European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 985, P. 177080 - 177080
Published: Nov. 2, 2024
Language: Английский
Immuno, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 6 - 6
Published: Jan. 25, 2025
Systemic autoimmune diseases (SAIDs) affect millions worldwide, presenting significant clinical challenges due to their complex pathogenesis and limited treatment options. Traditional immunosuppressive therapies, while effective, often lack precision, leading side effects inadequate disease control. Recent advances in synthetic immunology offer promising avenues for precise, targeted interventions SAIDs. This review examines the latest innovations treating diseases, focusing on engineered immune cells, biologics, gene-editing technologies. It explores therapeutic potential of these approaches modulate tolerance, reduce systemic inflammation, enhance patient-specific efficacy. However, despite developments, remain, including system complexity, safety concerns, regulatory hurdles that may hinder translation. aims consolidate current advancements, address existing barriers, outline future directions management, highlighting immunology’s role transforming landscape
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(9), P. 839 - 857
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy has demonstrated significant success in treating cancers. The potential of CAR-T cells is now being explored the context autoimmune diseases. Recent clinical trials have shown sustained and profound elimination autoreactive B by cells, leading to promising disease control with minimal safety concerns. These encouraging results inspired further investigation into applications for a broader range diseases development advanced products improved efficacy safety. In this review, we discuss mechanisms which target conditions, summarize current preclinical models, highlight ongoing trials, including design, outcomes, challenges. Additionally, limitations future directions treatment
Language: Английский
Citations
14
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: June 19, 2024
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has proven a breakthrough in cancer treatment the last decade, giving unprecedented results against hematological malignancies. All approved CAR products, as well many being assessed clinical trials, are generated using viral vectors to deploy exogenous genetic material into T-cells. Viral have long-standing history gene delivery, and thus underwent iterations of optimization improve their efficiency safety. Nonetheless, capacity integrate semi-randomly host genome makes them potentially oncogenic via insertional mutagenesis dysregulation key cellular genes. Secondary cancers following administration appear be rare adverse event. However several cases documented few years put spotlight on this issue, which might been underestimated so far, given relatively recent deployment therapies. Furthermore, initial successes obtained malignancies not yet replicated solid tumors. It is now clear that further enhancements needed allow T-cells increase long-term persistence, overcome exhaustion cope with immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To aim, variety genomic engineering strategies under evaluation, most relying CRISPR/Cas9 or other editing technologies. These approaches liable introduce unintended, irreversible alterations product cells. In first part review, we will discuss non-viral used for generation T-cells, whereas second focus non-gene engineering, particular regard advantages, limitations, Finally, critically analyze different combinations, delineating superior safety profile production next-generation T-cell.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Rheumatology Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(3), P. 262 - 279
Published: June 26, 2024
Autoimmunity is a pathological process associated with violation of immunological tolerance to normal structural components the body (autoantigens), predominance active (adaptive) immunity and manifested by hyperproduction autoantibodies. Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) are among most common severe nosological forms this pathology autoimmunity. Problems pharmacotherapy SARDs subject intensive research. At beginning 21st century, more than 20 biologic agents were developed for treatment rheumatoid arthritis – monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recombinant proteins that control inflammation overproduction “pro-inflammatory” cytokines, use which has dramatically improved results pharmacotherapy. However, much less research been devoted studying possibilities aimed at selective suppression “autoimmune” component pathogenesis SADRs uncontrolled activation B cells restoration autoantigens. In spectrum drugs whose mechanism action cells, leading place occupied rituximab (RTM). It noteworthy years ago (2004), group researchers led prof. J.C. Edwards first demonstrated effectiveness RTM in patients RA, was soon successfully repositioned treat wide range SARDs. A major achievement CAR (сhimeric antigen receptor) T cell therapy, refractory hematological tumors. The main CART-cells genetically engineered T-cell receptor recognizes target without participation histocompatibility complex. Although limited, extremely impressive data regarding high remission rates have obtained adapting CD19 CART-cell therapy systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) other standard immunosuppressive medications. article discusses SLE prospects further
