Crosstalk Between Antioxidants and Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways and Their Roles in Metabolic Health

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 203 - 203

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

The interplay between oxidative stress and adipogenesis is a critical factor in the development of obesity its associated metabolic disorders. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupt key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), impairing lipid metabolism, promoting adipocyte dysfunction, exacerbating inflammation insulin resistance. Antioxidants, classified endogenous (e.g., glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) exogenous polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins C E), are pivotal mitigating these effects by restoring redox balance preserving functionality. Endogenous antioxidants neutralize ROS safeguard cellular structures; however, under heightened stress, defenses often insufficient, necessitating dietary supplementation. Exogenous derived from plant-based sources, polyphenols vitamins, act through direct scavenging, upregulation antioxidant enzymes, modulation signaling pathways like nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) PPARγ, reducing peroxidation, inflammation, dysfunction. Furthermore, they influence epigenetic regulation transcriptional networks to restore differentiation limit accumulation. Antioxidant-rich diets, including Mediterranean diet, strongly with improved health, reduced rates, enhanced sensitivity. Advances personalized therapies, guided biomarkers supported novel delivery systems, present promising avenues for optimizing therapeutic interventions. This review, "Crosstalk Between Antioxidants Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways Their Role Metabolic Health", highlights mechanistic which regulate enhance health.

Language: Английский

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Ashwagandha’s Multifaceted Effects on Human Health: Impact on Vascular Endothelium, Inflammation, Lipid Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Outcomes—A Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(15), P. 2481 - 2481

Published: July 31, 2024

, commonly known as Ashwagandha, has been popular for many years. Numerous studies have shown that the extract of this plant, due to its wealth active substances, can induce anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, adaptogenic, anti-arthritic, anti-stress, and antimicrobial effects. This review examines impact Ashwagandha on vascular endothelium, inflammation, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular outcomes. Studies extracts exhibit an anti-angiogenic effect by inhibiting endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced capillary sprouting formation lowering mean density microvessels. Furthermore, results numerous highlight anti-inflammatory role extract, action plant causes a decrease in expression pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, withanolides, present root, ability inhibit differentiation preadipocytes into adipocytes. Research also proved

Language: Английский

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The Association Between Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism (rs1501299) and Metabolic Syndrome

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 209 - 215

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

To investigate the allelic genotypes of adiponectin (APN) gene polymorphisms (rs1501299) and its association with APN level among Mets patients. A total 410 patients 203 healthy subjects were included in study. The serum levels detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. G/T at rs1501299 locus restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction technology. significantly lower than control group (15.0 ± 4.9 mg/L vs 27.2 6.5 mg/L, p < 0.05). distribution three was statistically different between (GG, GT, TT, 0.05), frequencies T alleles higher (GT Logistic regression analysis showed that study allele had a risk those G (OR = 1.85, GT TT compared to GG 1.43; OR 2.14 1.00 ref). Similarly, it increased after combining 1.73, (14.3 5.3 mg/L) (13.4 5.4 genotype (15.5 4.8 occurrence may be associated genetic variants locus, especially for individuals reduce lead developing Mets.

Language: Английский

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Association of oxidative balance score with metabolic syndrome and its components in middle-aged and older individuals in the United States

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among middle-aged and older individuals in the U.S. is rising, posing significant mortality risks. Diet a key factor MetS development, yet few studies have examined combined effects dietary lifestyle factors on this group. Recently, oxidative balance score (OBS), an indicator status encompassing diet physical activity, has attracted interest. This study explores association between OBS MetS, as well its individual components, Americans. Data from 6,157 participants aged 45 years National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2018) were analyzed. was calculated using 16 four factors. Logistic regression used to assess associations MetS. Separate analyses (DOBS) (LOBS) relation Higher quartiles associated with reduced risk (OR 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12-0.51; p < 0.0001), after adjusting for confounders. Increased linked decreases waist circumference (WC) 0.41; CI: 0.30-0.51; triglycerides (TG) 0.71; 0.53-0.92; = 0.0139), blood pressure (BP) 0.53; 0.40-0.69; fasting glucose (FG) 0.61; 0.45-0.81; while HDL-C increased 0.68; 0.51-0.90; 0.0065). DOBS inversely through reductions BP FG HDL-C, though it showed no effect WC or TG. LOBS across WC, BP, FG, TG, increase HDL-C. adults. Enhancing guidelines emphasizing antioxidant-rich foods, fiber, unsaturated fats, alongside changes like regular exercise, smoking cessation, moderate alcohol intake, may be crucial prevention population.

