Physiological and molecular mechanisms of nitrogen in alleviating drought stress in Phoebe bournei

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 26, 2025

To explore the mechanisms by which nitrogen alleviates drought stress in Phoebe bournei, this study integrated treatment with exogenous application to assess physiological characteristics and employed transcriptome sequencing decipher transcriptional responses. The results indicated that fertilizer mitigated leaf wilting P. bournei under significantly enhanced dry weight, fresh thickness, chlorophyll content. Furthermore, improved photosynthesis inhibiting stomatal closure, enhancing light energy absorption, accelerating electron transport PSII. 11 photosynthesis-related genes, including PFP, TRY, LQY, FTSH, FRO, CURT, PETF, ATPF, PETA, CRRSP, MEN 17 carbohydrate metabolism-associated such as PWD, GBE1, GAPA, PFKA, RFS, ISA, GLGC, PGK, ALDO, GUX, RX9, MIOX, HCT, BAM, MPFP, ERNI exhibited differential expression response nitrogen. Moreover, modulated plant hormone metabolism, 44 upregulated 14 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) primarily associated jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis signaling. These findings provide new insights into tolerance of context global climate change.

Language: Английский

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Plant-aphid interactions: recent trends in plant resistance to aphids

Stress Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract Aphids are highly destructive agricultural pests characterized by complex life cycles and phenotypic variability, facilitating their adaptation to diverse climates host plants. Their feeding behavior leads plant deformation, wilting, stunted growth, disease transmission, significant yield losses. Given the economic risks aphids pose, regular updates on seasonal behaviors, adaptive mechanisms, activities critical for improving management strategies mitigate crop This review comprehensively synthesizes recent studies as pests, extrinsic factors influencing cycles, intricate interactions between hosts. It also highlights advancements in biological control measures, including natural enemies, antibiosis, antixenosis. Additionally, we explore defense mechanisms against aphids, focusing roles of cell wall components such lignin, pectin callose deposition genetic regulations underlying these defenses. Aphids, however, can evolve specialized overcome general defenses, prompting development targeted plants, use resistance (R) genes specific aphid species. pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize compounds saliva, which triggers enhanced phloem sealing more focused immune responses. work enhances understanding aphid–plant interaction identifies key research gaps future studies.

Language: Английский

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Repeated global adaptation across plant species

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2024

Abstract Global adaptation occurs when all populations of a species undergo selection toward common optimum. This can occur by hard selective sweep with the emergence new globally advantageous allele that spreads throughout species’ natural range until reaching fixation. evolutionary process leaves temporary trace in region affected, which is detectable using population genomic methods. While sweeps have been identified many species, there few comparative and systematic studies genes involved global adaptation. Building upon recent findings showing repeated genetic basis local across independent we asked whether certain play more significant role driving plant species. To address this question, scanned genomes 17 to identify signals sweeps. Despite substantial distance between analysed, several gene families strong evidence positive selection. These tend be enriched for reduced pleiotropy, consistent predictions from Fisher’s model cost complexity hypothesis. We also found exhibit elevated levels duplication. Our contrast observations increased pleiotropy adaptation, based on theory migration-selection balance. Significance undergoes optimum its range. instances are widespread literature, shortage aimed at understanding architecture how it contrasts research compares uncover attributes loci repeatedly show tends rely characterized finding reflecting opposing dynamics underlying these two processes.

Language: Английский

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Glycomolecules: from “sweet immunity” to “sweet biostimulation”?

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Climate changes and environmental contaminants are daunting challenges that require an urgent change from current agricultural practices to sustainable agriculture. Biostimulants natural solutions adhere the principles of organic farming believed have low impacts on environment human health. Further, they may contribute reducing use chemical inputs while maintaining productivity in adverse environments. generally defined as formulated substances microorganisms showing benefits for plant growth, yield, rhizosphere function, nutrient-use efficiency, quality harvested products, or abiotic stress tolerance. These biosolutions categorized different subclasses. Several them enriched glycomolecules their oligomers. However, very few studies considered active molecules biostimulation a subclass own. Herein, we describe structure functions complex polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids relation defense biostimulation. We also discuss parallels between sugar-enhanced with introduce concept sweet glycostimulation.

