Impact of Heat Stress on Poultry Health and Performances, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

Animals, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1266 - 1266

Published: July 24, 2020

Heat stress is one of the major environmental stressors in poultry industry resulting substantial economic loss. causes several physiological changes, such as oxidative stress, acid-base imbalance, and suppressed immunocompetence, which leads to increased mortality reduced feed efficiency, body weight, intake, egg production, also affects meat quality. Several strategies, with a variable degree effectiveness, have been implemented attenuate heat poultry. Nutritional restricting feed, wet or dual feeding, adding fat diets, supplementing vitamins, minerals, osmolytes, phytochemicals, widely studied found reduce deleterious effects stress. Furthermore, use naked neck (Na) frizzle (F) genes certain breed lines gained massive attention recent times. However, only few these strategies used industry. Therefore, developing heat-tolerant along proper management nutritional approach needs be considered for solving this problem. Thus, review highlights scientific evidence regarding on health performances, potential mitigation against broiler chickens laying hens.

Language: Английский

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Radical Response: Effects of Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress on Lipid Metabolism in the Avian Liver

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 35 - 35

Published: Dec. 30, 2020

Lipid metabolism in avian species places unique demands on the liver comparison to most mammals. The synthesizes vast majority of fatty acids that provide energy and support cell membrane synthesis throughout bird. Egg production intensifies as hepatic lipids are needed create yolk. enzymatic reactions underlie de novo lipogenesis energetically demanding require a precise balance vitamins cofactors proceed efficiently. External stressors such overnutrition or nutrient deficiency can disrupt this compromise liver’s ability metabolic needs. Heat stress is an increasingly prevalent environmental factor impairs lipid liver. effects heat stress-induced oxidative particular concern modern commercial chickens due threat global poultry production. Chickens highly vulnerable because their limited capacity dissipate heat, high activity, internal body temperature, narrow zone thermal tolerance. Modern lines both broiler (meat-type) layer (egg-type) especially sensitive rates mitochondrial metabolism. While supports growth egg production, it also yields damage mitochondria, cellular membranes proteins, making birds more other environment. Studies date indicate interact performance well-being broilers layers. purpose review summarize impact Recent advances shed light molecular mechanisms potential nutritional/managerial strategies counteract negative integrated.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional manipulation to combat heat stress in poultry – A comprehensive review

Journal of Thermal Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 98, P. 102915 - 102915

Published: March 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Fibrosis: Types, Effects, Markers, Mechanisms for Disease Progression, and Its Relation with Oxidative Stress, Immunity, and Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 4004 - 4004

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Most chronic inflammatory illnesses include fibrosis as a pathogenic characteristic. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components build up in excess to cause or scarring. The fibrotic process finally results organ malfunction and death if it is severely progressive. Fibrosis affects nearly all tissues of the body. associated with inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling, where balance between oxidant antioxidant systems appears be key modulator managing these processes. Virtually every system, including lungs, heart, kidney, liver, can affected by fibrosis, which characterized an excessive accumulation connective tissue components. Organ frequently caused remodeling, also linked high morbidity mortality. Up 45% fatalities industrialized world are damage any organ. Long believed persistently progressing irreversible, has now been revealed very dynamic preclinical models clinical studies variety systems. pathways from and/or main topics this review. Furthermore, different organs their effects was discussed. Finally, we highlight many principal mechanisms fibrosis. These could considered promising targets for development potential therapies important human diseases.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress in poultry production

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(9), P. 104003 - 104003

Published: June 25, 2024

Oxidative stress (OS) is a major concern that impacts the overall health of chickens in modern production systems. It characterized by an imbalance between antioxidant defence mechanisms and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This literature review aims to provide comprehensive overview oxidative poultry production, with emphasis on its effects growth performance, immune responses, reproductive outcomes. highlights intricate underlying OS discusses how various factors, including dietary components, genetic predispositions, environmental stressors can exacerbate ROS. Additionally, impact performance physiological systems examined. The study also emphasizes relationship diseases, highlighting impaired defenses increase bird's susceptibility infections. assesses existing approaches reducing response these challenges. includes managing techniques lower environment, supplements, nutritional interventions. effectiveness naturally occurring antioxidants, plant extracts, minerals, vitamins improve resistance damage To under conditions, activation cellular homeostatic networks termed vitagenes, such as Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related 2 (Nrf2) necessary for synthesis protective factors counteract increased ROS RNS. Future studies into novel strategies chicken would build research advances knowledge gaps identified this review.