Language: Английский

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Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 10, 2025

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to increased mortality. Diets rich in plant-derived compounds, such as polyphenols, have shown potential benefits for MetS. Among these, flavan-3-ols, class of commonly occurring polyphenolic are known their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we hypothesize that flavan-3-ols intake negatively associated with mortality risk MetS population. Methods This study analyzed NHANES data (2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2017–2018). Flavan-3-ol monomer were obtained from the USDA Flavonoid FNDDS databases. Associations assessed using Cox regression, survival differences compared Kaplan–Meier curves, non-linear trends examined restricted cubic splines. Subgroup analyses conducted explore effect modifications. Results Over median follow-up period 114 months, 1,856 participants survived, while 329 deaths recorded. In Model 3, highest tertile (T3) flavan-3-ol exhibited 33% lower all-cause those lowest (T1) (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.49–0.92). For monomers, hazard ratios ranged 0.55 higher levels epigallocatechin 0.71 gallocatechin. curves indicated significant status across dietary groups. However, no association was found between cardiovascular risk. Additionally, spline (RCS) analysis did not reveal any relationship, interaction effects observed subgroup analysis. Conclusion Higher

Language: Английский

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Post-traumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: the role of some antioxidants in treatment

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 470 - 480

Published: Nov. 9, 2024

The basis for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, cancer, metabolic diseases, low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) and many other disorders is an imbalance between prooxidants antioxidant defense system. It believed that link post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) syndrome (MetS) based on oxidative (OS), increased autonomic nervous system activity, glucocorticoid synthesis activation, or immunological dysregulation. Moreover, pathophysiological changes in systemic LGCI pathways result from modifications receptor reactivity (secondary to emotional physiological arousal) may be inappropriate social behavior consistent with PTSD MetS manifestations. Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting a combination high levels OS activation plays important role PTSD. On hand, type recurrent long-term trauma exacerbates accele­rates cellular aging. accompanied by release reactive oxygen nitrogen species, proinflammatory cytokines, biologically active substances cause OS. purpose this review was discuss individual antioxidants, particular polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, N-acetylcysteine, melatonin, L-arginine, C E vitamins, zinc, copper, selenium, prevention/treatment comorbid pathology MetS, as well analyze new trends directions future research. search conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier) PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. keywords used were “post-traumatic disorder,” “metabolic syndrome,” “antioxidants.” To identify research results could not found during online search, manual bibliography publications used.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasound-Cellulase Synergy for the Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Astragali complanati Semen and Its Antioxidant Properties

Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43, P. 100597 - 100597

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Effects of Religious Fasting on Markers of Oxidative Status in Vitamin D Deficient and Overweight Orthodox Nuns versus Implementation of Time-Restricted Eating in Lay Women from Central and Northern Greece

