Ultra-Processed Food Addiction: A Research Update

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 214 - 223

Published: May 18, 2024

Detail recent advancements in the science on ultra-processed food (UPF) addiction, focusing estimated prevalence rates and emerging health disparities; progress towards identifying biological underpinnings behavioral mechanisms; implications for weight management.

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic Diets for Body Weight Loss: A Comparison with Other Diets

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 965 - 965

Published: March 10, 2025

With the prevalence of obesity and overweight increasing at an alarming rate, more researchers are focused on identifying effective weight loss strategies. The ketogenic diet (KD), used as a treatment in epilepsy management for over 100 years, is additionally gaining popularity method. Although its efficacy well documented, areas where it may be beneficial to other dietary approaches need carefully examined. objective this paper identify potential benefits KD alternative strategies based comprehensive literature review. It has been shown that bioenergetically efficient than strategies, inter alia owing effect curtailing hunger, improving satiety decreasing appetite (influence hunger hormones sensation hunger), inducing faster initial (associated with lower glycogen levels reduced water retention), controlling glycaemia insulinemia (directly attributable low-carbohydrate nature indirectly described). These effects accompanied by improved insulin sensitivity, inflammation (through ketone bodies avoidance pro-inflammatory sugars), pharmacological control (the diet’s mechanisms similar those medication but without side effects), positive impacts psychological factors food addiction. Based authors’ review latest research, reasonable conclude that, due these many additional health benefits, advantageous diet-based This important hypothesis deserves further exploration, which could achieved including outcome measures future clinical trials, especially when comparing different diets equal caloric value.

Language: Английский

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A three-arm randomised controlled trial of a telehealth intervention targeting improvement in addictive eating for Australian adults (the TRACE program)

Appetite, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 107211 - 107211

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

There is a substantial research base for addictive eating with development of interventions. The current 3-arm RCT aimed to investigate the efficacy TRACE (Targeted Research Addictive and Compulsive Eating) program decrease symptoms improve mental health. Participants (18-85 yrs) endorsing ≥3 were randomly allocated 1) active intervention, 2) passive or 3) control group. Primary outcome was change in 3-months post-baseline measured by Yale Food Addiction Scale. Depression, anxiety stress also assessed. A total 175 individuals randomised. Using Linear Mixed Models, from baseline 3-months, there significant improvement symptom scores all groups mean 4.7 (95% CI: −5.8, −3.6; p < 0.001), 3.8 −5.2, −2.4; 0.001) 1.5 −2.6, −0.4; = 0.01) respectively. Compared group, participants intervention five times more likely achieve clinically scores. reduction depression groups, but not group [-2.9 −4.5, −1.3); −2.3 −4.3, −0.3); 0.5 −1.1, 2.1), respectively]; within [-1.3 −2.2, −0.5); −1.0 −2.1, 0.1); 0.4 −0.5, 1.2), over time similar groups. dietitian-led telehealth adults effective than condition reducing 6 months. Trial registration: Australia New Zealand Clinical Registry ACTRN12621001079831.

Language: Английский

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‘Do no harm’ - the impact of an intervention for addictive eating on disordered eating behaviours in Australian adults: secondary analysis of the TRACE randomised controlled trial

Journal of Eating Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 10, 2025

Designing interventions to change addictive eating behaviours is a complex process and understanding the treatment effect on co-occurring disordered of importance. This study aimed explore effects TRACE (Targeted Research for Addictive Compulsive Eating) intervention disorder psychopathology, binge eating, reward driven grazing behaviours. involved secondary analysis data from randomised control trial among 175 participants (18-85 yrs) endorsing ≥ 3 Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) symptoms who were randomly allocated (1) active intervention, (2) passive or (3) group. Change in YFAS, EDE-Q 6.0, Binge Eating Scale, RED-X5 Short Inventory Grazing scores assessed at 3-months (immediate post-intervention) 6-months (3-months follow-up. Using Linear Mixed Models, baseline there was significant reduction global [mean decrease - 0.6 (95% CI: -0.8, -0.4)], but not [-0.2 -0.5, 0.1)] groups [-0.1 -0.3, 0.1)]. In reductions [-3.8 -4.9, -2.7; -2.5 -3.9, -1.1), respectively], compulsive (-1.8 -2.4, -1.3); -1.1 -1.7, -0.5), respectively] non-compulsive (-1.4 -1.9, -1.0); -0.4), The over time similar all groups. positively associated with scores, (rs ranged 0.23 0.69). dietitian-led which adopted weight-neutral, harm approach management adults demonstrated positive some Importantly did cause any adverse changes pathologies measured. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12621001079831.