Language: Английский

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Germline β−1,3-glucan deposits are required for female gametogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Correct regulation of intercellular communication is a fundamental requirement for cell differentiation. In Arabidopsis thaliana , the female germline differentiates from single somatic ovule that becomes encased in β−1,3-glucan, water insoluble polysaccharide implicated limiting pathogen invasion, regulating trafficking roots, and promoting pollen development. Whether β−1,3-glucan facilitates isolation development has remained contentious, since limited evidence available to support functional role. Here, transcriptional profiling adjoining cells revealed differences gene expression related metabolism signalling through channels (plasmodesmata). Dominant β−1,3-glucanase transiently perturbed deposits, allowed movement tracer molecules, led changes histone marks, eventually leading termination Our findings indicate fulfils role by insulating primary cell, thereby determines success downstream gametogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Molecular, phenotypic and histological analysis reveals a multi-tiered immune response and callose deposition in stone fruit rootstocks (Prunus spp.) against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) infection

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 324, P. 112588 - 112588

Published: Oct. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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Genomic Identification of Callose Synthase (CalS) Gene Family in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Comparative In Silico Expression Analysis under Aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) Infestation

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1393 - 1393

Published: June 27, 2024

Callose is widely present in higher plants and plays a significant role plant growth, development, response to various stresses. Although numerous studies have highlighted the importance of callose synthase (CalS) genes, their resistance sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) aphids (Melanaphis sacchari) remains limitedly understood. This study identified 11 genes (SbCalS), unevenly distributed across four chromosomes sorghum. All SbCalS proteins contain glucan Fks1 domains, with segmental duplication playing major gene diversification. Cis-element prediction revealed presence stress-responsive elements, indicating that this family primarily involved stress resistance. Using published RNA-seq data, we discovered differential expression SbCalS5 between resistant susceptible varieties. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis confirmed relative levels all members under aphid stress. To further verify sorghum, measured content both The results indicated critical particularly gene. provides reference for investigation into

Language: Английский

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Theanine enhances resistance to Botrytis cinerea in postharvest strawberry fruit via modulating cell-wall and phenylpropanoid metabolisms

Food Chemistry X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 101772 - 101772

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

Theanine (N-ethyl-γ-glutamine), as a unique non-protein amino acid, plays vital roles in abiotic stress resistance, while its biotic resistance are still unclear. Gray mold caused by

Language: Английский

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Effects of Varying Nano-ZnO Concentrations on the Physiology, Biochemistry, Root Exudate, and Root Microbial Community of Agrostis Stolonifera

Environmental Science Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study investigates the adsorption and transport of nano-ZnO in Agrostis stolonifera , focusing on its effects plant physiology, biochemistry, root exudate, microbial community.

Language: Английский

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Repeated global adaptation across plant species

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(52)

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Global adaptation occurs when all populations of a species undergo selection toward common optimum. This can occur by hard selective sweep with the emergence new globally advantageous allele that spreads throughout species’ natural range until reaching fixation. evolutionary process leaves temporary trace in region affected, which is detectable using population genomic methods. While sweeps have been identified many species, there few comparative and systematic studies genes involved global adaptation. Building upon recent findings showing repeated genetic basis local across independent we asked whether certain play more significant role driving plant species. To address this question, scanned genomes 17 to identify signals sweeps. Despite substantial distance between analyzed, several gene families strong evidence positive selection. These tend be enriched for reduced pleiotropy, consistent predictions from Fisher’s model cost complexity hypothesis. We also found exhibit elevated levels duplication. Our contrast observations increased pleiotropy adaptation, based on theory migration-selection balance.

Language: Английский

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