BDNF Unveiled: Exploring Its Role in Major Depression Disorder Serotonergic Imbalance and Associated Stress Conditions

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 2081 - 2081

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that plays significant role in the survival and development of neurons, being involved several diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease major depression disorder. The association between BDNF depressive disorder subject extensive research. Indeed, numerous studies indicate decreased levels are linked to an increased occurrence symptoms, neuronal loss, cortical atrophy. Moreover, it has been observed antidepressive therapy can help restore levels. In this review, we will focus on serotonergic imbalance associated stress conditions, particularly hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation oxidative stress. All these features highly connected signaling pathways context disease, exploring topic aim advance our understanding disorder, improve diagnostic treatment approaches, potentially identify new therapeutic targets alleviate heavy burden society.

Language: Английский

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Neurodegeneration in Cognitive Impairment and Mood Disorders for Experimental, Clinical and Translational Neuropsychiatry

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 574 - 574

Published: March 5, 2024

Neurodegeneration poses a significant challenge for the fields of neuroscience and medicine, as it is underlying cause development advancement numerous neurodegenerative psychiatric disorders [...]

Language: Английский

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Menopause-Associated Depression: Impact of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation on the Central Nervous System—A Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 184 - 184

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Perimenopausal depression, occurring shortly before or after menopause, is characterized by symptoms such as emotional anxiety, and stress, often accompanied endocrine dysfunction, particularly hypogonadism senescence. Current treatments for perimenopausal depression primarily provide symptomatic relief but come with undesirable side effects. The development of agents targeting the specific pathologies has been relatively slow. erratic fluctuations in estrogen progesterone levels during stage expose women to risk developing perimenopausal-associated depression. These hormonal changes trigger production proinflammatory mediators induce oxidative leading progressive neuronal damage. This review serves a comprehensive overview underlying mechanisms contributing It aims shed light on complex relationship between hormones, neurotransmitters, brain-derived neurotrophic factors, chronic inflammation, By summarizing intricate interplay fluctuations, neurotransmitter activity, this stimulate further research field. hope that an increased understanding these will pave way more effective therapeutic targets, ultimately reducing menopausal betterment psychological wellbeing.

Language: Английский

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The joint and interactive effects of the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and body mass index on the risk of depression, as well as the mediating role of NHHR: results from NHANES 2005–2023

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Various research in the past has indicated that NHHR, which represents ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) to high-density (HDL-C), and body mass index (BMI) each act independently as contributors depression risk. Nonetheless, studies exploring combination NHHR with BMI relation are limited. Consequently, central aim this study is investigating joint interactive effects on risk, well mediating role NHHR. Encompassing participants aged 20 years or over, incorporated a total 39,704 individuals from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), covered period 2005 2023. To analyze impact its depression, our analytical approach included multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline modeling, interaction testing subgroup analyses. Additionally, we studied BMI. Finally, applied four-way decomposition analysis method examine interactions within aforementioned relationships. Among all study, prevalence depressive disorder (Patient Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10) was 9.2%. Both were associated remained significant even after full adjustment for covariates [NHHR, OR (95% CI): 1.07 (1.04–1.09); BMI, 1.02 (1.02–1.03)]. Compared reference group, CI) highest groups their product term NHHR-BMI 1.41 (1.24–1.61), 1.35 (1.18–1.54), 1.59 (1.37–1.84), respectively. Participants fourth quartile exceeding 30 kg/m², had higher risk compared other first below 25 kg/m² [OR 1.64 (1.34-2.00)]. Results analyses played association between effect accounting 17.6%. Similarly, also mediated 11.0% PHQ-9 score. However, no related found general population. After stratifying by gender, it statistically males. Depression linked both depression. Notably, there non-negligible male participants. considering individually, when combined terms two quartiles. These findings suggest assessment these indicators may help deepen understanding evaluation enhance accuracy stratification, worthy further research.

