Pharmacological Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 107541 - 107541
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Depression,
a
complex
psychological
disorder,
involves
multiple
biological
pathways
in
its
pathogenesis.
In
recent
years,
the
gut-brain
axis
theory
has
provided
novel
insights
into
pathogenesis
of
depression,
particularly
crucial
role
gut
microbiota
mood
regulation.
While
there
remains
no
universal
consensus
on
most
efficacious
strains
for
depression
treatment,
Lactobacillus
rhamnosus
risen
to
prominence
within
realm
probiotics
potential
positively
modulate
depressive
symptoms.
This
review
preliminarily
explores
clinical
significance
treatment
and
summarizes
mechanisms
by
which
treats
including
regulation
microbiota,
alterations
gene
expression,
improvement
intestinal
barrier
function,
maintenance
neurotransmitter
balance,
suppression
inflammatory
responses,
modulation
immune
system,
coping
with
oxidative
stress,
optimization
metabolic
processes.
Future
research
needs
further
explore
these
combine
them
results
optimize
plans
provide
more
effective
options
patients
depression.
Shukurov
Murodbek
Ollamurodogly
Resuscitator
Children's
hospital
of
the
city
Yangiyul
Safarboyev
Izzat
Bohodorovich
YangiyulRelevance.The
most
common
causes
prerenal
acute
renal
failure
(ARF)
in
children
are
dehydration
against
background
gastroenteritis,
accompanied
by
fluid
loss
through
gastrointestinal
tract
(vomiting,
diarrhea),
exogenous
(poisoning)
and
endogenous
(sepsis)
intoxications,
so-called
"losses
third
space"
(with
burns,
nephrotic
syndrome,
liver
diseases).Serious
consequences
oliguria
/
anuria.Early
initiation
extracorporeal
detoxification
helps
to
prevent
development
multiple
organ
failure.Numerous
studies
have
supported
concept
that
antihypertensive
therapy
slows
down
rate
progression
CKD.The
negative
effect
anuric
phase
on
erythropoiesis
is
known
[1][2][3][4].However,
there
not
enough
data
evaluate
effectiveness
anemia
correction
under
3
years
age,
which
served
as
basis
for
this
study.Keywords:
anemia,
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 13, 2024
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
recurrent
episodic
mood
that
represents
the
third
leading
cause
of
disability
worldwide.
In
MDD,
several
factors
can
simultaneously
contribute
to
its
development,
which
complicates
diagnosis.
According
practical
guidelines,
antidepressants
are
first-line
treatment
for
moderate
severe
major
episodes.
Traditional
strategies
often
follow
one-size-fits-all
approach,
resulting
in
suboptimal
outcomes
many
patients
who
fail
experience
response
or
recovery
and
develop
so-called
“therapy-resistant
depression”.
The
high
biological
clinical
inter-variability
within
lack
robust
biomarkers
hinder
finding
specific
therapeutic
targets,
contributing
failure
rates.
this
frame,
precision
medicine,
paradigm
tailors
medical
interventions
individual
characteristics,
would
help
allocate
most
adequate
effective
each
patient
while
minimizing
side
effects.
particular,
multi-omic
studies
may
unveil
intricate
interplays
between
genetic
predispositions
exposure
environmental
through
study
epigenomics,
transcriptomics,
proteomics,
metabolomics,
gut
microbiomics,
immunomics.
integration
flow
information
into
molecular
pathways
produce
better
than
current
psychopharmacological
targets
singular
mainly
related
monoamine
systems,
disregarding
complex
network
our
organism.
concept
system
biomedicine
involves
analysis
enormous
datasets
generated
with
different
technologies,
creating
“patient
fingerprint”,
defines
underlying
mechanisms
every
patient.
This
review,
centered
on
explores
approaches
as
tools
prediction
MDD
at
single-patient
level.
It
investigates
how
combining
existing
technologies
used
diagnostic,
stratification,
prognostic,
treatment-response
discovery
artificial
intelligence
improve
assessment
MDD.
Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 3, 2025
This
study
investigates
the
therapeutic
effectiveness
of
intranasal
dantrolene
nanoparticles
pretreatment
to
inhibit
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced
pathological
inflammation
and
synapse
destruction
depressive
anxiety
behavior
in
mice.
B6SJLF1/J
adult
mice
were
pretreated
with
(dantrolene:
5mg/kg),
daily,
Monday
Friday,
5
days
per
week,
for
4
weeks.
Then,
treated
an
intraperitoneal
injection
LPS
(5mg/kg)
one
time.
Behavioral
tests
depression
performed
24
hours
after
a
one-time
injection.
Biomarkers
pyroptosis-related
cytokines
(IL-1β
IL-18)
blood
brain
measured
using
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
immunoblotting,
respectively.
The
changes
primary
proteins
activation
inflammatory
pyroptosis
(NLRP3:
NLR
family
pyrin
domain
containing
3,
Caspase-1,
N-GSDMD:
N
terminal
protein
gasdermin
D)
(PSD-95
synpatin-1)
brains
immunoblotting.
Intranasal
robustly
inhibited
LPS-induced
behavior.
significantly
elevation
IL-1β
IL-18
pyroptosis.
ameliorated
decrease
PSD-95
synpatin-1
brains.
Thus,
have
demonstrated
neuroprotection
against
inflammation-mediated
behaviors
should
be
studied
further
as
future
effective
drug
treatment
major
disorder
or
psychiatric
disorder.
International Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(1), P. 176 - 196
Published: March 5, 2024
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
a
prevalent
mental
illness,
is
marked
by
complex
mixture
of
biological
factors.
This
review
focuses
on
the
roles
oxidative
stress,
tryptophan-serotonin
metabolism,
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF),
and
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
(HPA)
axis
in
MDD’s
pathophysiology.