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Cell therapy is an emerging strategy for precision treatment of scleroderma. This review systematically summarizes the research progress mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapies in scleroderma discusses challenges future directions development. MSCs possess multiple functions, including immunomodulation, anti-fibrosis, promotion vascular regeneration, all which can improve pathological processes associated with Studies have demonstrated that alleviate skin fibrosis by inhibiting CCL2 production reducing recruitment macrophages; their paracrine effects exert extensive regulatory functions. CAR-T ca specifically target eliminate autoreactive immune cells, exhibiting enhanced specificity personalized potential. Different may complementary synergistic treating scleroderma, such as exerting through mechanisms while cells cells. Furthermore, cell-free derived from MSCs, extracellular vesicles or exosomes, help circumvent limitations MSC therapy. Although has opened new avenues it still faces numerous challenges. In future, essential to strengthen integration basic clinical research, establish standardized protocols preparation quality control, develop plans, rationally combine existing methods maximize its advantages patient prognosis life.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
Autoimmune diseases result from imbalances in the immune system and disturbances mechanisms of tolerance. T-regulatory cells (Treg) are key factors formation Tregs modulate responses repair processes, controlling innate adaptive system. The use treatment autoimmune began with manipulation endogenous using immunomodulatory drugs. Then, a method adoptive transfer grown vitro was developed. Adoptive includes polyclonal non-specific effects antigen-specific form CAR-Treg TCR-Treg. This review discusses approaches to Tregs, their advantages, disadvantages, gaps development, future prospects.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1)
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Biomaterials Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
Immunotherapy has emerged as a powerful approach in treating various diseases, yet its success often hinges on the efficacy of adjuvants, agents that boost immune responses to therapeutic targets. Traditional adjuvants have offered foundational support but may fall short achieving specificity and potency required for advanced therapies. This review highlights new generation poised address these limitations. We explore range innovative agents, including non-inflammatory nucleic acid bacterial derivatives, synthetic molecules, which are redefining role immunotherapy. These emerging hold promise enhancing while tailoring therapies specific disease contexts, from cancer infectious diseases. By examining applications potential this aims provide comprehensive understanding how they can advance immunotherapy levels precision. Through development novel stands achieve more targeted sustained impacts, paving way improved outcomes patient care.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Exploration of Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5
Published: March 4, 2025
In hematological malignancies, autologous immunotherapy with T lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) has been successfully applied. CAR enhances the immuno-cellular effector system directly against cells target antigens. The objective here was to discuss prospects of applying CAR-T and its variants in autoimmune diseases (AIDs) deplete pathogenic autoantibodies by eliminating B plasma cells. play crucial role pathogenesis AID through production autoantibodies, cytokine dysregulation, presentation, regulatory dysfunction. numerous autoreactive clones various autoantigens, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, myositis, sclerosis, targeting CD19/CD20 B-cell maturation (BCMA) have shown success preclinical clinical studies, representing an innovative option for refractory patients when standard treatments fail. suppression reactive specific antigens using cytolytic carrying autoantibody (CAAR-T) offers promising approach managing AIDs, especially those characterized pemphigus vulgaris, myasthenia gravis, anti-NMDAR encephalitis. CAAR-T allows elimination without compromising general functionality immune system, minimizing common side effects immunosuppressive therapies, including immunobiologicals CAR-T. vitro, preclinical, (phase 1) studies demonstrated efficacy specificity several AIDs; however, extensive trials 3) are required assess their safety applicability. These advances promise enhance precision medicine management offering personalized individual patients.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Oct. 24, 2024
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a new treatment for cancers, but reports on curing immune-related skin diseases are limited. We report case of successful CAR-T-cell in patient with refractory/relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) who was incidentally cured chronic generalized plaque psoriasis. The patient, 65-year-old male had known history psoriasis 45 years, did not receive immunotherapy during this period. Imaging, molecular biology and immunology diagnostics confirmed DLBCL. After several weeks standard-dose R-CHOP chemotherapy, the achieved partial remission, according to CT, relapsed, there no significant improvement her symptoms. Subsequently, enrolled CD19 group. Four after infusion, patient's abdominal pain disappeared, overall lesions. One year later, follow-up results indicated complete remission R/R DLBCL (confirmed by PET-CT), only minimal residual psoriatic lesions limited neck. using achieve an incidental cure highlight potential exploring cell-based therapies complex autoinflammatory diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
2