Language: Английский

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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Depression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 8675 - 8675

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have received considerable attention in the field of mental health, particular regarding treatment depression. This review presents an overview current research on role omega-3 prevention and depressive disorders. The existing body evidence demonstrates that acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA), antidepressant effects can be attributed to their modulation neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter function, neuroplasticity. Nevertheless, clinical trials supplementation yielded inconsistent results. Some studies demonstrated significant reductions symptoms following treatment, whereas others shown minimal no beneficial impact. A range factors, encompassing dosage, ratio EPA DHA, baseline nutritional status, been identified as having a potential impact noted Furthermore, it has suggested may act adjunctive for those undergoing treatment. Notwithstanding these encouraging findings, discrepancies study designs variability individual responses underscore necessity further order establish uniform, standardized guidelines use management

Language: Английский

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Pro-inflammatory cytokines in stress-induced depression: Novel insights into mechanisms and promising therapeutic strategies

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 110931 - 110931

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Depression and type 2 diabetes: A causal relationship and mechanistic pathway

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3031 - 3044

Published: May 27, 2024

Abstract Depression is a mood disorder that may increase risk for the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), vice versa. However, mechanistic pathway linking depression T2D not fully elucidated. The aim this narrative review, therefore, was to discuss possible link between T2D. coexistence twice as great compared occurrence either condition independently. Hyperglycaemia dyslipidaemia promote incidence by enhancing inflammation reducing brain serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine [5HT]). Dysregulation signalling in impairs 5HT signalling, leading depression. Furthermore, associated with hyperglycaemia poor glycaemic control. Psychological stress In conclusion, could be potential factor through induction inflammatory reactions oxidative affect neurotransmission. addition, chronic induce dysregulation hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis circulating cortisol levels, which triggers IR

Language: Английский

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Particulate Matter-Induced Emerging Health Effects Associated with Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1256 - 1256

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Environmental pollution continues to increase with industrial development and has become a threat human health. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) was designated as Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2013 is an emerging global environmental risk factor that major cause of death related cardiovascular respiratory diseases. PM complex composed highly reactive organic matter, chemicals, metal components, which mainly excessive production oxygen species (ROS) can lead DNA cell damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory responses, atherosclerosis, airway remodeling, contributing increased susceptibility exacerbation various diseases infections. effects health depending particle size, physical chemical characteristics, source, exposure period. smaller than 5 μm penetrate accumulate alveoli circulatory system, causing harmful skin, brain. In this review, we describe relationship mechanism ROS-mediated oxidative responses caused organs, well comprehensively discuss harmfulness PM.

Language: Английский

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Advancements Exploring Major Depressive Disorder: Insights on Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, HPA Axis Dysfunction, and Pharmacotherapy Advances

International Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 176 - 196

Published: March 5, 2024

Major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent mental illness, is marked by complex mixture of biological factors. This review focuses on the roles oxidative stress, tryptophan-serotonin metabolism, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in MDD’s pathophysiology. Oxidative defined as an imbalance between pro-oxidants antioxidants, closely linked to neurobiological changes. The tryptophan (TRP)-/serotonin (5-HT) metabolic pathway also known be crucial mood regulation, with its dysregulation being central aspect MDD. Additionally, BDNF, key for neuronal growth plasticity, often shows alterations MDD patients, supporting role disorder’s progression. Furthermore, HPA axis, which manages stress response, frequently disrupted MDD, further contributing pathology. In addition exploring these mechanisms, this explores pharmacotherapy including new advances. These advancements treatment strategies are managing effectively. Understanding mechanisms latest pharmacological interventions essential developing more effective treatments

Language: Английский

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Data Mining Approach to Melatonin Treatment in Alzheimer’s Disease: New Gene Targets MMP2 and NR3C1

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 338 - 338

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Melatonin is a hormone released by the pineal gland that regulates sleep–wake cycle. It has been widely studied for its therapeutic effects on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), particularly through amyloidosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways. Nevertheless, mechanisms which it exerts neuroprotective in AD are still largely unknown. Data mining was used to identify potential gene targets link melatonin’s pathways, yielding comprehensive view of underlying molecular mechanisms. We identified 3397 genes related from DisGeNet 329 melatonin ChEMBL, revealed 223 overlapping shared These were construct protein–protein interaction (PPI) network comprising 143 nodes 823 edges, demonstrated significant PPI enrichment. A cluster analysis highlighted two key clusters centered MMP2 NR3C1, with both playing crucial roles steroid signaling, apoptosis, monoamine neurotransmission. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment KEGG pathway analyses further elucidated their involvement critical instance, signaling apoptosis regulation, significantly influencing pathology such as extracellular matrix remodeling, epigenetic modifications, neuroinflammation. Our findings emphasize NR3C1 important future research treatment AD, paving way investigations into pathophysiology.

Language: Английский

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