Genome-wide association mapping for stay-green and stem reserve mobilization traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under combined heat and drought stress

PROTOPLASMA, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Genome-wide association study unravels genomic regions associated with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different sowing conditions

Plant Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(9), P. 1453 - 1472

Published: June 20, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Deciphering the genetic landscape of seedling drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through genome-wide association studies

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 4, 2024

Wheat is an important cereal crop constrained by several biotic and abiotic stresses including drought stress. Understating the effect of stress genetic basis tolerance to develop resilient, high-yielding wheat cultivars. In this study, we investigated effects on seedling characteristics in association panel consisting 198 germplasm lines. Our findings revealed that had a detrimental all under investigation with maximum shoot length (50.94% reduction) minimum germination percentage (7.9% reduction). To gain deeper understanding, conducted genome-wide analysis using 12,511 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which led identification 39 marker-trait associations (MTAs). Of these MTAs, 13 were particularly noteworthy as they accounted for >10% phenotypic variance LOD score >5. These high-confidence MTAs further utilized extract 216 candidate gene (CGs) models within 1 Mb regions. Gene annotation functional characterization identified 83 CGs relevance genes encoded WD40 repeat domain, Myb/SANT-like WSD1-like BTB/POZ Protein kinase Cytochrome P450, Leucine-rich domain superfamily, BURP Calmodulin-binding protein60, Ubiquitin-like etc. Findings from study hold significant promise breeders provide direct assistance selecting lines harboring favorable alleles improved tolerance. Additionally, SNPs will enable marker-assisted selection potential genomic regions associated enhanced wheat.

Language: Английский

---

TabHLH27 orchestrates root growth and drought tolerance to enhance water use efficiency in wheat

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66(7), P. 1295 - 1312

Published: May 2, 2024

ABSTRACT Cultivating high‐yield wheat under limited water resources is crucial for sustainable agriculture in semiarid regions. Amid scarcity, plants activate drought response signaling, yet the delicate balance between tolerance and development remains unclear. Through genome‐wide association studies transcriptome profiling, we identified a atypical basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), TabHLH27‐A1, as promising quantitative trait locus candidate both relative root dry weight spikelet number per spike wheat. TabHLH27‐A1/B1/D1 knock‐out reduced tolerance, yield, use efficiency (WUE). TabHLH27‐A1 exhibited rapid induction with polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment, gradually declining over days. It activated stress genes such TaCBL8‐B1 TaCPI2‐A1 while inhibiting growth like TaSH15‐B1 TaWRKY70‐B1 short‐term PEG stimulus. The distinct transcriptional regulation of involved diverse interacting factors TaABI3‐D1 TabZIP62‐D1. Natural variations influence its responses to stress, Hap‐II associated stronger larger system, more spikelets, higher WUE Significantly, excellent was selected during breeding process China, introgression allele improved grain especially water‐limited conditions. Our study highlights TabHLH27‐A1's role balancing providing genetic manipulation enhancing

Language: Английский

---

Novel Strategies for Designing Climate‐Smart Crops to Ensure Sustainable Agriculture and Future Food Security

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: March 31, 2025

ABSTRACT To fulfil food and nutritional demand for nine billion people by the mid‐21st century, global production must increase 60% regardless of challenges such as environmental pollution, water scarcity land degradation. Climate change exacerbates frequency intensity biotic abiotic stresses, which, in turn, severely compromise crop yields, jeopardize supply, deteriorate sustainable development goals achieving safety, limit climate‐smart production. Current consumption practices negatively influence environment, posing a major threat to ecosystem human health. Addressing these critical issues achieve agriculture necessitates designing future crops employing cutting‐edge breeding strategies enhanced productivity with minimal footprints. This endeavour requires comprehensive understanding plant stress adaptation, signalling pathways mitigation mechanisms. In this review, we first explain diverse impacts ongoing climate events on Subsequently, outline various tackle change, including agronomic practices, advanced technologies physiological molecular mechanisms tolerance. We also discuss engineering superior tolerance disease resistance nurturing healthy microbial partnerships between plants soil ensure nutrition security current populations amidst mounting challenges.

Language: Английский

---

QTL mapping: insights into genomic regions governing component traits of yield under combined heat and drought stress in wheat

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Drought and heat frequently co-occur during crop growth leading to devastating yield loss. The knowledge of the genetic loci governing component traits under combined drought stress is essential for enhancing climate resilience. present study employed a mapping population 180 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from cross between GW322 KAUZ identify quantitative trait (QTLs) conditions. Phenotypic evaluation was conducted across two consecutive seasons (2021–2022 2022–2023) late sown irrigation (LSIR) restricted (LSRI) conditions at Indian Council Agricultural Research Institute–Indian Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi. Various physiological agronomic importance were measured. Genotyping carried out with 35K SNP Axiom breeder’s genotyping array. linkage map spanned length 6769.45 cM, ranging 2.28 cM/marker in 1A 14.21 5D. A total 35 QTLs identified 14 chromosomes 6B containing highest (seven) number QTLs. Out QTLs, 16 major explaining phenotypic variance greater than 10%. eight stable along hotspots on 5B. Five associated thousand-grain weight (TGW), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), plant height (PH) successfully validated. Candidate genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, transcription factors, growth-related proteins QTL regions. In silico expression analysis highlighted higher transcripts TraesCS2D02G021000.1, TraesCS2D02G031000, TraesCS6A02G247900, TraesCS6B02G421700 These findings contribute deeper understanding architecture underlying tolerance wheat, providing valuable insights wheat improvement strategies changing climatic