Language: Английский

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Silymarin and Inflammation: Food for Thoughts

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 98 - 98

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Inflammation is a vital defense mechanism, creating hostile conditions for pathogens, preventing the spread of tissue infection and repairing damaged tissues in humans animals. However, when inflammation resolution delayed or compromised as result its misregulation, process proceeds from acute phase to chronic inflammation, leading development various illnesses. It proven that redox balance disturbances oxidative stress are among major factors inducing NF-κB over-inflammation. Therefore, anti-inflammatory properties natural antioxidants have been widely tested vitro vivo systems. Accumulating evidence indicates silymarin (SM) main constituent silibinin/silybin (SB) great potential an anti-inflammation agent. The mechanism SM/SB action attributed inhibition TLR4/NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways downregulated expression pro-inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, CCL4, CXCL10, etc. Of note, same model systems, was able upregulate cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-β, etc.) lipid mediators involved inflammation. inflammatory were clearly demonstrated systems based on immune (macrophages monocytes) non-immune (epithelial, skin, bone, connective cancer) cells. At time, confirmed number models, toxicity nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, ischemia/reperfusion stress-induced injuries, ageing exercising wound healing many other relevant seems likely activities key elements health-promoting these phytochemicals.

Language: Английский

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Taurine as a Natural Antioxidant: From Direct Antioxidant Effects to Protective Action in Various Toxicological Models

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 1876 - 1876

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention over the last 3 decades. At same time, attitude to free radicals is slowly changing, and their signalling role in adaptation stress has recently a lot of attention. Among many different body, taurine (Tau), sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, shown special place as an important natural modulator antioxidant defence networks. Indeed, Tau synthesised most mammals birds, requirement met by both synthesis food/feed supply. From analysis recent data, it could be concluded that direct effect due scavenging limited expected only few mammalian/avian tissues (e.g., heart eye) with comparatively high (>15–20 mM) concentrations. The stabilising effects on mitochondria, prime site radical formation, are characterised deserve more deficiency been compromise electron transport chain mitochondria significantly increase production. It seems likely maintaining optimal status possible control Tau’s protective action great importance various conditions human life, related commercial animal poultry In vitro vivo toxicological models, showed AO effects. membrane-stabilizing effects, inhibiting ROS-producing enzymes, well indirect via redox balance maintenance associated modulation transcription factors Nrf2 NF-κB) vitagenes also contribute its conditions, thus

Language: Английский

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Dietary effect of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) on quail performance, carcass, blood metabolites and intestinal microbiota

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 100(8), P. 101266 - 101266

Published: May 19, 2021

This study aimed to assess the impacts of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal microbiota, liver and kidney functions, immunity, oxidative status, lipid profile Japanese quails. A total 200 one-week-old unsexed quails with an average initial body weight 26.24 ± 0.2 g were randomly distributed into 5 equal groups 40 birds further subdivided replicates. The first (control) group was fed a diet without any licorice, while powder added at levels 250, 500, 750, 1000 mg per kg in second, third, fourth, fifth groups, respectively. At age 3 wk, quail supplemented 750 licorice/kg gained highest (BW) daily (DBW), attaining lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared other groups. Meanwhile, diets 0 250 mg/kg showed intake. After 5-wk feeding trial, BW DBW values, FCR recorded diet. different treatments produced no significant differences (P > 0.05) characteristics, including percentages carcass, liver, gizzard, heart, giblets, dressing. blood had higher contents protein GLOB, its A/G%, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) lower. Apart from high level (1000 mg/kg), MDA linearly quadratically = 0.0413 0.001) decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), antioxidant capacity (TAC), immunoglobulin G (IgG), M (IgM) increased when control group. Licorice supplementation resulted marked reductions number bacteria, coliforms, E. coli, Salmonella, those control. In conclusion, inclusion enhances animal's capacity, maintains healthy gut microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidants in Poultry Nutrition and Reproduction: An Update

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 105 - 105

Published: Jan. 25, 2020

For the last three decades poultry [...].

Language: Английский

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Stress and immunity in poultry: light management and nanotechnology as effective immune enhancers to fight stress

Cell Stress and Chaperones, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 457 - 472

Published: April 13, 2021

The poultry industry plays a significant role in boosting the economy of several countries, particularly developing and acts as good, cheap, affordable source animal protein. A stress-free environment is main target production. There are stressors, such cold stress, heat high stocking density, diseases that can affect birds cause deleterious changes. Stress reduces feed intake growth, well impairs immune response function, resulting disease susceptibility. These effects correlated with higher corticosteroid levels modulate pathways cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction Toll-like signaling along induction excessive production reactive oxygen species (ROS) thus oxidative stress. Several approaches have been considered to boost bird immunity overcome stress-associated effects. Of these, dietary supplementation certain nutrients management modifications, light management, commonly considered. Dietary supplementations improve by improving development lymphoid tissues triggering beneficial modulators responses. Since nano-minerals bioavailability compared inorganic or organic forms, they highly recommended be included bird's diet during Additionally, cheap safe approach control Changing from continuous intermittent using monochromatic instead normal performance health. Such changes associated reduction ROS increased antioxidant In this review, we discuss impact stress on system transcriptome immune-related genes, addition, how mitigate

Language: Английский

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