Digital health: trends, opportunities and challenges in medical devices, pharma and bio-technology

CSI Transactions on ICT, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 11 - 30

Published: April 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Endothelial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2909 - 2909

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

The cerebral vascular system stringently regulates blood flow (CBF). components of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) protect brain from pathogenic infections and harmful substances, efflux waste, exchange substances; however, diseases develop in cases vessel injuries BBB dysregulation. Vascular pathology is concurrent with mechanisms underlying aging, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia (VaD), which suggests its involvement these mechanisms. Therefore, present study, we reviewed role dysfunction aging neurodegenerative diseases, particularly AD VaD. During development aforementioned changes occur morphology local cells, which, turn, alter CBF, fluid dynamics, integrity. Chronic inflammation dysregulation further exacerbate dysfunction. Multitudinous processes affect cerebrovascular system, whose causes cognitive impairment. Knowledge regarding pathophysiology molecular may lead to discovery clinically relevant biomarkers, facilitate imaging for prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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The role and potential of computer-aided drug discovery strategies in the discovery of novel antimicrobials

Computers in Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 107927 - 107927

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become more of a concern in recent decades, particularly infections associated with global public health threats. The development new antibiotics is crucial to ensuring infection control and eradicating AMR. Although drug discovery are essential processes the transformation candidate from laboratory bedside, they often very complicated, expensive, time-consuming. pharmaceutical sector continuously innovating strategies reduce research costs accelerate candidates. Computer-aided (CADD) emerged as powerful promising technology that renews hope researchers for faster identification, design, cheaper, less resource-intensive, efficient In this review, we discuss an overview AMR, potential, limitations CADD AMR discovery, case studies successful application technique rapid identification various This review will aid achieving better understanding available techniques novel candidates against resistant pathogens other infectious agents.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Applying Computer-Aided Drug Design for Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 4688 - 4688

Published: April 28, 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease are incurable affect millions of people worldwide. The development treatments for this unmet clinical need is a major global research challenge. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods minimize the huge number ligands that could be screened in biological assays, reducing cost, time, effort required to develop new drugs. In review, we provide an introduction CADD examine progress applying other molecular docking studies NDs. We updated overview potential therapeutic targets various NDs discuss some advantages disadvantages these tools.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiological Responses and Roles of Astrocytes in Traumatic Brain Injury

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 6418 - 6418

Published: June 15, 2021

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is immediate damage caused by a blow to the head resulting from traffic accidents, falls, and sporting activity, which causes death or serious disabilities in survivors. TBI induces multiple secondary injuries, including neuroinflammation, disruption of blood–brain barrier (BBB), edema. Despite these emergent conditions, current therapies for are limited insufficient some cases. Although several candidate drugs exerted beneficial effects animal models, most them failed show significant clinical trials. Multiple studies have suggested that astrocytes play key role pathogenesis TBI. Increased reactive astrocyte-derived factors commonly observed both patients experimental models. Astrocytes detrimental on TBI, promotion restriction neurogenesis synaptogenesis, acceleration suppression repair BBB via bioactive factors. Additionally, astrocytic aquaporin-4 involved formation cytotoxic Thus, attractive targets novel therapeutic although astrocyte-targeting not yet been developed. This article reviews recent observations roles expected

Language: Английский

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Neuroprotective Function of High Glycolytic Activity in Astrocytes: Common Roles in Stroke and Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 6568 - 6568

Published: June 18, 2021

Astrocytes (also, astroglia) consume huge amounts of glucose and produce lactate regardless sufficient oxygen availability, indicating a high capacity for aerobic glycolysis. Glycolysis in astrocytes is activated accordance with neuronal excitation leads to increases the release from astrocytes. Although fate this remains somewhat controversial, it believed fuel neurons as an energy substrate. Besides providing lactate, astrocytic glycolysis plays important role neuroprotection. Among minor pathways metabolism, flux pentose-phosphate pathway (PPP), major shunt glycolysis, attracting research interest. In fact, PPP activity five seven times higher than that neurons. The key protecting against oxidative stress by reduced form glutathione, which necessary eliminate reactive species. Therefore, enhancing might promote protection during acute ischemic stroke. Contrariwise, dysfunction have been implicated pathogenesis various neurodegenerative diseases such Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, since mitochondrial trigger accelerate disease progression.

