Living with and managing type 1 diabetes in humanitarian settings: A qualitative synthesis of lived experience and stakeholder tacit knowledge

PLOS Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(6), P. e0003027 - e0003027

Published: June 21, 2024

Humanitarian health actors are beginning to better consider and manage non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, in emergency protracted crisis settings. However, a focus on the more globally prevalent type 2 diabetes (T2D) dominates. Blind spots prevail unmet needs for 1 (T1D), chronic autoimmune condition where individuals unable produce insulin, thereby dependent lifelong insulin therapy blood glucose management. Although some T1D management requirements overlap with those of T2D, immediate risk fatal complications following disruption, earlier age onset during childhood, adolescence or young adulthood, its lower prevalence compared T2D within communities local systems mean that requires nuanced consideration targeted interventions. Intending inform program policy design people (PWT1D), we synthesized themes lived experience from PLWT1D their caregivers, tacit working knowledge providers policymakers context humanitarian operations. Through strategic search databases (up July 2023), identified 11 articles include interview excerpts PWT1D, healthcare about We used reflexive thematic analysis guide data extraction, coding, synthesis, resulting identification four overarching themes: food security, family relations, translation, response diagnosis. The narratives highlight harsh trade-offs made by PWT1D families face insecurity, well damaging impact low education families, systems. Targeted community-based solutions urgently required, alongside systemic reforms international collaboration enable coping

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the Genetic Landscape: Exploring the Relationship Between HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 Genes in Diabetes Mellitus

Current pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine (Online)/Current pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 125 - 135

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder with significant genetic component. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, specifically HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1, have been implicated in the susceptibility pathogenesis of DM. This review delves into intricate interplay these HLA seeking to unravel tapestry that contributes development progression diabetes. We begin by providing an overview system its critical role immune regulation. Subsequently, we explore current state knowledge regarding association between HLADRB1 polymorphisms both type 1 2 Emphasis placed on recent advancements research methodologies, including genomewide studies next-generation sequencing, provided deeper insights architecture also scrutinizes functional implications specific alleles modulating responses potential mechanisms which they contribute autoimmune processes observed Additionally, examine genes context insulin resistance beta-cell dysfunction diabetes, shedding light shared distinct underpinnings two major forms Furthermore, discuss clinical genotyping predicting disease risk, prognosis, personalized treatment strategies. integration information practice holds promise for precision medicine approaches diabetes management.

Language: Английский

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Data Mining Framework for Discovering and Clustering Phenotypes of Atypical Diabetic Lung

Published: July 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Tanzania: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Abstract Objective Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that affects children and adolescents globally. However, there paucity of data on the incidence prevalence T1DM in Tanzania. This systematic review aimed to determine type Tanzania through comprehensive available literature. Methods A literature search was conducted six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Embase, African Journals Online, Medical Journal) identify studies reporting The according Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results total 63 were identified initial search, which two met inclusion criteria. Both Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, Zanzibar, Kilimanjaro Tanzania, reported adolescents. published 1993 2019, respectively. first study an annual 1.5 per 100,000 population aged 0-19 years, while second ranging from 1.8 1.9 10.1 11.9 children. Conclusion are relatively low, based limited evidence available. More needed provide better understanding burden inform management strategies country. Ethics Since this has used previously studies, consent ethics committee not sought. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022369954.

Language: Английский

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A Novel Non-Autoimmune Diabetes Subtype in Africa: Evidence from the Young-Onset Diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa (Yoda) Study

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Insulin Therapy among Diabetic Patients in Rural Communities of Sub Saharan Africa: A Perspective Review

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

In this perspective review, we describe a brief background on the status quo of diabetes mellitus related therapies and glycemic control among patients in rural communities sub Saharan Africa. We specifically talk about insulin therapy challenges access to oral hypoglycemic diabetic living sub-Saharan crown up our discussion with suggestions solutions opportunities for future research tackle health challenge these impoverished communities. Our ideas have been informed by following inquiries: What is current situation Sub-Saharan Africa? How well controlled are blood sugar levels individuals therapy, which patient populations it recommended? proportions drugs Which most common given Africa between drugs? Who determines choice often hypoglycemia hyperglycemia encountered people therapy? Is monitoring glucagon important treating receiving insulin? normal practice check African communities? has done what gaps exist field? Addressing critical improving reducing burden populations.

Language: Английский

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Diabetes knowledge and associated factors in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

BMC Endocrine Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in youth is becoming a public health problem Sub-Saharan Africa, including Burkina Faso. However, little known about the level of knowledge these patients on T1D. This study aimed to evaluate adolescents and young adults disease, identify factors associated Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April June 2020 among with T1D, aged 10 30 years, regularly followed internal medicine department Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou, Data were collected using French AJD (Aide aux Jeunes Diabétiques) validated skills (DKS) questionnaire designed test participants’ accuracy six different themes as generalities diabetes, hypoglycemia hyperglycemia, management insulin treatment, self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG). DKS determined by calculating scores, univariate multivariate logistic regression used explore influencing scores. classified insufficient or low ≤ 25/50, regular 26–39/50, adequate good ≥ 40/50. Results Sixty-three participants mean age 19.05 years sex ratio (W/M) 1.17 included our study. The HbA1c 9.79%, 43 (68.23%) had an level. global score correct answers 23.63/50. percentage respectively 50% for item “generalities diabetes”, 32.4% “hypoglycemia hyperglycemia”, 67.72% “diet”, 37.34% “management treatment” 44.97% “SMBG”. In analysis, better patient university education long duration care follow-up (> p < 0.05). Only increasing remain (p 0.05) analysis. Conclusion important first step identifying areas intervention efforts therapeutic type I

Language: Английский

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