Phytoremediation: Harnessing plant power and innovative technologies for effective soil remediation

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100578 - 100578

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Just FIND‐IT: Harnessing the true power of induced mutagenesis

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 3051 - 3053

Published: July 9, 2024

In nature, genetic variation occurs in every population and results the evolution of a diversity new properties, some which promote survival species. To accelerate nature's based on diversity, plant breeders may induce additional mutations to raise number variations increasing chances obtain varieties with desired traits like improved nutritive quality, yields resilience biotic abiotic stress factors. Induced mutagenesis chemical mutagens is considered non-GM has been used barley (Hordeum vulgare) for decades (Hansson et al., 2024). Reverse techniques including TILLING (Targeting Local Lesions Genomes) screening methodology more recently TILLING-by-sequencing spinoffs are tools identify individual variants valuable genomic alterations. However, these hampered by low mutation capacity. PCR-based technique designed detect mismatched single nucleotides target gene. 2023, Szarejko her research group Poland published thorough overview success stories within last 20 years (Szurman-Zubrzycka 2023) description populations different cultivars landraces obtained following (Figure 1a). The sizes range between 1372 9600 variants. frequencies individually chosen dose-dependent (1/154–1/2500 Kbp). When multiplied (# individuals × per individual), total present ranges 10 100 million This sound lot, but genome size around 4300 Mbp (here, RGT Planet; Jayakodi 2020), less than 2% entire mutated. severely reduces possibility find populations. FIND-IT technology approach overriding constraints. was Science Advances 2022 1b) (Knudsen 2022) provides an agile high-throughput screen unprecedented large chemically induced variant combines systematic sample pooling splitting high-sensitivity, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)–based genotyping targeted identification at single-nucleotide resolution. ddPCR 1000-fold sensitive conventional PCR. applicable any living organism that can be grown field or culture. experimental outlined detail Knudsen illustrated schematically Figure 1b. total, 500 000 plants today available screening. were also developed other crops microorganisms using sodium azide ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) as mutagens. Thus key sweet seeds white lupin (Mancinotti 2023), eliminate presence anti-nutritional saponins quinoa (Trinh 2024), improve phosphate bioavailability grain (Madsen avoid hydroxynitrile glucoside-derived formation pro-carcinogen carbamate whisky production S1; Jørgensen 2024) modify flavour profiles Saccharomyces species use industrial brewing (Stovisek pipeline knowledge mutant load spectrum doses monitored whole sequencing 1b; 2022). introduced found equally distributed over seven chromosomes higher observed increased mutagen doses. Thus, libraries generated purposes: Medium (e.g. 1.7 mm treatment average 14 770 SNPs plant) gene-function analyses 0.3 5565 breeding whole-genome documents 15% transversions 85% transitions preference C > T G A 1c). Planet genome, 1900 Mb C's G's. Upon dose, randomly positioned each 8000 will transitions. Using technology, library collection 350 now analysed containing approximately = 2 800 1b). Because only harbours nucleotides, this means virtually all putative sites have saturated. saturated, their status shifts from being random become defined distinct one collection. Accordingly, grains carrying specific SNP gene identified many pools TaqMan™ assay You know there just FIND-IT. Compared existing cereal resources relation natural pan-genome accession panel, off-target pressure efficiently reduced backcrossing parent direct crosses elite commercial programmes. context, it noticed would typically adjusted comparable classical step two parents naturally genomes As proof principle, we demonstrated efficiency isolating knockout lines dozen amino acid exchanges miRNA promoter S2; Taking advantage fact non-GMO method, data directly verified growing 2022), important requirement validate crop (Khaipho-Burch 2023). current development high-quality allows strategies highly customized. While static regarding variant, CRISPR technologies still facing multiple challenges field-applicable (Cardi stays agile, offers high flexibility high-throughput, compatible today. regularly updated lines, customized winter versus spring libraries) while sensitivity keeps competitive. isolated line load, original implemented protocols lose during yield cycles providing fast market rollout novel traits. We thank Carlsberg Foundation funding support: grant: CF14-0461 (to B.L.M.) CF15-0236 B.S.). authors not declared conflict interest. Data sharing article no datasets study. S1. Disentangling glucoside biosynthesis metabolon access malting barleys free production. S2. Barley selected agronomically evaluated. Please note: publisher responsible content functionality supporting information supplied authors. Any queries (other missing content) should directed corresponding author article.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing the Power of an Extensive EMS‐Induced Sorghum Population for Rapid Crop Improvement

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(4)

Published: July 1, 2024

Plant breeders leverage mutagenesis using chemical, biological, and physical mutagens to create novel trait variations. Many widely used sorghum genotypes have a narrow genetic base, which hinders improvements classical breeding. Enhancing the diversity of genome thus remains key priority for breeders. To accelerate enhancement sorghum, an extensive library comprised seeds from 150,000 individual mutant plants Sorghum bicolor inbred line BTx623 was established ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) as mutagen. The bulked into 1498 pools (~100 seed heads per pool). In each pool, DNA extracted subset screened FIND-IT technology based on droplet digital PCR. All 43 nucleotide substitutions that were identified, demonstrating potential identify any EMS-derived mutation in elite within days. This diverse represents largest collection mutants ever conceived, estimated cover 240% all possible EMS-induced points genome. Using FIND-IT, speed at specific desired can be identified is major upgrade conventional reverse techniques. Additionally, ease valuable variants integrated commercial lines far simpler less expensive process compared editing. Genomic variations will direct utility breeding resource applications, allowing enhanced adaptation climate change yield marginal environments.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing coffee diversity: Insights into the impact of sodium azide mutagenesis on quantitative and qualitative traits in Coffea arabica L

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 113043 - 113043

Published: March 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recovery of Novel Sequence Variants in Chemically Mutagenized Seed and Vegetatively Propagated Coffea arabica L.

