Sustainable E-Fuels: Green Hydrogen, Methanol and Ammonia for Carbon-Neutral Transportation

World Electric Vehicle Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 349 - 349

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Increasingly stringent sustainability and decarbonization objectives drive investments in adopting environmentally friendly, low, zero-carbon fuels. This study presents a comparative framework of green hydrogen, ammonia, methanol production application clear context. By harnessing publicly available data sources, including from the literature, this research delves into evaluation Building on these insights, outlines process, application, strategic pathways to transition greener economy by 2050. envisioned transformation unfolds three progressive steps: utilization as sustainable fuel source for transport applications; integration fuels industries; establishment mechanisms achieving net zero. However, also reveals formidable challenges producing methanol. These encompass technological intricacies, economic barriers, societal considerations, far-reaching policy implications necessitating collaborative efforts innovative solutions successfully develop deploy The findings unequivocally demonstrate that renewable energy sources play pivotal role enabling fuels, positioning global landscape energy.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in hydrogen energy systems: A review of levelized costs, financial incentives and technological innovations

Innovation and Green Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 100149 - 100149

Published: May 28, 2024

Hydrogen energy systems (HES) are increasingly recognized as pivotal in cutting global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, especially transportation, power generation, and industrial sectors. This paper offers a comprehensive review of HES, emphasizing their diverse applications economic viability. By 2030, hydrogen is expected to revolutionize various sectors, significantly impacting CO2 abatement demand. In electricity could reduce emissions by 50–100 million tons annually, requiring 10–20 an investment $50–100 billion, underscoring its role grid stabilization. Additionally, the heating sector, facilitate 30–50 tons. We examine levelized cost (LCOH) production, influenced factors like production methods, efficiency, infrastructure. While steam methane reforming cost-effective, it poses larger environmental impact compared electrolysis. The life-cycle decreases scales up, with current costs ranging from $1–3 per kg for fossil-based sources $3.4–7.5 electrolysis using low-emission electricity. These projected decrease, electrolytic regions abundant solar energy. However, despite technical feasibility decarbonization, high still pose challenges. A systematic effective transition economy requires policy financial support mechanisms, including incentives, subsidies, tax measures, funding research development pilot projects. discusses hydrogen's advanced storage technologies such hydrides Japan's ENE-FARM solution residential energy, need strategic investments across value chain enhance HES competitiveness, LCOH, advance learning rates technologies.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable hydrogen supply chain development for low-carbon transportation in a fossil-based port region: A case study in a tourism hub

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 95 - 111

Published: April 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Prospects of Solar Energy in the Context of Greening Maritime Transport

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 2141 - 2141

Published: March 1, 2025

The aim of this article is to examine existing technologies for the use electrical energy and develop proposals their improvement on maritime vessels. As a criterion evaluating effectiveness alternative sources ships, factors such as greenhouse gas emissions levels, production transportation characteristics, onboard storage conditions, technoeconomic indicators have been proposed. analysis fuel types reveals that hydrogen has zero emissions. However, issues, along with high investment required implementation, pose barriers widespread This demonstrates solar can serve an gases liquid fuels in transport. challenges utilizing shipping are analyzed, trends transport discussed, future research directions sector most significant findings include identification application sector, including adaptation concentrated power (CSP) systems applications; development materials designs panels specifically tailored marine conditions; methods assessing long-term economic benefits using vessels; creation regulatory frameworks international standards ships. Furthermore, hybrid photovoltaic diesel systems, promising could efforts implement direct torque control instead field-orientated well working compensating higher harmonics phase current spectra asynchronous motors.