Language: Английский

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Low carbohydrate and psychoeducational programs show promise for the treatment of ultra-processed food addiction: 12-month follow-up

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 14, 2025

The topic of ultra-processed food addiction has been the subject many peer-reviewed publications. Although on average 14% adults may meet criteria for in prevalence studies, it is not a recognized clinical diagnosis, hence lack published evidence-based treatment protocols and outcome data. In 2022, we reported outcomes pre- post-intervention from an online, real food-based, low-carbohydrate educational program with psychosocial support related to recovery. intervention was delivered across three locations, offering common approach. programs comprised weekly online sessions 10–14 weeks, followed by monthly groups. previously data were relating symptoms measured modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, ICD-10 substance use disorder (CRAVED), mental well-being as short version Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, post-intervention. current report focuses same cohort’s 6- 12-month follow-up show significant, sustained improvement well-being. These are first long-term results be program. Research now needed evaluate compare other interventions this impairing increasingly prevalent biopsychosocial condition.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the experiences of ketogenic metabolic therapy for people living with varying levels of depressive symptoms: a thematic analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 6, 2024

Background Evidence suggests that a ketogenic diet (KD) may help to alleviate psychiatric symptoms, including depression and anxiety. Positive changes have been reported such as improvements in cognition, concentration, sleep, reduction hunger, an increase well-being, energy, confidence, resilience. This research aims understand the impact of non-calorie-restricted KD on aspects psychological well-being those with varying degrees depressive symptoms. Though there are few studies directly exploring experiences following KD, this will be first study explore narrative from mental health viewpoint. Method A sample nine participants who had followed non-calorie restricted intervention 50 g carbohydrates or less per day for at least 12 weeks were recruited. Participants split into ‘healthy adults’ group no low symptoms ‘depressive symptoms’ mild moderate reflexive thematic analysis was considered suitable study. Findings Five core themes 24 subthemes created. These were, (1) Poor prior program; (2) Hunger cravings-the food mood connection; (3) Psychological improvements; (4) It becomes lifestyle; (5) Implementation difficulties. experienced increased self-esteem, motivation, achievement. Some more control life greater sense reward. Those initially self-worth hopelessness later self-esteem renewed meaning purpose life. The findings reflect previous reports implementation can difficult initially, but soon easy follow turns lifestyle. Conclusion In literature, very qualitative accounts lived KD. From participants’ study, it appears benefits positive outcomes outweigh any negative side-effects experienced. is encouraging looking adjunctive therapies address improve their overall health.

Language: Английский

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The effectiveness of the TRACE online nutrition intervention in improving dietary intake, sleep quality and physical activity levels for Australian adults with food addiction: a randomised controlled trial

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 978 - 994

Published: April 23, 2024

Abstract Background Few interventions for food addiction (FA) report on dietary intake variables. The present study comprised a three‐arm randomised controlled trial in adults with symptoms of FA. aim was to evaluate intake, sleep and physical activity resulting from dietitian‐led telehealth intervention at 3 months. Methods Adults ≥3 FA body mass index > 18.5 kg/m 2 were recruited. Dietary including energy, nutrients diet quality assessed by validated frequency questionnaire addition (total min) compared between groups over time. Personalised goals set participants examined determine whether improvements percent energy core non‐core foods reported. Results active group superior the passive control (6.4%/day [95% confidence interval (CI) −0.0 12.9], p = 0.049), (−6.4%/day CI −12.9 0.0], sweetened drinks (−1.7%/day −2.9 −0.4], 0.013), takeaway (−2.3%/day −4.5 −0.1], 0.045) sodium (−478 mg/day −765 −191 mg], 0.001). Conclusions A Australian found significant Setting personalised around nutrition eating behaviours beneficial lifestyle change.

