Investigating working memory updating processes of the human subcortex using 7T MRI DOI Open Access
Anne C. Trutti, Zsuzsika Sjoerds, Russell J. Boag

et al.

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

A growing body of research suggests that dopamine is involved in working memory updating and the striatum takes up a critical role subprocess gating (Braver & Cohen, 2000; Cools D’Esposito, 2011; D’Ardenne et al., 2012; Jongkees, 2020). In this study, we investigated subcortical–in particular, possible dopaminergic–involvement subprocesses using reference-back task ultra-high field 7 Tesla fMRI. Using scanning protocol optimized for BOLD-sensitivity subcortex, found no evidence subcortical activation during gate opening, predominantly activations frontoparietal network regions, which challenges idea striatal mechanism. However, closing, was observed. Furthermore, ready-to-update mode demonstrated large-spread activation, including basal ganglia nuclei, suggesting are engaged general processes rather than specifically controlling gate. Moreover, substituting new information into elicited dopamine-producing midbrain regions along with striatum, thalamus, prefrontal cortex, indicating engagement ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop possibly driven by (potential) dopaminergic activity. These findings expand our understanding updating, shifting focus from opening to substitution as midbrain-driven process.

Language: Английский

A model for learning based on the joint estimation of stochasticity and volatility DOI Creative Commons
Payam Piray, Nathaniel D. Daw

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 15, 2021

Abstract Previous research has stressed the importance of uncertainty for controlling speed learning, and how such control depends on learner inferring noise properties environment, especially volatility: change. However, learning rates are jointly determined by comparison between volatility a second factor, moment-to-moment stochasticity. Yet much previous focused simplified cases corresponding to estimation either factor alone. Here, we introduce model, in which both factors learned simultaneously from experience, use model simulate human animal data across many seemingly disparate neuroscientific behavioral phenomena. By considering full problem joint estimation, highlight set previously unappreciated issues, arising mutual interdependence inference about This complicates enriches interpretation results, as pathological individuals with anxiety following amygdala damage.

Language: Английский

Citations

109
Interoception of breathing and its relationship with anxiety DOI Creative Commons
Olivia K. Harrison,

Laura Köchli,

Stephanie Marino

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(24), P. 4080 - 4093.e8

Published: Oct. 22, 2021

Interoception, the perception of internal bodily states, is thought to be inextricably linked affective qualities such as anxiety. Although interoception spans sensory metacognitive processing, it not clear whether anxiety differentially related these processing levels. Here we investigated this question in domain breathing, using computational modeling and high-field (7 T) fMRI assess brain activity relating dynamic changes inspiratory resistance varying predictability. Notably, anterior insula was associated with both breathing-related prediction certainty errors, suggesting an important role representing updating models body. Individuals low versus moderate traits showed differential for certainty. Multi-modal analyses data from fMRI, assessments metacognition, questionnaires demonstrated that anxiety-interoception links span all levels perceptual sensitivity strong effects seen at higher interoceptive processes.

Language: Английский

Citations

108
Individual differences in computational psychiatry: A review of current challenges DOI Creative Commons
Povilas Karvelis, Martin P. Paulus, Andreea O. Diaconescu

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 105137 - 105137

Published: March 20, 2023

Bringing precision to the understanding and treatment of mental disorders requires instruments for studying clinically relevant individual differences. One promising approach is development computational assays: integrating models with cognitive tasks infer latent patient-specific disease processes in brain computations. While recent years have seen many methodological advancements modelling cross-sectional patient studies, much less attention has been paid basic psychometric properties (reliability construct validity) measures provided by assays. In this review, we assess extent issue examining emerging empirical evidence. We find that suffer from poor properties, which poses a risk invalidating previous findings undermining ongoing research efforts using assays study (and even group) provide recommendations how address these problems and, crucially, embed them within broader perspective on key developments are needed translating clinical practice.

Language: Английский

Citations

49
The architecture of the human default mode network explored through cytoarchitecture, wiring and signal flow DOI Creative Commons
Casey Paquola,

Margaret Garber,

Stefan Frässle

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Abstract The default mode network (DMN) is implicated in many aspects of complex thought and behavior. Here, we leverage postmortem histology vivo neuroimaging to characterize the anatomy DMN better understand its role information processing cortical communication. Our results show that cytoarchitecturally heterogenous, containing cytoarchitectural types are variably specialized for unimodal, heteromodal memory-related processing. Studying diffusion-based structural connectivity combination with cytoarchitecture, found contains regions receptive input from sensory cortex a core relatively insulated environmental input. Finally, analysis signal flow effective models showed unique amongst networks balancing output across levels hierarchies. Together, our study establishes an anatomical foundation which accounts broad plays human brain function cognition can be developed.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Imaging of the pial arterial vasculature of the human brain in vivo using high-resolution 7T time-of-flight angiography DOI Creative Commons
Saskia Bollmann, Hendrik Mattern, Michaël Bernier