Language: Английский

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A Review of LCA Studies on Marine Alternative Fuels: Fuels, Methodology, Case Studies, and Recommendations

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 196 - 196

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology can be used to quantitatively assess the greenhouse gas emissions of low- or zero-carbon marine alternative fuels throughout their life cycle (from well wake) and is an important basis for ensuring a green energy transition in shipping industry. This paper first clarifies trends requirements low-carbon development introduces major ship emission reduction technologies evaluation methods. Next, characteristics various (i.e., LNG, hydrogen, methanol, ammonia, biofuels) are comprehensively discussed analyzed terms production, storage, transportation, applications. In addition, this work provides comprehensive overview LCA methodology, including its relevant standards assessment tools, establishes framework fuels. On basis, literature review current research on from perspectives carbon emissions, pollution economics presented. The case covers 64 alternative-fueled ships 12 groups fleets operating different countries waters. Finally, discusses main shortcomings that exist outlook future

Language: Английский

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Newly developed detailed urea decomposition mechanism by marine engine urea-SCR system crystallization test and DFT calculations

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 470, P. 144176 - 144176

Published: June 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Feasibility analysis of green hydrogen production from oceanic energy

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. e20046 - e20046

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Oceanic energy, such as offshore wind energy and various marine sources, holds significant potential for generating green hydrogen through water electrolysis. Offshore-generated has the to be transported standard pipelines stored in diverse forms. This aids mitigating variability of renewable sources power generation and, consequently, capacity reshape framework electrical systems. research provides a comprehensive review existing state investigation technological advancement domain other hydrogen. The primary focus is on technical, economic, environmental issues. technology's optimal features have been pinpointed achieve utmost production, providing insights enhancements that can propel development efforts forward. objective this study furnish valuable information companies by presenting multiple avenues progress. Concurrently, it strives expand its technical economic outlook within clean fuel sector. analysis delivers into best operating conditions an farm, most suitable electrolyzer environments economical storage medium. production process from systems found feasible possess reduced ecological footprint compared grey production.

Language: Английский

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An evaluation of methanol engine utilization regarding economic and upcoming regulatory requirements for a container ship

Sustainable Production and Consumption, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 345 - 356

Published: May 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Safety Assessment of the Ammonia Bunkering Process in the Maritime Sector: A Review

Energies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 4019 - 4019

Published: May 10, 2023

One of the main goals shipping industry is to decarbonize fuels used in maritime transportation. Ammonia thought be a potential alternative for hydrogen storage future, allowing CO2-free energy systems. Ammonia’s beneficial characteristics with regard include its high volumetric density, low pressure, and long-term stability. However, ammonia characterized by toxicity, flammability, corrosiveness, making safety challenge compared other fuels. In specific circumstances, leakage from bunkering can cause risks, dispersion, unsafe areas due flammability toxicity. Based on an analysis 118 research papers 50 regulations guidelines, this review report evaluates various aspects hazards associated processes, considering both current future implications. This also includes latest advancements developments related as marine fuel. Several standards supply systems are discussed. paper examines experiments numerical investigations conducted using different methods bunkering, such terminal-to-ship, ship-to-ship, truck-to-ship transfers. shows that toxicity more relevant topics vapor cloud dispersion than flammability. Finally, challenges recommendations implementation further development fuel proposed. suggests new directions overcome disadvantages gaps during periods.

Language: Английский

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Revolution in Renewables: Integration of Green Hydrogen for a Sustainable Future

Energies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(16), P. 4148 - 4148

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

In recent years, global efforts towards a future with sustainable energy have intensified the development of renewable sources (RESs) such as offshore wind, solar photovoltaics (PVs), hydro, and geothermal. Concurrently, green hydrogen, produced via water electrolysis using these RESs, has been recognized promising solution to decarbonizing traditionally hard-to-abate sectors. Furthermore, hydrogen storage provides long-duration approach managing intermittency which ensures reliable stable electricity supply supports electric grid operations ancillary services like frequency voltage regulation. Despite significant progress, economy remains nascent, ongoing developments persistent uncertainties in economic, technological, regulatory aspects. This paper comprehensive review value chain, encompassing production, transportation logistics, methodologies, end-use applications, while identifying key research gaps. Particular emphasis is placed on integration into both grid-connected islanded systems, focus operational strategies enhance resilience efficiency over long short terms. Moreover, this draws case studies from pioneering projects inform that can accelerate adoption large-scale deployment technologies across diverse sectors geographies.

Language: Английский

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