The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on the Pathologic Mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Development

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1641 - 1641

Published: May 27, 2024

In people with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, lipid glucose metabolism oxidative stress generation interact. This condition, known as a “metabolic syndrome” (MetS), presents global challenge appears to be the underlying mechanism for development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). review is designed based on evidence indicating pathogenic mechanisms MetS. detail, we will look at induction in MetS, effects elevated levels condition’s pathophysiology, matters related endothelial function. According different components MetS pathophysiological network, antioxidants dysfunction are reviewed. After considering strategic role pathophysiology its associated CVDs, management by antioxidant supplementation seems an appropriate therapeutic approach.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Antioxidants and Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways and Their Roles in Metabolic Health

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 203 - 203

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

The interplay between oxidative stress and adipogenesis is a critical factor in the development of obesity its associated metabolic disorders. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupt key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), impairing lipid metabolism, promoting adipocyte dysfunction, exacerbating inflammation insulin resistance. Antioxidants, classified endogenous (e.g., glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) exogenous polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins C E), are pivotal mitigating these effects by restoring redox balance preserving functionality. Endogenous antioxidants neutralize ROS safeguard cellular structures; however, under heightened stress, defenses often insufficient, necessitating dietary supplementation. Exogenous derived from plant-based sources, polyphenols vitamins, act through direct scavenging, upregulation antioxidant enzymes, modulation signaling pathways like nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) PPARγ, reducing peroxidation, inflammation, dysfunction. Furthermore, they influence epigenetic regulation transcriptional networks to restore differentiation limit accumulation. Antioxidant-rich diets, including Mediterranean diet, strongly with improved health, reduced rates, enhanced sensitivity. Advances personalized therapies, guided biomarkers supported novel delivery systems, present promising avenues for optimizing therapeutic interventions. This review, "Crosstalk Between Antioxidants Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways Their Role Metabolic Health", highlights mechanistic which regulate enhance health.

Language: Английский

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Influence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 886 - 886

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common during pregnancy and linked to adverse outcomes. While oxidative stress a proposed pathogenic mechanism, evidence in pregnant populations remains limited. This multicenter, prospective study evaluated through protein carbonyl levels 171 women 86 cord blood samples. Polysomnography (PSG) performed categorized participants with the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) OSA, rapid eye movement (REM) supine OSA. Protein were measured by dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) method. No significant differences found maternal or between OSA non-OSA groups, REM subgroups. Interestingly, shorter (AH) length showed both higher lower nocturnal oxygen saturation. Overall, was not associated increased as levels. However, duration hypoxia may influence stress, pointing complex relationship pregnancy, beyond traditional metrics like AHI. Future studies should explore additional biomarkers diverse molecular pathways that could play role, special attention emerging factors such hypoxic burden elucidate interrelationships more comprehensively.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 797 - 797

Published: June 29, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global public health problem that causes liver-related morbidity and mortality. It also an independent risk factor for non-communicable diseases. In 2020, proposal was made to refer it as "metabolic dysfunction-associated (MAFLD)", with concise diagnostic criteria. Given its widespread occurrence, treatment crucial. Increased levels of oxidative stress cause this disease. This review aims evaluate various studies on antioxidant therapies patients MAFLD. A comprehensive search relevant research conducted the PubMed, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect databases, resulting in identification 87 met inclusion total, 31.1% human used natural antioxidants, 53.3% synthetic 15.5% both antioxidants. human-based studies, antioxidants showed 100% efficacy MAFLD, while effective results only 91% investigations. animal-based research, were fully demonstrated effectiveness 87.8% evaluations. conclusion, their form are more helpful preserving correct balance pro-oxidants useful way monitor treatment.

