Depression and Its Phytopharmacotherapy—A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 4772 - 4772

Published: March 1, 2023

Depression is a mental health disorder that develops as result of complex psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrinological disturbances. This disease presents with mood disturbances, persistent sadness, loss interest and impaired cognition, which causes distress to the patient significantly affects ability function have satisfying family, social professional life. requires comprehensive management, including pharmacological treatment. Because pharmacotherapy depression long-term process associated risk numerous adverse drug effects, much attention paid alternative therapy methods, phytopharmacotherapy, especially in treating mild or moderate depression. Preclinical studies previous clinical confirm antidepressant activity active compounds plants, such St. John’s wort, saffron crocus, lemon balm lavender, less known European ethnopharmacology, roseroot, ginkgo, Korean ginseng, borage, brahmi, mimosa tree magnolia bark. The these plants exert antidepressive effects similar mechanisms those found synthetic antidepressants. description phytopharmacodynamics includes inhibiting monoamine reuptake oxidase complex, agonistic antagonistic on multiple central nervous system (CNS) receptors. Moreover, it noteworthy anti-inflammatory effect also important mentioned above light hypothesis immunological disorders CNS are significant pathogenetic factor narrative review results from traditional, non-systematic literature review. It briefly discusses pathophysiology, symptomatology treatment depression, particular focus role phytopharmacology its provides action revealed experimental ingredients isolated herbal antidepressants selected confirming their effectiveness.

Language: Английский

---

The Potential of Ginkgo biloba as a Source of Biologically Active Compounds—A Review of the Recent Literature and Patents

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 3993 - 3993

Published: May 9, 2023

is a relict tree species showing high resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Its fruits leaves have medicinal value due the presence of flavonoids, terpene trilactones phenolic compounds. However, ginkgo seeds contain toxic allergenic alkylphenols. The publication revises latest research results (mainly from 2018-2022) regarding chemical composition extracts obtained this plant provides information on use or their selected ingredients in medicine food production. A very important section part which review patents concerning

Language: Английский

---

Immunological dimensions of neuroinflammation and microglial activation: exploring innovative immunomodulatory approaches to mitigate neuroinflammatory progression

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

The increasing life expectancy has led to a higher incidence of age-related neurodegenerative conditions. Within this framework, neuroinflammation emerges as significant contributing factor. It involves the activation microglia and astrocytes, leading release pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines infiltration peripheral leukocytes into central nervous system (CNS). These instances result in neuronal damage neurodegeneration through activated nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family pyrin protein 3 (NLRP3) nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathways decreased erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) activity. Due limited effectiveness regarding inhibition neuroinflammatory targets using conventional drugs, there is challenging growth search for innovative therapies alleviating CNS diseases or even before their onset. Our results indicate that interventions focusing on Interleukin-Driven Immunomodulation, Chemokine (CXC) Receptor Signaling Expression, Cold Exposure, Fibrin-Targeted strategies significantly promise mitigate processes. approaches demonstrate potential anti-neuroinflammatory effects, addressing conditions such Multiple Sclerosis, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease. While findings are promising, immunomodulatory often face limitations due Immune-Related Adverse Events. Therefore, conduction randomized clinical trials matter mandatory, will pave way promising future development new medicines with specific therapeutic targets.

Language: Английский

---

Neural Correlates and Molecular Mechanisms of Memory and Learning

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2724 - 2724

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Memory and learning are essential cognitive processes that enable us to obtain, retain, recall information [...].

Language: Английский

---

Neurodegeneration in Cognitive Impairment and Mood Disorders for Experimental, Clinical and Translational Neuropsychiatry

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 574 - 574

Published: March 5, 2024

Neurodegeneration poses a significant challenge for the fields of neuroscience and medicine, as it is underlying cause development advancement numerous neurodegenerative psychiatric disorders [...]