Language: Английский

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Addressing cortex dysregulation in youth through brain health check coaching and prophylactic brain development

INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 1472 - 1472

Published: April 30, 2024

The Carter Center has estimated that the addiction crisis in United States (US), if continues to worsen at same rate, may cost country approximately 16 trillion dollars by 2030. In recent years, well-being of youth been compromised not only coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic but also alarming global opioid crisis, particularly US. Each year, deadly drugs claim hundreds thousands lives, contributing an ever-rising death toll. addition, maternal usage opioids and other during pregnancy could compromise neurodevelopment children. A high rate DNA polymorphic antecedents compounds occurrence epigenetic insults involving methylation specific essential genes related normal brain function. These genetic antecedent affect healthy mRNA transcription, leading a loss proteins required for development function youth. Myelination frontal cortex, process known extend until late 20s, delays proficient executive decision-making abilities. Understanding this delay development, along with presence potential high-risk variants or alleles generational epigenetics, provides clear rationale embracing Brain Research Commission&rsquo;s suggestion mimic fitness programs adaptable health check (BHC). Implementing BHC within educational systems US countries serve as effective initiative proactive therapies aimed reducing juvenile mental problems eventually criminal activities, addiction, behaviors associated reward deficiency syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Examining the efficacy of a telehealth intervention targeting addictive eating in Australian adults (the TRACE Programme): a randomised controlled trial protocol

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. e064151 - e064151

Published: June 1, 2023

Introduction Approximately 15%–20% of the adult population self-report symptoms addictive eating. There are currently limited options for management. Motivational interviewing-based interventions, containing personalised coping skills training, have been found to be effective behaviour change in disorders (eg, alcohol). This project builds upon foundations an eating feasibility study previously conducted and co-design process involving consumers. The primary aim this is examine efficacy a telehealth intervention targeting Australian adults compared with passive control groups. Methods analysis three-arm randomised controlled trial will recruit participants 18–85 years, endorsing ≥3 on Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) 2.0, body mass index >18.5 kg/m 2 . Addictive assessed at baseline (pre-intervention), 3 months (post-intervention) 6 months. Other outcomes include dietary intake quality, depression, anxiety, stress, quality life, physical activity sleep hygiene. Using multicomponent clinician-led approach, active consists five sessions (15–45 min each) delivered by dietitian over uses feedback, skill-building exercises, reflective activities goal setting. Participants provided workbook website access. group receives via self-guided approach access (no telehealth). written feedback advised follow their usual pattern offered after endpoint YFAS symptom scores A cost–consequence determine costs alongside mean outcomes. Ethics dissemination Human Research Committee University Newcastle, Australia approval (H-2021-0100). Findings disseminated publication peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, community presentations student theses. Trial registration number New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621001079831).

Language: Английский

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A novel weight suppression score associates with distinct eating disorder and ultra-processed food addiction symptoms compared to the traditional weight suppression measure among adults seeking outpatient nutrition counseling

Journal of Eating Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 9, 2024

Abstract Background Weight suppression has been defined as diet-induced weight loss, traditionally operationalized the difference between one’s highest and current weight. This concept studied in context of eating disorders, but its value predicting treatment outcomes inconsistent, which may be partially attributed to calculation. Method The study operationalizes a novel score, reflecting midpoint lowest adult weights among adults (N = 287, ages 21–75, 73.9% women) seeking outpatient for disordered eating. report compared traditional calculation score simulated dataset model their differential distributions. Next, we analyzed shared distinct clinical correlates versus using intake data. Results was significantly associated with meeting criteria both disorders ultra-processed food addiction more sensitive detecting clinically relevant disorder symptomatology. However, (vs. suppression) fewer symptoms. Conclusion particularly those addiction, relevance individual Consideration future research on behaviors should extend beyond just diagnosed disorders.

Language: Английский

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