Language: Английский

---

Single nuclei multiomics reveals the drought-driven gene regulatory atlas in Arabidopsis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The regulation of gene expression in plant responses to drought has been thoroughly investigated previous studies. Despite this, a detailed understanding the cell type-specific regulatory mechanisms, encompassing multi-layered biological processes, is lacking. In this study, we report use single-nucleus multiomic analysis Arabidopsis seedlings response stress. Our single-nuclei RNA (snRNA) delineated 14 distinct clusters representing major root and shoot types discovered new markers. Integration snRNA with ATAC (snATAC) data leaf epidermis, endodermis, guard cells revealed accessible chromatin regions (ACRs)-linked genes predominantly enriched pathways responsive drought, heat, light. Motif enrichment network (GRN) inference highlighted key transcription factors (TFs) networks related ethylene signaling endodermis as well circadian rhythms both cells. Pseudotime identified critical transcriptomic progression from metabolic process stress within three types. Overall, study elucidates drought-related mechanisms at single-cell resolution, providing valuable insights into fundamental events involved responses. It also serves reference for future investigations crop plants.

Language: Английский

---

Genome-wide analysis for root and leaf architecture traits associated with drought tolerance at the seedling stage in a highly ecologically diverse wheat population

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 870 - 882

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Drought stress occurred at early growth stages in wheat affecting the following stages. Therefore, selecting promising drought-tolerant genotypes with highly adapted traits seedling stage is an important task for breeders and geneticists. Few research efforts were conducted on genetic control drought-adaptive wheat. In this study, a set of 146 diverse spring core collections representing 28 different countries was evaluated under drought stage. All exposed to 13 days by water withholding. Leaf including length, leaf wilting, area, rolling scored. Moreover, root such as maximum width, emergence angle, tip number roots Considerable significant variation found among all tested these experiments. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.74 (leaf witling) 0.99 (root angle). A nine selected considered genotypes. Among traits, shoot length had correlations stress. genotyped using Infinium Wheat 15 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array diversity arrays technology (DArT) marker platform. result genotyping revealed 12,999 SNPs 2,150 DArT markers which used run genome-wide association study (GWAS). results GWAS 169 associated Out markers, 82 major QTLs. 95 candidate genes identified 53 showing evidence tolerance wheat, while remaining novel. No shared between traits. provided mapping novel new Also, could future breeding programs not only improving adaptive but also expanding diversity.

Language: Английский

---

Reviewing the essential roles of remote phenotyping, GWAS and explainable AI in practical marker-assisted selection for drought-tolerant winter wheat breeding

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 18, 2024

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) plays a crucial role in crop breeding improving the speed and precision of conventional programmes by quickly reliably identifying selecting plants with desired traits. However, efficacy MAS depends on several prerequisites, precise phenotyping being key aspect any plant programme. Recent advancements high-throughput remote phenotyping, facilitated unmanned aerial vehicles coupled to machine learning, offer non-destructive efficient alternative traditional, time-consuming, labour-intensive methods. Furthermore, relies knowledge marker-trait associations, commonly obtained through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), understand complex traits such as drought tolerance, including yield components phenology. GWAS has limitations that artificial intelligence (AI) been shown partially overcome. Additionally, AI its explainable variants, which ensure transparency interpretability, are increasingly used recognised problem-solving tools throughout process. Given these rapid technological advancements, this review provides an overview state-of-the-art methods processes underlying each MAS, from genotyping analyses integration along entire workflow. In context, we specifically address challenges importance winter wheat for greater tolerance stable yields, regional droughts during critical developmental stages pose threat production. Finally, explore transition scientific progress practical implementation discuss ways bridge gap between cutting-edge developments breeders, expediting MAS-based tolerance.

Language: Английский

---

Unraveling the genetic basis of heat tolerance and yield in bread wheat: QTN discovery and Its KASP-assisted validation

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a globally significant cereal crop and staple food, faces major production challenges due to abiotic stresses such as heat stress (HS), which pose threat global food security. To address this, diverse panel of 126 wheat genotypes, primarily landraces, was evaluated across twelve environments in India, comprising three locations, two years growing conditions. The study aimed identify genetic markers associated with key agronomic traits bread wheat, including germination percentage (GERM_PCT), ground cover (GC), days booting (DTB), heading (DTHD), flowering (DTFL), maturity (DTMT), plant height (PH), grain yield (GYLD), thousand weight (TGW), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) under both timely late-sown conditions using 35 K SNP genotyping assays. Multi-locus GWAS (ML-GWAS) employed detect marker-trait associations, identified were further validated Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP). Six ML-GWAS models for this purpose, leading identification 42 highly consistent quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) late sown conditions, controlled by 20 SNPs, explaining 3–58% total phenotypic variation. Among these, noteworthy QTNs QTN (qtn_nbpgr_GYLD_3B) on chromosome 3B, pleiotropic AX-95018072 7A influencing phenology NDVI, robust TGW chromosomes 2B (qtn_nbpgr_TGW_2B), 1A (qtn_nbpgr_TGW_1A), 4B (qtn_nbpgr_TGW_4B). Furthermore, annotation revealed that candidate genes near these encoded stress-responsive proteins, chaperonins, glycosyl hydrolases, signaling molecules. Additionally, SNPs (7A), AX-94946941 (6B), AX-95232570 (1B) successfully KASP assay. Our effectively uncovered novel linked tolerance yield-related through an extensive approaches. These not only corresponded previously QTLs but also highlighted several new loci, broadening existing understanding. findings provide valuable insights into basis offer genomic resources, could accelerate marker-assisted breeding development next-generation heat-resilient cultivars.

Language: Английский

---