Dietary supplementation with L-citrulline improves amino acid composition and broiler performance, and modulates gut microbiota

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Poultry lacks carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, which is a key enzyme in the endogenous synthesis of arginine, thus poultry must obtain arginine from their diet. Citrulline ( L -Cit), as precursor produces same biological effects and may even be more effective. In these experiments, we discovered that addition -Cit significantly increased production performance, antioxidant immune properties, modulated intestinal microbiota. The study involved 240 1-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers randomly assigned to one four treatment groups: control (CON), 0.5% -Cit, 1% 1.5% with 10 replicates per group six birds replicate. feeding trial lasted for 63 days. body weight at 42 days days, well average daily gain day 1 63, linearly quadratically -citrulline. plasma concentrations citrulline, ornithine, dose -Cit. -citrulline total capacity (T-AOC) superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α ). Dietary also altered overall composition broiler microbiota, increasing relative abundance Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 while reducing Synergistota Campylobacterota. This indicates can enhance performance broilers, improve activity functions, thereby protecting health. optimum dietary amount 1.5%.

Language: Английский

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Exposure to Subclinical Doses of Fumonisins, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone Affects Immune Response, Amino Acid Digestibility, and Intestinal Morphology in Broiler Chickens

Toxins, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 16 - 16

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Fusarium mycotoxins often co-occur in broiler feed, and their presence negatively impacts health even at subclinical concentrations, so there is a need to identify the concentrations of these toxins that do not adversely affect chickens performance. The study was conducted evaluate least toxic effects combined fumonisins (FUM), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) on production performance, immune response, intestinal morphology, nutrient digestibility chickens. A total 960 one-day-old broilers were distributed into eight dietary treatments: T1 (Control); T2: 33.0 FUM + 3.0 DON 0.8 ZEA; T3: 14.0 3.5 0.7 T4: 26.0 1.0 0.2 T5: 7.7 0.4 0.1 T6: 3.6 2.5 0.9 T7: 0.3 T8: 0.5 ZEA, all mg/kg diet. results showed exposure higher mycotoxin T2 T3, had significantly reduced body weight gain (BWG) by 17% d35 (p < 0.05). T2, T4 groups significant decrease villi length jejunum ileum 0.05) disruption tight junction proteins, occludin, claudin-4 Higher T6 reduction amino acids methionine 0.05), aspartate serine 0.05); CD4+, CD8+ T-cell populations an increase T regulatory cell percentages spleen splenic macrophage nitric oxide IgA upregulated cytochrome P450-1A1 1A4 gene expression Birds fed lower concentration groups, T7 T8, did have effect health, responses, suggesting pose negative These findings are essential for developing acceptable thresholds efficient feed management strategies improve

Language: Английский

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Anti‐Tumor Strategies Targeting Nutritional Deprivation: Challenges and Opportunities

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Higher and richer nutrient requirements are typical features that distinguish tumor cells from AU: cells, ensuring adequate substrates energy sources for cell proliferation migration. Therefore, deprivation strategies based on targeted technologies can induce impaired viability in which more sensitive than normal cells. In this review, nutrients required by related metabolic pathways introduced, anti-tumor developed to target described. addition the nutritional characteristics of other microenvironment (including macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer T cancer-associated fibroblasts) new also summarized. conclusion, recent advances targeting blockade reviewed, challenges prospects these discussed, theoretical significance optimizing clinical application nutrition strategies.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of varying methionine to cysteine supplementation ratios on growth performance, oxidative status, intestinal health, and gene expression of immune response and methionine metabolism in broilers under Eimeria spp. challenge

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 103(2), P. 103300 - 103300

Published: Nov. 26, 2023

A study was conducted to investigate effects of different methionine (Met) cysteine (Cys) supplementation ratios (MCR) on growth performance, oxidative status, intestinal health, immune responses, and metabolism in broilers under Eimeria challenge. total 720 male Cobb500 (14-day-old) were allocated a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement (5 diets, with or without challenge) 6 replicates per treatment. The sulfur amino acid concentrations consistent across treatments meeting the breeder's recommendation, only MCR varied. diets labeled as MET100; MET75; MET50; MET25; MET0, representing 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; 0:100, respectively. Data analyzed by two-way ANOVA orthogonal polynomial contrast. Growth performance declined linearly quadratically decreased (P < 0.01). On day post inoculation (DPI), interaction 0.01) found; BW body weight gain lower MET0 compared other non-challenged groups, whereas not challenged groups. 9 DPI, serum antioxidant capacity 0.05). Hepatic activities glutathione peroxidase DPI superoxide dismutase changed digestibility Met Cys increased decreased. ileal crypt depth DPI. expression transforming factor beta tumor necrotic alpha interleukin 10 challenge adenosyltransferase cystathionine gamma-lyase, decreasing genes Expression In conclusion, exerted broiler chickens infection.