Language: Английский

---

From Lab to Life: Exploring Cutting-Edge Models for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 613 - 613

Published: March 8, 2024

Neuroscience, neurology, and psychiatry are rapidly evolving fields that aim to understand the complex mechanisms underlying brain function dysfunction, as well develop effective interventions for various neurological psychiatric disorders [...]

Language: Английский

---

A Decade of Dedication: Pioneering Perspectives on Neurological Diseases and Mental Illnesses

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1083 - 1083

Published: May 13, 2024

Welcome to

Language: Английский

---

From Lab to Life: Exploring Cutting-Edge Models for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Published: March 5, 2024

Delve into the dynamic realms of neuroscience, neurology, and psychiatry with this groundbreaking editorial, unveiling intricate mechanisms brain function dysfunction. Explore latest advancements in molecular biology, genetics, epigenetics, pharmacology, neuroimaging that are revolutionizing our understanding neurological psychiatric disorders. Uncover challenges gaps translating cutting-edge research practical clinical applications, aiming to enhance lives patients their families. Discover pivotal role neuroplasticity reshaping brain's adaptability throughout life, alongside promising potential non-invasive stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic direct current stimulation. Embark on a journey innovation collaboration as researchers clinicians strive bridge gap between bench bedside, offering hope for improved diagnosis, prevention, treatment complex conditions. Join us exploration transformative ideas novel interventions hold key brighter future individuals society.

Language: Английский

---

Polyphenols, Alkaloids, and Terpenoids Against Neurodegeneration: Evaluating the Neuroprotective Effects of Phytocompounds Through a Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 124 - 124

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases comprise a group of chronic, usually age-related, disorders characterized by progressive neuronal loss, deformation structure, or loss function, leading to substantially reduced quality life. They remain significant focus scientific and clinical interest due their increasing medical social importance. Most neurodegenerative present intracellular protein aggregation extracellular deposition (plaques), such as α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease amyloid beta (Aβ)/tau aggregates Alzheimer's. Conventional treatments for conditions incur high costs are related the development several adverse effects. In addition, many patients irresponsive them. For these reasons, there is growing tendency find new therapeutic approaches help patients. This review intends investigate some phytocompounds' effects on diseases. These generally increased oxidative stress inflammation, so phytocompounds can prevent treat To achieve our aim provide critical assessment current literature about phytochemicals targeting neurodegeneration, we reviewed reputable databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, COCHRANE, seeking trials that utilized against conditions. A few investigated humans, after screening, 13 were ultimately included following PRISMA guidelines. compounds include polyphenols (flavonoids luteolin quercetin, phenolic acids rosmarinic acid, ferulic caffeic other like resveratrol), alkaloids (such berberine, huperzine A, caffeine), terpenoids ginkgolides limonene). The gathered evidence underscores caffeine, ginkgolides, primarily anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, counteracting neuroinflammation, oxidation, synaptic dysfunctions, which crucial aspects intervention various conditions, Alzheimer's dementias, depression, neuropsychiatric disorders. summary, they show use improvements cognition, memory, disinhibition, irritability/lability, aberrant behavior, hallucinations, mood

Language: Английский

---

Biflavonoids: Important Contributions to the Health Benefits of Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.)

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1381 - 1381

Published: May 23, 2022

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is one of the most distinctive plants, characterized by excellent resistance to various environmental conditions. It used as an ornamental plant and recognized a medicinal in both traditional Western medicine. Its bioactive potential associated with presence flavonoids terpene trilactones, but many other compounds may also have synergistic effects. Flavonoid dimers—biflavonoids—are important constituents ginkgophytopharmaceuticals. Currently, 13 biflavonoids has been reported ginkgo, which amentoflavone, bilobetin, sciadopitysin, ginkgetin isoginkgetin are common. Their role plants remains unknown, their bioactivity management human health better investigated. In this review, we provided overview chemistry, diversity biological factors that influence well health-related properties. We focused on antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal anti-inflammatory activities treatment cardiovascular, metabolic neurodegenerative diseases. highlighted toxicity pointed out further research directions.

Language: Английский

---