Language: Английский

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Diet and exercise in relation to lower extremity artery disease

International Angiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(4)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeD) has been associated with a reduced incidence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)/lower extremity (LEAD) in observational trials and randomized trial. In secondary prevention, lower hazard ratio for composite major adverse cardiovascular events better adherence MeD relatively small, This not confirmed sub-analysis large interventional trial dual antithrombotic treatment. The effects vegetarian, vegan or low carbohydrate/ketogenic diets on outcomes PAD/LEAD are known. While abdominal obesity is diabetes mellitus PAD/LEAD, lowest found subjects body mass index 25-29.9 kg/m

Language: Английский

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Influence of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation (Obesity) on the Systemic Inflammatory Response

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

The chronic inflammatory state is a common condition in obesity. It has become health problem with pandemic proportions that, some developing countries, jointly to overweight, affects more than 50% of their population. As part the scenario, we observe how significant proportion people overweight or obesity have raised acute response markers. This situation shows us this can trigger aggressive phenomena critically ill patients other clinical conditions, occasioning torpid evolution, ominous results, and low-rate survival. chapter pretends describe influence low-grade on outcome who develop systemic response.

Language: Английский

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The EVA (Early Vascular Aging) Study: Association of Central Obesity With Worse Arterial Health After Preeclampsia

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(21)

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Background Women with preeclampsia have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. This is partly explained by the worse arterial health after preeclampsia. Central obesity (CO) factor for both and Whether CO contributes to further worsening remains unclear. Our objective was evaluate effect previous on hemodynamics. Methods Results We studied 40 women (<6 years) age-matched controls normotensive pregnancy in same timeframe. estimated hemodynamics validated techniques combining applanation tonometry echocardiography. defined as waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.85. Differences across 3 groups (preeclampsia CO, without controls) were assessed multivariable linear regression models adjusted potential confounders. Twenty-six (65%) participants had compared 18 (45%) controls. Mean patients those no 0.94±0.05, 0.80±0.04, 0.83±0.07, respectively. In analyses, central blood pressure, stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity), steady load (systemic vascular resistance), reflections (reflected pressure amplitude, augmentation index) (P<0.05 each). Fewer hemodynamic domains altered group, diastolic systemic resistance, than (P<0.05). Conclusions who also experience greatest alterations Patients may represent higher-risk subgroup could be targeted stratification primary prevention

Language: Английский

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Effect of ß- Caryophyllene on Urocortin-3 expression in adipose tissue of high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats

African Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 31 - 38

Published: April 27, 2024

Urocortin 3 (Ucn 3), a member of the Corticotrophin-releasing Factor (CRF) family peptides, is strongly expressed in mammalian brain, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreatic β cells has been shown to stimulate insulin secretion. The purpose this study was determine expression UCN3 levels high-fat fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats'' visceral tissue (VAT), also investigate resistance relationship, show effect β-caryophyllene on rats. Diabetic rats were generated by giving high-calorie food composition with 2% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid, 30% coconut oil, 67% regular rat feed, 25% fructose through drinking water for 9 weeks. Then treated an oral effective dose 200 mg or 50 quercetin (QCT)/kg b.wt. once day 30 days find out whether ß-caryophyllene regulates URC3 expression. data indicated that treatment significantly decreased mRNA protein urocortin-3 rats, same as standard drug quercetin. β- Caryophyllene reduced risk type 2 diabetes reducing inflammation brought oxidative stress β-caryophyllene''s antioxidant activity.

Language: Английский

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Hepatic dysmetabolism in polycystic ovarian syndrome: impact of paraoxonase-1 modulation by butyrate

Comparative Clinical Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(4), P. 623 - 632

Published: June 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Role of Antioxidants for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 369 - 410

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Metabolic disorders are a group of various medical conditions affecting metabolic processes in the body and result from abnormal biochemical interfering with proper utilization nutrients. They can be divided into two major categories including inherited or acquired disorders. The (e.g., phenylketonuria, Wilson's disease, etc.) less prevalent as compared to obesity, diabetes mellitus, etc.). In fact, have become health concern worldwide. These oxidative stress that results an imbalance between generation reactive oxygen species body's antioxidant defense against them. There variety herbal drugs natural products known for their activity. comprise different chemical constituents reduce by mechanisms, such free radical scavenging, inhibition lipid peroxidation, metal ion reduction. Most these polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids nature. current chapter, examination is conducted on disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, respect prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, complications, management strategies, function stress. Subsequently, it elucidates antioxidants Eventually, also discusses primary sources drugs, components and, when possible, specific mechanisms which they exhibit effects. Thus, this chapter serves valuable resource, offering information insights molecular relieving stress, paving way integration evolving landscape disorder treatment.

Language: Английский

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