The role and mechanism of tryptophan – kynurenine metabolic pathway in depression

Reviews in the Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 313 - 324

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, normally accompanied with cognitive impairment. Due to its rising incidence high rate of recurrence disability, MDD poses substantial threat patients' physical health, as well significant economic cost society. However, the etiology pathogenesis are still unclear. Chronic inflammation may cause indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) become overactive throughout body brain, resulting in excess quinolinic acid (QUIN) less kynuric (KYNA) brain. QUIN's neurotoxicity damages glial cells neurons, accelerates neuronal apoptosis, hinders neuroplasticity, causes depression due inflammation. Therefore, abnormal TRP-KYN metabolic pathway metabolites have been closely related MDD, suggesting changes might contribute MDD. In addition, targeting traditional Chinese medicine showed promising treatment effects for This review summarizes recent studies on depression, which would provide theoretical basis exploring depression.

Language: Английский

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Psychological outcomes of COVID-19 survivors at sixth months after diagnose: the role of kynurenine pathway metabolites in depression, anxiety, and stress

Journal of Neural Transmission, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 129(8), P. 1077 - 1089

Published: July 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Alterations of the Composition and Neurometabolic Profile of Human Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 2162 - 2162

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Factors causing pathogenesis of MDD include gut microbiota (GM), which interacts with host through gut-brain axis. In previous studies GM in patients, 16S rRNA sequencing was used, provided information about composition but not function. our study, we analyzed whole metagenome data to assess changes both and functional profile GM. We looked at 36 compared that 38 healthy volunteers. Comparative taxonomic analysis showed decreased abundances Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia hominis, intestinalis, elevated Escherichia coli Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans patients. observed levels bacterial genes encoding key enzymes involved production arginine, asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, melatonin, acetic, butyric conjugated linoleic acids, spermidine These produced signature pairs prausntizii correlated this species results show potential impact identified biomarker bacteria their metabolites on MDD, should be confirmed future metabolomic studies.

Language: Английский

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Dramatic increase of suicidality in children and adolescents after COVID-19 pandemic start: A two-year longitudinal study

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 63 - 67

Published: April 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Phase-and disorder-specific differences in peripheral metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in major depression, bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 564 - 577

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Objectives Kynurenine, kynurenic and quinolinic acid are important metabolites in tryptophan metabolism. Due to an involvement glutamatergic neurotransmission immune response, previous studies have investigated this pathway mental disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar (BD) or schizophrenia (SCZ). Tryptophan kynurenine been shown be decreased across disorders, hinting at the missing link how inflammation causes neurotoxicity psychiatric symptoms. The main aim of our study was investigate if individual catabolites could serve diagnostic biomarkers for MDD, BD SCZ.Methods We measured plasma levels tryptophan, kynurenine, acid, ratio acid/kynurenic using mass spectrometry n = 175 participants with acute episodes after remission, compared controls.Results Decreased all were found whole patient group, driven by difference between HC. Manic mixed phase individuals displayed significantly lower levels. not find significant differences disorders. Upon reaching changes catabolite partially normalised.Conclusions Our data suggests especially but disqualifying those differential diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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The Epidemic of Internalizing Problems Among Latinx Adolescents Before and During the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 66 - 82

Published: March 30, 2023

Objective Latinx youth exhibit disproportionately higher internalizing symptoms than their peers from other racial/ethnic groups. This study compares depression and anxiety between referred students of non-Latinx backgrounds before during the COVID-19 pandemic examines key determinants within sample.Method Data are analyzed four academic years – two 1220 5th through 8th grade (Mage = 12.1; 59.6% female; 59.9% or mixed-Latinx) for services across 59 Chicago Public School District (CPS) elementary schools. Using Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) Revised Child Anxiety Scale (RCADS), mean scores risk levels depression, social anxiety, generalized examined.Results Higher comorbidity rates were found in second year pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic levels. reported students. During more classified as having comorbid scored clinical range Within sample, girls gender non-conforming highest maladjustment.Conclusions Results highlight pressing need examine long-term impact on mental health children adolescents, address problems.