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. 1077 - 1077

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

The negative effects of climate change impact both farmers and consumers. This is exemplified in coffee, one the most widely consumed beverages world. Yield loss high-quality Coffea arabica L., due to spread coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix), results lower income for subsistence volatile prices markets cafes. Genetic improvement crops a proven approach support sustainable production while mitigating biotic abiotic stresses simultaneously maintaining or improving quality. However, many species, including hindered by low genetic diversity. can be overcome inducing novel variation via treatment seeds cells with mutagens. To evaluate this mutant populations created incubating seed embryogenic calli chemical mutagens ethyl methanesulphonate sodium azide were subject reduced-representation DNA sequencing using ddRADseq approach. More than 10,000 variants recovered. Functional analysis revealed hundreds sequence changes predicted deleterious gene function. We discuss challenges unambiguously assigning these as being caused mutagenic describe purpose-built computational tools facilitate recovery from plant populations.

Language: Английский

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Phenotypic and genetic characterization of an Avena sativa L. germplasm collection of diverse origin: implications for food-oat breeding in Chile

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Oats are known for their nutritional value and also beneficial properties on human health, such as the reduction of cholesterol levels risk coronary heart disease; they an important export product Chile. During last decade (2010-2022) over 90% oat cultivated area in Chile has been covered with Avena sativa L. cv. Supernova INIA. This lack genetic diversity a context climate change could limit long-term possibility growing oats The present study is phenotypic analysis 132 cultivars pure lines diverse origin that can be considered potential breeding material. germplasm was evaluated 28 traits analyzed 14 SSR markers. effects genotypes phenotype were significant all ( P ≤ 0.05). Most exhibited moderate to high broad-sense heritability exceptions yield (H 2 = 0.27) hulls staining 0.32). Significant undesirable correlations between generally small biological importance, which auspicious achieving objectives. Some data provided here have not previously reported. overall (H’ 0.68 ± 0.18). grouped into three clusters, differing qualities breeding. Twenty-six outperforming INIA identified conventional food-oats. average (He 0.58 0.03), varying 0.32 (AM22) 0.77 (AME178). Two subpopulations supported by Structure algorithm distance 0.24, showing low divergence germplasm. values found this collection promising respect obtaining gain short term programs. However, similar diversity, higher better performance created compared foreign suggest harboring new will key favor quality long term.

Language: Английский

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TILLCANN: A TILLING platform inCannabis sativafor mutation discovery and crop improvement

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract Cultivation of Cannabis sativa is increasing because its therapeutic value and recognition as a multi-purpose sustainable crop. Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) versatile reverse genetics approach that unlocks induced variation through mutagenesis to accelerate the development new cultivars contribute functional validation genes. Increasingly efficient next-generation sequencing technologies genomic resources have combined make TILLING by (TbyS) an attractive technique can be applied cannabis. Here we describe protocol for C. TILLCANN platform composed 1,633 M2 families. As demonstration functionality platform, used TbyS perform high throughput screening novel mutations amplicons genes associated with important agronomic biochemical traits set 512 We confirmed 14 identified calculated average mutation frequency range 1/263 1/320 kb. found heterozygous mutants cannabis homologue Class II TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF ( TCP4 ) are linked alterations leaf number morphology. expect genetic variability unlocked performing forward or screens significantly boost breeding programs geared toward both medicinal industrial hemp. Gene & accession numbers Raw data generated this study was deposited at European Nucleotide Archive xxx xxx. Genes discussed within manuscript correspond cs10 genome assembly National Center Biotechnology Information GCA_900626175.2.

Language: Английский

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Transitioning from the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution: strengthening nutritional security using climate resilient traditional crops

Bulletin of the National Research Centre/Bulletin of the National Research Center, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2024

Abstract Background World food production has significantly increased, largely attributed to advancements in breeding methods pioneered previous decades. These can be categorized into three major eras—the pre-Green Revolution era, the Green and post-Green era—which we call Gene Revolution. The era was characterized by utilization of mutation forward genetics approaches. Main body (1950s–1980s) brought about improvements crop breeding, irrigation, fertilizer use, leading a substantial rise reduced rural poverty. However, focus primarily on yield, with less nutritional quality. After Revolution, wheat rice rapidly increased from 0.4–2 metric tonnes per hectare 2–4 due government initiatives. Nevertheless, cultivation other crops, including indigenous varieties millet, decreased. In while advanced genome editing technologies such as CRISPR‒Cas9 TALENs have enhanced content climate resilience there also been renewed reviving crops. Conclusion This review discusses bring these orphan nutria crops back emphasizes importance passing this knowledge future generations, ensuring their place sustainable agriculture security.

Language: Английский

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