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 29, 2022

The pial arterial vasculature of the human brain is only blood supply to neocortex, but quantitative data on morphology and topology these mesoscopic arteries (diameter 50–300 µm) remains scarce. Because it commonly assumed that flow velocities in vessels are prohibitively slow, non-invasive time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA)—which well suited high 3D imaging resolutions—has not been applied arteries. Here, we provide a theoretical framework outlines how TOF-MRA can visualize small vivo, by employing extremely voxels at size individual vessels. We then evidence for this theory 140 µm isotropic resolution using 7 Tesla (T) (MRI) scanner prospective motion correction, show one voxel width diameter be detected. conclude limited slow flow, instead achievable image resolution. This study represents first targeted, comprehensive account vivo brain. ultra-high-resolution will enable characterization vascular anatomy across investigate patterns relationships between functional architecture.

Language: Английский

Citations

45
Altered Perception of Environmental Volatility During Social Learning in Emerging Psychosis DOI Creative Commons
Daniel J. Hauke,

Michelle Wobmann,

Christina Andreou

et al.

Computational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 1 - 22

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Paranoid delusions or unfounded beliefs that others intend to deliberately cause harm are a frequent and burdensome symptom in early psychosis, but their emergence consolidation still remains opaque.Recent theories suggest overly precise prediction errors lead an unstable model of the world providing breeding ground for delusions.Here, we employ Bayesian approach test such investigate computational mechanisms underlying emerging paranoia.We modelled behaviour 18 first-episode psychosis patients (FEP), 19 individuals at clinical high risk (CHR-P), healthy controls (HC) during advice-taking task designed probe learning about others' changing intentions.We formulated competing hypotheses comparing standard Hierarchical Gaussian Filter (HGF), belief updating scheme, with mean-reverting HGF altered perception volatility.There was significant group-by-volatility interaction on suggesting CHR-P FEP displayed reduced adaptability environmental volatility.Model comparison favored HC, line perceiving increased volatility, although attributions were heterogeneous.We observed correlations between volatility positive symptoms generally as well frequency paranoid specifically.Our results characterised by different mechanism -perceiving environment increasingly volatile -in accounts psychosis.This may prove useful heterogeneity identify vulnerability transition psychosis.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
The human reward system encodes the subjective value of ideas during creative thinking DOI Creative Commons
Sarah Moreno-Rodriguez, Benoît Béranger, Emmanuelle Volle

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Creative thinking involves the evaluation of one's ideas in order to select best one, but cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Using a combination creativity rating tasks, study demonstrates that individuals attribute subjective values their ideas, as relative balance originality adequacy. This depends on individual preferences predicts individuals' creative abilities. functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we find Default Mode Executive Control Networks respectively encode adequacy human reward system encodes value. Interestingly, connectivity with correlates preferences. These results add valuation incomplete behavioral accounts creativity, offering perspectives influence Creativity tasks fMRI help unpack process thinking, revealing its substrates shedding light link between

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Introducing ActiveInference.jl: A Julia Library for Simulation and Parameter Estimation with Active Inference Models DOI Creative Commons

Samuel William Nehrer,

Jonathan Ehrenreich Laursen, Conor Heins

et al.

Entropy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 62 - 62

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

We introduce a new software package for the Julia programming language, library ActiveInference.jl. To make active inference agents with Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) generative models available to growing research community using Julia, we re-implemented pymdp Python. ActiveInference.jl is compatible cutting-edge libraries designed cognitive and behavioural modelling, as it used in computational psychiatry, science neuroscience. This means that POMDP can now be easily fit empirically observed behaviour sampling, well variational methods. In this article, show how makes building straightforward, enables researchers use them simulation, fitting data or performing model comparison.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Conditioned Hallucinations and Prior Overweighting Are State-Sensitive Markers of Hallucination Susceptibility DOI Creative Commons
Eren Kafadar, Victoria Fisher,

Brittany Quagan

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 92(10), P. 772 - 780

Published: May 13, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex oscillations underlie learning alterations in trait anxiety in humans DOI Creative Commons
Thomas Hein,

Zheng Gong,

Marina Ivanova

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 15, 2023

Abstract Anxiety has been linked to altered belief formation and uncertainty estimation, impacting learning. Identifying the neural processes underlying these changes is important for understanding brain pathology. Here, we show that oscillatory activity in medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate orbitofrontal cortex (mPFC, ACC, OFC) explains anxiety-related learning alterations. In a magnetoencephalography experiment, two groups of human participants pre-screened with high low trait anxiety (HTA, LTA: 39) performed probabilistic reward-based task. HTA undermined through an overestimation volatility, leading faster updating, more stochastic decisions pronounced lose-shift tendencies. On level, observed increased gamma dmPFC, OFC during encoding precision-weighted prediction errors HTA, accompanied by suppressed ACC alpha/beta activity. Our findings support association between updating OFC.

Language: Английский

Citations

22