Endocannabinoid system and phytocannabinoids in the main species of veterinary interest: a comparative review DOI Creative Commons
Alessandra Di Salvo, Elisabetta Chiaradia, Monica Sforna

et al.

Veterinary Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(5), P. 2915 - 2941

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Since the discovery of endocannabinoid system and due to empirical evidence therapeutic effects on several illnesses both in humans animals that follow administration exogenous cannabinoids (i.e., phytocannabinoids), numerous studies have been conducted. These investigations aimed identify expression distribution cannabinoid receptors healthy pathologic organs tissues different animal species define interactions phytocannabinoids with these receptors. In last decade, pharmacokinetics, efficacy tolerability many Cannabis derivatives formulations, mainly containing cannabidiol, main veterinary interest, also investigated. This manuscript summarizes findings reported by scientific published so far molecular mode action phytocannabinoids, localization tissues, as well dogs, cats, horses other interest. A deep knowledge issues is crucial for use purposes species.

Language: Английский

The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of a Hemp-Derived “Full-Spectrum” Oral Cannabinoid Product with a 1:1 Ratio of Cannabidiol to Cannabidiolic Acid and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol to Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Within-Subjects Human Laboratory Study DOI
Harrison Elder, C. Austin Zamarripa, Mitchell Klausner

et al.

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

Aim: To examine the acute pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of a patented oral cannabinoid product containing botanical hemp-derived "full-spectrum" extract with an approximate 1:1 ratio cannabidiol (CBD) to cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic (THCA). Methods: Healthy adults (n = 15) ingested soft gels 0 (placebo), approximately 1, 2, 4 mg/kg total cannabinoids (combination CBD, CBDA, THC, THCA, other minor cannabinoids) in ascending-dose order four experimental sessions separated by ≥1 week (the placebo condition occurred randomly within dose sequence). Mean doses (mg) primary active drug conditions were: 1 (CBD 41.1, CBDA 43.7, THC 2.2, THCA 1.6), 2 73.4, 77.9, 3.9, 2.9), 134.5, 142.8, 7.2, 5.3). PD outcomes (subjective, cognitive, physiological effects) were measured before repeatedly for 8 h after dosing. Plasma specimens collected throughout 8-h at 24- 48-h post-dosing. PK included peak plasma concentration (Cmax) time maximum (Tmax). Results: For outcomes, few differences observed between placebo. However, relative placebo, produced small moderate increases subjective effects, including abuse liability items (e.g., "like"), also impaired working memory performance. Generally, effects peaked 3-5 post-dosing returned baseline h. Dose-orderly Cmax their respective metabolites 7-COOH-CBD, THCCOOH), which often detectable 48 Across all doses, was 19-25-fold higher Tmax up 2-fold earlier compared CBD respectively. Conclusions: Acute administration dose-orderly effects; highest elicited several adverse events cognitive impairment intoxication, despite relatively low (mean: 7.2 mg). Carboxylated CBDA) exhibited substantially greater bioavailability faster absorption decarboxylated CBD). Additional systematic research is needed characterize how constituent profile impacts products, more studies directly comparing carboxylated compounds appear warranted.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Role of cannabidiolic acid or the combination of cannabigerol/cannabidiol in pain modulation and welfare improvement in horses with chronic osteoarthritis DOI Creative Commons
Francesca Aragona, Marco Tabbì, Enrico Gugliandolo

et al.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotropic cannabinoid obtained from hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) used for pain management in companion animals including horses. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and cannabigerol/cannabidiol oil (CBG/CBD) oral administration alleviating adult horses affected by chronic osteoarthritis (OA). Twenty-four (10 geldings 14 mares), aged between 11 18 years old, were equally divided into two groups. One group received CBDA 15% other CBG/CBD (CBG20%-CBD10%) consecutive days. A standard dose 0.07 mg/kg was chosen based on mean body weight 450 ± 28 kg. Horse Chronic Pain Scale (HCPS) physiological parameters monitoring heart rate (HR), respiratory (RR), arterial blood pressure (systolic pressure- SAP, diastolic DAP) assessed before (T0) every day entire (T1-T14). Blood samples collected evaluation complete hemogram, Leukocyte subpopulation identification counting leukocyte differentiation antigens CD4 CD8 at 7 days (T7 T14). reduction HCPS scale scores number WBC, monocytes neutrophils observed with both treatment. No statistical differences found parameters. subject required rescue analgesia or showed any adverse effects. results this that may promote OA.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Pharmacokinetics of a single oral administration of two cannabidiol formulations in fed and fasted horses DOI Creative Commons
Alessandra Di Salvo, Marilena Bazzano, Giorgia Della Rocca

et al.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Pain management in horses plays a pivotal role the therapeutic approach to several diseases. Horses have cannabinoid receptors at level of dorsal root ganglia, blood vessels, and synoviocytes that can be up or down- regulated by inflammatory conditions, justifying possible efficacy exogenous cannabinoids (i.e., phytocannabinoids) managing painful pathologies this animal species. However, current use supplements containing cannabidiol (CBD) equines is based on anecdotal evidence, without support sufficient pharmacokinetic studies. In humans, concentration peak CBD area under concentration-time curve (AUC) are both strongly influenced food administration. Also, equids, oral bioavailability some drugs meal but no information available about CBD. This study investigated pharmacokinetics following single administration two different formulations pure (oil paste), dosed 1 mg/kg, times oil paste were administered orally mg/kg eight healthy according cross over design, samples taken pre-fixed time-points for analyses. The obtained data did not allow statistically significant differences between (paste oil) feeding time (fed fasted status). treatment with paste, Cmax was achieved shorter range compared oily formulation, indicating it could better formulation consider future equine

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Endocannabinoid system and phytocannabinoids in the main species of veterinary interest: a comparative review DOI Creative Commons
Alessandra Di Salvo, Elisabetta Chiaradia, Monica Sforna

et al.

Veterinary Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(5), P. 2915 - 2941

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Since the discovery of endocannabinoid system and due to empirical evidence therapeutic effects on several illnesses both in humans animals that follow administration exogenous cannabinoids (i.e., phytocannabinoids), numerous studies have been conducted. These investigations aimed identify expression distribution cannabinoid receptors healthy pathologic organs tissues different animal species define interactions phytocannabinoids with these receptors. In last decade, pharmacokinetics, efficacy tolerability many Cannabis derivatives formulations, mainly containing cannabidiol, main veterinary interest, also investigated. This manuscript summarizes findings reported by scientific published so far molecular mode action phytocannabinoids, localization tissues, as well dogs, cats, horses other interest. A deep knowledge issues is crucial for use purposes species.

Language: Английский

Citations

2