Exploring physiological and molecular dynamics of drought stress responses in plants: challenges and future directions

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 24, 2025

Plants face multifactorial environmental stressors mainly due to global warming and climate change which affect their growth, metabolism, productivity. Among them, is drought stress alters intracellular water relations, photosynthesis, ion homeostasis elevates reactive oxygen species eventually reduce growth yields. In addition, soil physicochemical properties beneficial microbiota are critical for plant survival. Recent reports have shown that increasing the occurrence intensity of in many regions world, has become a primary concern crop productivity, ecophysiology food security. To develop ideas strategies protecting plants against harmful effects meeting future demand under climatic calamities an in-depth understanding molecular regulatory pathways governing responses imperative. parallel, more research needed understand how changes features soil, particularly microbiomes, as microorganisms can withstand faster than plants, could assist them recover. this review we first discuss effect on microbiomes. How affects microbe interactions other microbe-driven traits was also highlighted. Next, focused sense undergo biochemical reprogramming from root shoot regulate diverse adaptive traits. For instance, role calcium (Ca 2+ ), (ROS) abscisic acid (ABA) modulating different cellular like stomata functioning, osmotic adjustment, We provide update hormones signaling crosstalk allows fine tune during stress. Further, discussed recurrent exposure leads development short-term memory survive stresses. Lastly, application omics biotechnological-based mitigating approaches combat sustainable agriculture. This offers deeper multiple factors related be useful improvement programs.

Language: Английский

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Single nuclei multiomics reveals the drought-driven gene regulatory atlas in Arabidopsis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The regulation of gene expression in plant responses to drought has been thoroughly investigated previous studies. Despite this, a detailed understanding the cell type-specific regulatory mechanisms, encompassing multi-layered biological processes, is lacking. In this study, we report use single-nucleus multiomic analysis Arabidopsis seedlings response stress. Our single-nuclei RNA (snRNA) delineated 14 distinct clusters representing major root and shoot types discovered new markers. Integration snRNA with ATAC (snATAC) data leaf epidermis, endodermis, guard cells revealed accessible chromatin regions (ACRs)-linked genes predominantly enriched pathways responsive drought, heat, light. Motif enrichment network (GRN) inference highlighted key transcription factors (TFs) networks related ethylene signaling endodermis as well circadian rhythms both cells. Pseudotime identified critical transcriptomic progression from metabolic process stress within three types. Overall, study elucidates drought-related mechanisms at single-cell resolution, providing valuable insights into fundamental events involved responses. It also serves reference for future investigations crop plants.

Language: Английский

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Comparative transcriptomic and phenotypic analysis of monoclonal and polyclonal Populus deltoides genotypes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Populus species are highly valued for bioenergy and bioproducts due to their rapid growth productivity. Polyclonal plantings, or mixtures of clones, have shown the potential enhance resource utilization productivity, likely phenotypic differences arising from niche differentiation. In this study, we investigated gene expression productivity in monoclonal polyclonal stands P. deltoides . Phenotypic results showed that plots exhibited higher leaf area index (LAI; p < 0.01, 2.96 ± 0.057 m 2 ) total biomass (p 2.74 0.06) compared plots, indicating superior RNA sequencing revealed upregulation key genes such as exocyst subunit exo70 family protein H7 (EXO70H7) , NDH-dependent cyclic electron flow 5 (NDF5) expansin-like A3 ( EXLA3 ). We also observed enrichment phenylalanine metabolism other secondary metabolic pathways clone S7C8. results, upregulated enriched biological identified study may explain enhanced increased nitrate content, expanded canopy plantings. Overall, provides a foundation future research forest by linking molecular mechanisms practical applications field

Language: Английский

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Intrinsic and extrinsic regulatory mechanisms of Pseudomonas palleroniana GZNU148 for enhancing Themeda japonica tolerance to drought stress

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Hypoglycin A in Acer genus plants

Toxicon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 234, P. 107271 - 107271

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Pyramiding of transcription factor, PgHSF4, and stress-responsive genes of p68, Pg47, and PsAKR1 impart multiple abiotic stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and heat stress significantly affect rice crop growth production. Under uncertain climatic conditions, the concurrent multiple abiotic at different stages of production became a major challenge for agriculture. Hence, improving rice’s tolerance is essential to overcome unprecedented challenges under adverse environmental conditions. A significant breeding programs in involves traits their complexity. Multiple must be targeted improve uncover mechanisms. With this hypothesis, present study gene stacking approach used integrate involved tolerance. The multigene transgenics co-expressing Pennisetum glaucum 47 ( Pg47) , Pea 68 p68) Heat Shock Factor 4(PgHSF4) Pseudomonas Aldo Keto Reductase 1 PsAKR1 ) genes genotype (AC39020) were developed using in-planta transformation method. promising transgenic lines maintained higher yields semi-irrigated aerobic cultivation (moisture stress). These 15 seedlings showed improved shoot root accelerating aging, temperature, oxidative stress. They better physiological characteristics, chlorophyll content, membrane stability, lower accumulation reactive oxygen species, than wild-type. Enhanced expression transgenes other stress-responsive downstream HSP70, SOD, APX, SOS, PP2C P5CS suggest possible molecular mechanism imparting This proved that novel strategy induce several mechanisms responsible stresses. combination can potentially conditions pave way developing climate-resilient crops.

Language: Английский

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Tree species and drought: Two mysterious long‐standing counterparts

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(6)

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Abstract Around 252 million years ago (Late Permian), Earth experienced one of its most significant drought periods, coinciding with a global climate crisis, resulting in devastating loss forest trees no hope recovery. In the current epoch (Anthropocene), worsening stress is expected to significantly affect communities. Despite extensive efforts, there less research at molecular level on than annual crop species. Would it not be wise allocate equal efforts woody species, regardless their importance providing essential furniture and sustaining terrestrial ecosystems? For instance, poplar genome roughly quadruple size Arabidopsi s has 1.6 times number genes. Thus, massive effort genomic studies focusing become inevitable understand adaptation harsh conditions. Nevertheless, emerging role development high‐throughput DNA sequencing systems, growing body literature about responses under eco‐physiological levels. Therefore, synthesizing these findings through contextualizing history concepts understanding how species adapt water‐limited Comprehensive critical for preserving biodiversity ecosystem function. Integrating insights analysis will enhance management change.

Language: Английский

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Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence Markers in Horticultural Crops: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 2598 - 2598

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

DNA markers have broad applications, including marker-assisted selection (MAS) for breeding new cultivars. Currently, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) become a preferred choice of molecular geneticists and breeders. They offer many advantages, such as high abundance coverage in the genome, codominant inheritance, locus specificity, flexibility high-throughput genotyping/detection formats, they are relatively inexpensive. The availability reference genome sequences enables precise identification candidate genes SNPs associated with trait interest through quantitative loci mapping genome-wide association studies. Such can be converted into their application MAS crop programs. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) amplify short genomic around endonuclease restriction site. This review provides insight recent advancements made development CAPS several horticultural plants. We discussed tools that aid faster more accurate design from whole resequencing data. developed immense germplasm screening field trials, mapping, identifying genes, important traits disease resistance, fruit quality morphology, genetic purity.

Language: Английский

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