Defining ketone supplementation: the evolving evidence for postexercise ketone supplementation to improve recovery and adaptation to exercise

AJP Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 326(1), P. C143 - C160

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in use of ketone supplements to improve athletic performance. These transiently elevate concentrations bodies acetoacetate (AcAc) and d-β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) circulation. Early studies showed that can energetic efficiency striated muscle compared with glucose oxidation induce glycogen-sparing effect during exercise. As such, most research focused on potential supplementation performance via ingestion ketones immediately before or However, subsequent generally observed no improvement, particularly not under conditions are relevant for athletes. more reporting beneficial effects when ingested after real may rather be their ability enhance postexercise recovery training adaptations. For instance, recent (PEKS) blunts development overtraining symptoms, improves sleep, anabolic signaling, circulating erythropoietin levels, skeletal angiogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview current state-of-the-art about impact PEKS aspects exercise adaptation, which is only athletes but also multiple clinical conditions. addition, highlight underlying mechanisms by adaptation. This includes epigenetic effects, signaling receptors, modulation neurotransmitters, energy metabolism, oxidative anti-inflammatory pathways.

Language: Английский

---

Resilient phenotypes among bereaved youth: a comparison of trajectory, relative, and cross-domain approaches

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Bereavement is a common traumatic event associated with adverse health outcomes across the life course. Despite these risks, not all bereaved individuals experience negative effects. Limited scientific consensus exists on how to define resilience in who have experienced death of loved one. Using sample N = 3766 youth from Avon Longitudinal Study Parents and Children birth cohort, we identified bereavement family member between ages 7 8.5. We derived compared three different approaches assess among youth. Trajectory-based psychological sub-groups similar symptom profiles 6 16 using latent growth mixture models. Relative at age leveraged standardized residuals model regressing symptoms determine better-than-expected functioning relative status. cross-domain around was sum score approach applied eight unique domains health. Predictive validity each assessed depressive 17.5 RESULTS: Overall, 877 (23%) were models, three-class solution described 84% low stable over time, 8% worsening symptoms, improving yet elevated symptoms. Each largely concordant trajectory-based identifying as resilient or not, though demonstrated stronger degree concordance than score. exhibited moderate correlation, depending included (r 0.14-0.43). For approach, significantly predicted lower 17.5, highlighting predictive measures. Psychological trajectories aligned those previously adults. The residual-based defining limited utility context bereavement. When risk after bereavement, researchers clinicians must address interplay psychosocial physical domains, considered mental perspective may benefit intervention other domains.

Language: Английский

---

Early life stress and the role of environmental and molecular moderators in the ontology of pathological and resilient behavioral phenotypes

Molecular Psychology Brain Behavior and Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1, P. 3 - 3

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Early life stress (ELS) in the form of trauma or caregiver abuse and neglect is often associated with psychopathology. However, not everyone exposed to ELS develops a pathology; others display resilience, ability adapt persevere despite ongoing adversity. Several molecular moderator variables between behavioral phenotypes have been proposed, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) epigenetic markers. Specifically, several SNPs aberrant methylation expression genes neurotransmitter systems brain-derived neurotrophic factor anxiety, depression schizophrenia. The present review seeks explore relationship SNPs, epigenomics disease, offer data suggest may also predict specific treatment efficacy psychological resilience. Due these different mental health outcomes as function ELS, it critical that environmental moderators be equally considered determining ontology resilient pathological phenotypes; this includes infant-caregiver relationship, degree control, magnitude, type stressor experienced. Finally, we will evidence intervention strategies, drug treatment, enrichment, exercise can ameliorate many psychological, biological, consequences exposure, help shift one toward phenotype.

Language: Английский

---

Motor Activity Sensorics for mHealth Support of Human Resilience in Daily Life

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

The quality of life depends on the human resilience to stresses and other negative impacts from environment society. We assume that can be effectively supported by motor activity. problem is people reduce activity (the mobility) although they are potentially able move motility). In this paper, we consider sensorics study concept mobile Health (mHealth) system digitally support mobility a person during her/his daily life. based inertial sensors smartphone accompanies person. evaluates various tests for collected statistics provide an interesting picture motivate more introduce model interrelates discuss possible digital testing sum, contributes our smartphone-based mHealth supports in subject increase resilience.

Language: Английский

---

Editorial: Resilience and the Future

The Journal of Frailty & Aging, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

---