Language: Английский

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Military traumatic brain injury: a challenge straddling neurology and psychiatry

Military Medical Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of has become an invaluable, intangible effect the war. In this review, we begin by examining related military research, summarizing epidemiological data, neuropathology, and research achievements diagnosis treatment technology, discussing its comorbidity sequelae. To date, advances in neuroimaging molecular biology have greatly boosted studies on traumatic brain injury (TBI). particular, terms pathophysiological mechanisms, several preclinical identified abnormal protein accumulation, blood-brain barrier damage, metabolism abnormalities involved development TBI. As important concept field TBI is based organic injury, which largely different from many other mental disorders. Therefore, both neuropathic psychopathic, emerging challenge at intersection neurology psychiatry.

Language: Английский

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DeePred-BBB: A Blood Brain Barrier Permeability Prediction Model With Improved Accuracy

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 3, 2022

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selective and semipermeable boundary that maintains homeostasis inside the central nervous system (CNS). BBB permeability of compounds an important consideration during CNS-acting drug development difficult to formulate in succinct manner. Clinical experiments are most accurate method measuring permeability. However, they time taking labor-intensive. Therefore, numerous efforts have been made predict using computational methods. accuracy prediction models has always issue. To improve prediction, we applied deep learning machine algorithms dataset 3,605 diverse compounds. Each compound was encoded with 1,917 features containing 1,444 physicochemical (1D 2D) properties, 166 molecular access fingerprints (MACCS), 307 substructure fingerprints. performance metrics developed were compared analyzed. neural network (DNN), one-dimensional convolutional network, by transfer found be 98.07, 97.44, 97.61%, respectively. best performing DNN-based model selected for "DeePred-BBB" model, which can their simplified input line entry (SMILES) notations. It could useful screening based on at preliminary stages development. DeePred-BBB available https://github.com/12rajnish/DeePred-BBB.

Language: Английский

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Future directions for the discovery of natural product-derived immunomodulating drugs: an IUPHAR positional review

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 106076 - 106076

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Drug discovery from natural sources is going through a renaissance, having spent many decades in the shadow of synthetic molecule drug discovery, despite fact that product-derived compounds occupy much greater chemical space than those created chemistry methods. With this new era comes possibilities, not least novel targets have emerged recent times and development state-of-the-art technologies can be applied to sources. Although progress has been made with some immunomodulating drugs, there remains pressing need for agents used treat wide variety conditions arise disruption, or over-activation, immune system; products may therefore key filling gap. Recognising that, at present, no authoritative article details current immunomodulatory activity products, in-depth review arisen joint effort between International Union Basic Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) Natural Products Immunopharmacology Sections, contributions number world-leading researchers field product provide "position statement" on what offer search argents. To end, we historical look previous discoveries naturally occurring immunomodulators, present picture status insight into future opportunities challenges drugs immune-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Emerging polymeric biomaterials and manufacturing-based tissue engineering approaches for neuro regeneration-A critical review on recent effective approaches

Smart Materials in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 337 - 355

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

The nervous system is a crucial part of the human body that damaged by traumatic injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies also have shown diseases are associated with subsequently increased risk COVID-19-related death. Presently used pharmacological therapeutic strategies only symptomatic treatments involve disruption axonal tracts unable to repair regenerate CNS tissue thereby leading significant unmet clinical needs involved in neural degeneration. use stem cell based regenerative medicine approaches limited due heavy cost, ethical concerns graft rejection. To address all these limitations, engineering philosophy has been developed focuses on exploring developing smart biomaterials for regeneration. A scaffold upon natural synthetic polymers meant very potential role mimic extracellular matrix cells permit growth different types improving biological behavior vitro vivo effects. They treat neurological disorders without classic drug delivery limitations. Among biopolymers, collagen-based hydrogel successfully applied conduits trials ultimately replicate native physiological environment tissues control favor regeneration nerve tissue. main objective this review investigate recent applications next-generation polymeric useful management We discuss outlook scaffolds could pave way successful practices.

Language: Английский

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