Oxidative
defined
as
an
imbalance
between
pro-oxidants
antioxidants,
closely
linked
to
neurobiological
changes.
The
tryptophan
(TRP)-/serotonin
(5-HT)
metabolic
pathway
also
known
be
crucial
mood
regulation,
with
its
dysregulation
being
central
aspect
MDD.
Additionally,
BDNF,
key
for
neuronal
growth
plasticity,
often
shows
alterations
MDD
patients,
supporting
role
disorder’s
progression.
Furthermore,
HPA
axis,
which
manages
stress
response,
frequently
disrupted
MDD,
further
contributing
pathology.
In
addition
exploring
these
mechanisms,
this
explores
pharmacotherapy
including
new
advances.
These
advancements
treatment
strategies
are
managing
effectively.
Understanding
mechanisms
latest
pharmacological
interventions
essential
developing
more
effective
treatments
Nutritional Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(11), P. 1306 - 1320
Published: March 11, 2024
Objective
An
imbalance
between
the
generation
of
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
and
body's
antioxidant
defense
mechanisms
is
believed
to
be
a
critical
factor
in
development
schizophrenia
(SCZ)
like
neurological
illnesses.
Understanding
roles
ROS
SCZ
potential
activity
natural
antioxidants
against
could
lead
more
effective
therapeutic
options
for
prevention
treatment
illness.
Clinics and Practice,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 768 - 779
Published: July 5, 2023
Oxidative
stress
is
defined
as
the
imbalance
between
production
of
free
radicals
and
their
removal
by
antioxidants,
leading
to
accumulation
subsequent
organ
tissue
damage.
Antioxidant
status
its
role
in
has
been
observed
a
number
psychological
disorders.
Glutathione
commonly
referred
principal
antioxidant
brain
and,
therefore,
plays
critical
maintaining
redox
homeostasis.
Reduced
levels
glutathione
increase
vulnerability
oxidative
stress,
may
be
associated
with
development
progression
several
psychiatric
Within
this
review,
we
focus
on
analyzing
potential
associations
pathway
disorders:
major
depressive
disorder,
schizophrenia,
bipolar
generalized
anxiety
disorder.
Our
research
suggests
that
studies
regarding
these
four
disorders
have
shown
decreased
GSH
association
diseased
states;
however,
conflicting
results
note
no
significant
variance
enzymes
and/or
metabolites
based
state.
In
studying
NAC
administration
an
adjunct
therapy,
various
augment
therapy
aid
symptomatic
management
for
disorders,
while
contrasting
exist
within
literature.
Based
findings
throughout
there
room
study
further
suggest
need
such
pathways
consideration
interactions
first-line
pharmacotherapy,
use
antioxidants
supplemental
therapy.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(20), P. 6519 - 6519
Published: Oct. 14, 2023
Postpartum
depression
(PPD)
is
a
disorder
that
impairs
the
formation
of
relationship
between
mother
and
child,
reduces
quality
life
for
affected
women
to
functionally
significant
degree.
Studying
markers
associated
with
PPD
can
help
in
early
detection,
prevention,
or
monitoring
treatment.
The
purpose
this
paper
review
biomarkers
linked
present
selected
theories
on
pathogenesis
disease
based
data
from
biomarker
studies.
complex
etiology
specificity
sensitivity
markers,
but
they
remain
valuable
source
information
clinicians.
biggest
challenge
future
will
be
translate
high-tech
methods
detecting
postpartum
into
more
readily
available
less
costly
ones.
Population-based
studies
are
needed
test
utility
potential
markers.
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
The
consumption
of
takeaways
is
becoming
increasingly
prevalent.
Despite
this,
the
relationship
between
takeaway
food
and
depressive
symptoms
in
Chinese
populations
has
not
been
clarified.
Furthermore,
factors
that
mediate
association
frequency
are
unknown.
Questionnaires
were
employed
to
collect
data
from
6,417
new
students
at
Chongqing
Medical
University
autumn
2023,
including
sociodemographic
information,
frequency,
physical
activity
levels
(measured
by
International
Physical
Activity
Questionnaire
Short
Form),
Patient
Health
Questionnaire-9).
Multiple
linear
regression
mediation
analysis
performed.
imputations
used
fill
missing
through
sensitivity
analyses.
Among
6417
participants,
2,606
(40.6%)
ordered
least
once
a
week,
with
235
(3.7%)
them
ordering
every
day.
Takeaway
was
significantly
associated
(β=0.034,
P=0.006),
partially
mediated
this
(95%
bootstrap
confidence
interval=0.0024,
0.0371).
study
highlights
negative
emotional
well-being,
emphasizing
need
focus
on
health
frequent
consumers.
Moreover,
our
suggests
increased
may
alleviate
takeaway-induced
mood-related
outcomes.
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
81, P. 103547 - 103547
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
The
pathogenesis
of
depression
is
complex
and
heterogeneous,
the
management
this
disease
remains
unsatisfactory,
so
mechanisms
therapeutic
strategies
are
constantly
being
sought.
This
study
aimed
to
determine
potential
role
estrogen
metabolites
in
treatment-resistant
(TRD)
based
on
determination
concentrations
estrogens
their
hydrogen
peroxide
(H202)
biological
material
patients
with
TRD.
In
study,
we
observed
for
first
time
an
association
between
unbalanced
metabolism
elevated
H202
levels
TRD
patients.
Reduced
2-methoxyestradiol
(2-ME2),
17α-estradiol
(α-E2)
17β-estradiol
(β-E2)
may
be
due
abnormal
toward
neurotoxic
semiquinones
quinones
which
a
as
yet
undescribed
mechanism
responsible
generating
oxidative
stress
(OS)
