant resilience sustain systems. This review explores vital role beneficial microbes in conferring tolerance, focusing on Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), mycorrhizal fungi, endophytes, actinomycetes, cyanobacteria. These microorganisms mitigate stress through diverse mechanisms, including osmotic adjustment, enhancement root architecture, modulation phytohormones, induction antioxidant defenses, regulation stress-responsive gene expression. Ecological innovations leveraging these have demonstrated significant potential bolstering resilience. Strategies such as soil microbiome engineering, bioaugmentation, integration microbial synergies within pest management frameworks sustainability. Additionally, advancements practices, seed coating, amendments, development consortia, precision agriculture technologies, validated effectiveness scalability interventions farming Despite promising advancements, several challenges hinder widespread adoption solutions. Environmental variability can affect performance, necessitating robust adaptable strains. Scale-up commercialization hurdles, economic constraints, regulatory safety considerations also pose barriers. Furthermore, complex interactions between microbes, plants, their environments require a deeper understanding optimize benefits consistently. Future research should focus integrating cutting-edge technologies genomics, synthetic biology, refine interventions. Collaborative efforts among academia, industry, government bridge gap practical implementation. By addressing harnessing innovations, it possible develop resilient sustainable systems capable thriving water-scarce world.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 122555 - 122555
Published: July 31, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Crop Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 65(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract There is growing demand across the turfgrass industry for turfgrasses that require minimal watering. St. Augustinegrass [ Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze], a warm‐season favored in southeastern United States its shade tolerance and vigorous stoloniferous growth, falls short drought resistance. Integrating genomic conventional breeding methodologies could accelerate introduction of cultivars thrive with less water. In this study, population derived from cross lines XSA10098 XSA10127 was evaluated resistance field trials, where percent green cover normalized difference vegetation index were collected by unmanned aerial vehicle‐based phenotyping. A multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approach identified 22 QTL, overlapping regions on linkage groups 1, 2, 4, 9 between previous studies. addition, detailed transcriptomic analysis roots two genotypes contrasting responses revealed 1642 2669 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) drought‐tolerant drought‐sensitive genotypes, respectively. Gene Ontology Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes classification showed different pathways adopted response to stress. Moreover, integration QTL analyses five DEGs co‐localized regions, which exhibit great value potentially serve as targets facilitate marker‐assisted selection. The findings study contribute deeper understanding genetic basis Augustinegrass, facilitating development more robust strategies enhancing resilience important species.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 460 - 460
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Agricultural drought is a condition that threatens natural ecosystems, water security, and food security. The timely identification of an agricultural event essential to mitigating its effects. However, achieving reliable accurate assessment challenging due the interannual variability precipitation in region. Therefore, objective this study was identify months with during cycle maize crop (Zea mays L.) Atlacomulco Rural Development District (ARDD) as area using SPI SPEI indices their impact on each phenological stage. results show when analyzing historical period (1985–2017), ARDD region prone droughts duration one month. stages grain filling ripening were most vulnerable, since SPEI-1 quantify 25% 31% total occur those stages, respectively. Towards 2041–2080 horizon, MCG ACCESS-ESM1-5 SSP2-4.5 scenario identified occurrence dry periods 17% 20% by SPEI, respectively, while for SSP5-8.5, 22% number corresponded Greater recurrence will be observed future, specifically after year 2061, meaning increase frequency events region, causing difficult erratic productive conditions threatening sustainable development. it necessary take action mitigate effects climate change sector.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 661 - 661
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Effective nutrient management is essential for boosting maize yield and quality tackling factors that limit or reduce productivity. The Crop Environment Resource Synthesis (CERES)-Maize model embedded in the Decision Support Systems Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) cropping system (CSM), known its accurate predictions, serves as a valuable tool guiding agricultural decisions, particularly management, offering an efficient alternative to traditional long term field trials. This systematic review consolidates current knowledge on practices using CERES-Maize model, providing insights benefit researchers, agronomists, policymakers, farmers. By leveraging crop system, soil carbon nitrogen, daily water balance models with crop/land options, accurately predicts effect of growth, yield, environmental impacts. enables evaluation diverse strategies improve productivity sustainability.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0