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Mediterranean diet has been widely suggested to exert significant beneficial effects on endothelial oxida-tive status and cardiometabolic health. Greek Orthodox monasteries, due their specific nutritionaland sartorial habits, comprise a population which strictly adheres nutritional patterns with restricted eating plant-based subset of the Mediter-ranean diet, often accompanied by profound hypovitaminosis D. Time &ndash;restricted is also adopted from large part general lay for health promoting reasons, without restrictions an-imal product consumption, as imposed religious fasting. However, comparative these oxidative stress markers remain scarce. The present study attempted evaluate Christian fasting (COF) in group vitamin D &ndash;deficient overweight nuns Central Northern Greece, compared implementation TRE, 16:8 dietary regimen cohort adult women same region, regard status. A 50 two monasteries Greece one healthy were included. During enrollment detailed recording habits was performed, along scientific registry demographic anthropometric characteristics (via bioimped-ance).Orthodox followed typical regimen[daily feeding window (8 am&ndash;4 pm)] whereas TRE time-window recommenda-tion follow low-fat diet. We included complete biochemical analysis, well calciotropic profiles [Calcium-Ca, Albumin, Parathyroid hormone-PTH, 25-hydroxyvitamin D- 25(OH)D] TAC (trichloroacetic acid), (glutathione) GSH thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations, All groups comparable at baseline calcium, PTH 25(OH)D no differences between groups. manifested lower median con-trols (6.0 vs. 7.2, p 0.04) higher (0.92 0.77, &lt;0.001). TBARS comparisons showed difference No associations 25(OH)D, glucose homeostasis evident. Results this small pilot indicate that both regimens have advantages over each other, increased Nuns after 16th week period COF concentrations group. Future randomized trials are required investigate superiority or non-inferiority patterns, daily clinical setting.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Religious Fasting on Markers of Oxidative Status in Vitamin D-Deficient and Overweight Orthodox Nuns versus Implementation of Time-Restricted Eating in Lay Women from Central and Northern Greece

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(19), P. 3300 - 3300

Published: Sept. 29, 2024

Background/Objectives: The Mediterranean diet has been widely suggested to exert significant beneficial effects on endothelial oxidative status and cardiometabolic health. Greek Orthodox monasteries, due their specific nutritional sartorial habits, comprise a population thatstrictly adheres patterns with restricted eating plant-based subset of the diet, often accompanied by profound hypovitaminosis D. Time-restricted (TRE) is also adopted bya large part general lay for health-promoting reasons, without restrictions animal product consumption, as imposed religious fasting. However, comparative these stress markers remain scarce. Methods: present study attempted evaluate Christian fasting (COF) in group vitamin D-deficient overweight nuns from Central Northern Greece compared implementation TRE, 16:8 dietary regimen (16 h food abstinence 8 feeding) cohort adult women same region regard status. A 50 two monasteries one healthy were included. During enrollment, detailed recording habits was performed, along scientific registry demographic anthropometric characteristics (via bioimpedance). followed typical [daily feeding window (8 a.m.-4 p.m.)], whereas TRE time-window recommendation follow low-fat diet. We included complete biochemical analysis, well calciotropic profiles [calcium-Ca, albumin, parathyroid hormone-PTH, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-25(OH)D] TAC (total antioxidant capacity), GSH (glutathione),and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) concentrations Results: All groups at baseline regarding calcium, PTH, 25(OH)D concentrations, no statistically differences between apart higher PTH levels lower levels. manifested median controls (6.0 vs. 7.2, p 0.04) (0.92 0.77, < 0.001). TBARS comparisons showed difference groups. No associations 25(OH)D, glucose homeostasis evident. Conclusions: results this small pilot indicate that both regimens have advantages over each other, increased after 16-week period COF group. Future randomized trials are required investigate superiority or non-inferiority daily clinical setting.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin B12 and diabetic neuropathies

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 481 - 490

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin, cobalamin) is an essential cofactor in two important biochemical pathways: methylmalonic acid metabolism and methionine synthesis from homocysteine. In addition to hematologic abnormalities (megaloblastic anemia or even pancytopenia), cobalamin deficiency can cause neurologic symptoms similar diabetic neuropathy (DN). The underlying molecular mechanisms of DN are still unclear. Most studies have identified the contribution low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) oxidative stress (OS) development DN. Immunohistochemical calf muscle nerve biopsies obtained patients with diabetes mellitus indicate activation LGCI pathway caused by increased levels advanced glycation end products, which leads OS. Similar results were found vitamin deficiency. Thus, clinical changes may be cellular vitro vivo demonstrated that has intrinsic antioxidant activity. cobalamin, regardless its classical function as a cofactor, act intracellular, particular intramitochondrial, antioxidant. This serve rationale for use treatment DN, early subclinical stages. purpose this review was discuss role prevention well analyze new trends directions future research. search conducted Scopus, Science Direct (from Elsevier) PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. keywords used B12, mellitus, neuropathy, cardiac autonomic neuropathy. A manual bibliography publications identify study could not during online search.

Language: Английский

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