Language: Английский

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Supplementing low protein diets with methionine or threonine during mixed Eimeria challenge

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(6), P. 103714 - 103714

Published: April 2, 2024

We investigated the effects of supplementing low protein diets with methionine (Met) or threonine (Thr) during a mixed Eimeria (consisting E. acervulina, maxima and tenella) challenge in broilers. All birds were fed same starter diet (d1-9) finisher (d28-35) which met Cobb 500 nutrient specifications. Birds allocated to 1 4 dietary treatments from d9 28: standard (19% CP); (16% supplemented Met Thr at 50% above recommendations. On d14, half challenged, unchallenged. From d14 28, feed intake was recorded daily BW every 3 d. Oocyst excretion measured d18 27. d21 per pen euthanized assess digestibility, cytokine expression intestinal histology. During acute stage challenge, challenged reduced ADFI ADG (P < 0.05). In pre-patent recovery stages, given 16% CP increased 0.05), meanwhile there no differences these stages > Nutrient digestibility 0.05) but tended be greater than unchallenged stage. There significant effect on oocyst histology Interactions observed between IL-10 IL-21 cecal tonsils due birds. Supplementation had limited outcomes provides benefits host by enhancing their immune response.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Methionine Supplementation Levels in Normal or Reduced Protein Diets on the Body Composition and Femur Bone Characteristics of Broilers Challenged with Coccidia

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 917 - 917

Published: March 16, 2024

This study investigated the effects of dietary methionine (Met) levels on bone quality broilers challenged with coccidia. A total 600 fourteen-day-old male Cobb500 were gavaged mixed Eimeria spp. and randomly allocated into 10 treatment groups by a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement. Birds received normal protein diets (NCP) or reduced-protein (LCP), containing 2.8, 4.4, 6.0, 7.6, 9.2 g/kg Met. Data analyzed via two-way ANOVA orthogonal polynomial contrast. At 9 days post-inoculation (DPI), whole body mineral density (BMD) content (BMC) linearly decreased as Met increased (p < 0.05). For femoral metaphysis at DPI, BMD decreased, porosity 0.05) in cortical bone. The improved trabecular LCP while not NCP groups. diaphysis 6 had higher BMC than Bone volume In summary, results suggested that quality. However, context diets,

Language: Английский

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In-depth genomic identification and safety evaluation of Lactobacillus Acidophilus LA85

Journal of Functional Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 123, P. 106604 - 106604

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Coccidiosis in Egg-Laying Hens and Potential Nutritional Strategies to Modulate Performance, Gut Health, and Immune Response

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1015 - 1015

Published: March 27, 2024

Avian coccidiosis, despite advancements in management, nutrition, genetics, and immunology, still remains the most impactful disease, imposing substantial economic losses to poultry industry. Coccidiosis may strike any avian species, it be mild severe, depending on pathogenicity of Eimeria spp. number oocysts ingested by bird. Unlike broilers, low emphasis has been given laying hens. hens damages gastrointestinal tract causes physiological changes, including oxidative stress, immunosuppression, inflammatory leading reduced feed intake a drastic drop egg production. Several countries around world have large numbers raised cage-free/free-range facilities, coccidiosis already become one many problems that producers face future. However, limited research conducted egg-laying hens, our understanding changes following relies heavily studies broilers. The aim this review is summarize effect an extent correlate with occur broilers coccidiosis. Additionally, tries explore nutritional strategies successfully used mitigate negative effects improving gut health performance if they can

Language: Английский

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Avances científicos recientes en la calidad de vida de los animales en la producción avícola

Horizon Nexus Journal., Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 1 - 15

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

The intensification of poultry production poses significant animal welfare challenges. This study aims to review recent advances in improving the quality life intensive production, analyzing technological innovations, adjustments housing design, nutritional improvements and strategies reduce stress. methodology used included a comprehensive literature Scopus, evaluating studies between 2019 2024 that addressed farming. main findings indicate precision monitoring with sensors artificial intelligence enables early interventions bird health behavior. In addition, design enriched systems facilitates natural behaviors, which reduces stress aggression. Advances nutrition, such as use methionine additives, have improved immune bone health, while humane lighting transport decrease impact conclusion, these practices contribute more ethical efficient industry, highlighting is essential for long-term sustainability profitability.

Language: Английский

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Different methionine to cysteine supplementation ratios altered bone quality of broilers with or without Eimeria challenge assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and microtomography

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(5), P. 103580 - 103580

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Despite the acknowledged significance of nutrition in bone development, effects methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) on quality remain under-researched, particularly during Eimeria challenge. We investigated different supplemental Met to Cys ratios (MCR) broilers under A total 720 fourteen-day old Cobb500 were allocated into a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement. Five diets with supplemented at MCR 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100 fed birds or without Body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, femur characteristics assessed microtomography. Data analyzed two-way ANOVA orthogonal polynomial contrast. The results reaffirmed detrimental challenge quality. On 9 days post inoculation (DPI), significant interaction found for whole body mineral content (BMC), lean tissue weight, weight (P < 0.05); non-challenged group (NCG), these parameters linearly decreased as 0.05). In challenged (CG), unaffected MCR, BMC increased For cortical femoral metaphysis 6 DPI, density (BMD) Bone volume ratio (BV/TV) CG TV 0.05) NCG. BMD BV/TV changed quadratically trabecular number diaphysis, BV, TV, DPI conclusion, this study showed that both varying could influence broilers.

Language: Английский

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