Language: Английский

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Three measures of internet use, social media use and video game playing as predictors of insomnia during the pandemic among students

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Existing research indicates that the relationship between digital technology use and insomnia can largely depend on which measure is considered. Data 4261 Slovenian tertiary students was gathered through an online survey in February 2021, included measures of depression symptoms, as well internet, social media video game divided into three measurement levels (use, duration use, addictive use). Regression analysis revealed apparent effect level, where consistently outperformed other predicting insomnia. Regardless seems to produce more risk for insomnia, compared playing games or general internet leisure purposes. Importantly, a single symptoms explained variance than nine combined, meaning sleep should not be overstated. Most may fact by understanding users' symptoms. In case gaming, larger part its independent

Language: Английский

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Effects of tele-yoga on school adolescents’ mental health, quality of life, and postlockdown adaptability

Archives of Mental Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated challenges for adolescents, necessitating telehealth interventions to address mental health, quality of life (QOL), and postlockdown adaptability. Objective: objective this study was evaluate the efficacy sustained impact tele-yoga on QOL, school adaptability adolescents in Kerala. Materials Methods: An experimental comparing a intervention group with control over 8 weeks. Outcomes were measured at baseline, postintervention using Well-being Children during Lockdown Scale, Strengths Difficulties Questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality Life-BREF scales followed by 3-month assessed via semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Tele-yoga improved particularly social overall QOL domains. Mental health indicators showed minor improvements. Participants reported enhanced adaptability, including better focus academic management. Conclusion: shows promise as an accessible, effective improving adolescent while supporting Further research warrants exploration long-term engagement yoga into environments.

Language: Английский

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Salud mental infantojuvenil en atención primaria en tiempos de COVID: ¿qué ha cambiado?

Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 28 - 43

Published: March 1, 2025

Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 ha podido precipitar el deterioro de la Salud Mental Infantojuvenil (SMIJ), su manejo y tratamiento, lo que este estudio trata comparar número consultas relativas a SMIJ atendidas en Atención Primaria (AP), así como derivación Especializada (AE) prescripción farmacológica. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo pacientes pediátricos AP provincia Zaragoza patología relacionada con dos periodos: “prepandemia” “pandemia”. Resultados: muestra total fue 6854 (56,9% "prepandemia" 43,1% "pandemia";p<0,001). En "pandemia" disminuyeron trastornos del sueño (N=541 vs N=420; p<0,001), enuresis (N=85 N=43; comportamiento (N=918 N=671 ;p<0,001), trastorno déficit atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) (N=612 N=330;p<0,001) alteraciones desarrollo psicomotor (N=1004 N=765; p<0,001); se incrementaron las derivaciones (N=34 N=138;p<0,001) (N=52 N=236;p<0,001 reducción TDAH (N=198 N=81;p<0,001) (N=580 N=233;p<0,001). edad media inferior (9,89 7,64 años; aumento ratio Psiquiatría/Psicología (de 5,2 5,9; p=0,018). Tras subperiodo 2a aumentó psicofármacos 2,6% al 4,4% (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Las totales han disminuido "pandemia". Sin embargo, cobrado mayor relevancia los respecto totales. Es posible telemedicina haya propiciado sobretratamiento farmacológico mayores tasas SMIJ.

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Anxiolytic Effect of Satureja montana Dry Extract and its Active Compounds Rosmarinic Acid and Carvacrol in Acute Stress Experimental Model

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(5)

Published: July 18, 2022

Anxiety disorders are an important not only medical, but also social problem, affecting approx. 300 million people worldwide in 2019. Medications used the treatment of anxiety associated with many adverse reactions, which explains increased use herbal products as anxiolytics.An anxiolytic activity Satureja montana, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol after 14-day long administration on animal model acute stress was studied. For measurement effect elevated plus maze, interaction Vogel tests were provided well examination locomotor activity.The dry extract montana at both tested doses significantly time spent recognition, compared to control groups. The reduced closed arms proportion entries into open total maze positive group. Likewise, a new congener test. Both compounds ratio similarly montana. Only arms.Satureja experimental exerted significant almost all employed for evaluating anxious behavior. Carvacrol showed moderate effect.

Language: Английский

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