Emerging Translational Research in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: From In Vitro to In Vivo Models

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(21), P. 15739 - 15739

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Revealing the underlying pathomechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disorders, searching for new biomarkers, developing novel therapeutics all require translational research [...].

Language: Английский

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Emerging Translational Research in Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: From In Vitro to In Vivo Models

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Revealing the underlying pathomechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disorders, searching for new biomarkers, developing novel therapeutics all require translational research. In vivo in vitro disease models have been instrumental casting light on complex polygenic, multifactorial, heterogeneous mechanisms. most recent years, advanced preclinical revealed intriguing interaction sex/gender aging with pathogenesis clinical manifestations diseases. However, despite these advancements, there is still a great deal work to be done fully comprehend mechanisms diseases develop treatments that can significantly improve lives those who suffer from them. The current challenge field disease-modifying, effective long-lasting debilitating conditions high burden disease.The first edition research topic ‘Emerging Translational Research Neurological Psychiatric Diseases: From Vitro Vivo Models’ reinforces playing critical role bridging gap between basic applications. Also, it provides platform researchers share their findings advancements this field. This collection gathers 25 papers offering insights into latest potential avenues treatments. These cover various topics, including development models, use methods, application qualitative quantitative methods.

Language: Английский

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Navigating the Neurobiology of Migraine: From Pathways to Potential Therapies

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 1098 - 1098

Published: June 25, 2024

Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder characterized by recurring episodes of throbbing headaches that are frequently accompanied sensory disturbances, nausea, and sensitivity to light sound [...]

Language: Английский

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The Impact of C-3 Side Chain Modifications on Kynurenic Acid: A Behavioral Analysis of Its Analogs on Motor Domain

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

The central nervous system (CNS) is the final frontier in drug delivery because of blood-brain barrier (BBB), which poses significant barriers to access most drugs their targets. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan (Trp) metabolite, plays an important role behavioral functions and abnormal KYNA levels have been observed neuropsychiatric conditions. current challenge lies delivering CNS owing its polar side chain. Recently, C-3 chain modified analogs shown cross BBB; however, it unclear whether they retain biological parent molecule. This study examined impact analogs, specifically SZR-72, SZR-104, newly developed SZRG-21, on behavior. were administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), effects motor domain compared with those KYNA. Specifically, open field (OF) rotarod (RR) tests employed assess activity skills. SZR-104 increased horizontal exploratory OF test at dose 0.04 μmol/4 μL, while SZR-72 decreased vertical doses 0.1 μL. In RR test, neither nor showed any differences skills either dose. Side modification affects affective performance behavior, as results show for first time. this study, we that alter emotional components such motor-associated curiosity emotions. Consequently, design necessitates development precise strategies traverse BBB paying close attention modifications

Language: Английский

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The Impact of C-3 Side Chain Modifications on Kynurenic Acid: A Behavioral Analysis of Its Analogs in the Motor Domain

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3394 - 3394

Published: March 16, 2024

The central nervous system (CNS) is the final frontier in drug delivery because of blood–brain barrier (BBB), which poses significant barriers to access most drugs their targets. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan (Trp) metabolite, plays an important role behavioral functions, and abnormal KYNA levels have been observed neuropsychiatric conditions. current challenge lies delivering CNS owing its polar side chain. Recently, C-3 chain-modified analogs shown cross BBB; however, it unclear whether they retain biological functions parent molecule. This study examined impact analogs, specifically, SZR-72, SZR-104, newly developed SZRG-21, on behavior. were administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), effects motor domain compared with those KYNA. Specifically, open-field (OF) rotarod (RR) tests employed assess activity skills. SZR-104 increased horizontal exploratory OF test at dose 0.04 μmol/4 μL, while SZR-72 decreased vertical doses 0.1 μL. In RR test, neither nor showed any differences skills either dose. Side chain modification affects affective performance behavior, as results show for first time. this study, we that alter emotional components such motor-associated curiosity emotions. Consequently, design necessitates development precise strategies traverse BBB paying close attention modifications

Language: Английский

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The Involvement of Antioxidants in Cognitive Decline and Neurodegeneration: Mens Sana in Corpore Sano

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 701 - 701

Published: June 7, 2024

With neurodegenerative disorders being on the rise, a great deal of research from multiple fields is conducted in order to further knowledge and propose novel therapeutic interventions. Among these investigations, role antioxidants contrasting cognitive decline putting forward interesting promising results. In this review, we aim collect evidence that focused variety antioxidant-rich foods improving or stabilizing functions, memory, Alzheimer’s disease, most common disorder. Specifically, considered collected humans, either through longitudinal studies randomized, placebo-controlled ones, which evaluated performance, memory abilities, progression level neurodegeneration. Overall, despite between study protocols, cohorts participants involved, neuropsychological tests used, investigated antioxidants, there solid trend suggests properties may be helpful hampering older people. Thus, help future will elucidate neuroprotection lead development interventions take into account such findings provide more global approach treating disorders.

Language: Английский

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‘Nip it in the bud’: Low-frequency rTMS of the prefrontal cortex disrupts threat memory consolidation in humans

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 104548 - 104548

Published: April 28, 2024

It is still unclear how the human brain consolidates aversive (e.g., traumatic) memories and whether this process can be disrupted. We hypothesized that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) crucially involved in threat memory consolidation. To test this, we used low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) within stabilization time window to disrupt expression of memory. combined a differential threat-conditioning paradigm with LF-rTMS targeting dlPFC critical condition, occipital stimulation, delayed sham as control conditions. In defensive reactions were reduced immediately after 1 h 24 later. stark contrast, no decrease was observed conditions, thus showing both anatomical temporal specificity our intervention. provide causal evidence selectively early consolidation period prevents persistence return conditioned responses. Furthermore, disruption lasted longer than inhibitory created by TMS protocol, which suggests influenced neural activity hampered underlying, time-dependent process. These results important insights for future clinical applications aimed at interfering aversive, threat-related memories.

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing our understanding of Parkinson’s disease: Dr. Heinz Reichmann’s pioneering research and future research direction

Journal of Neural Transmission, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(12), P. 1367 - 1387

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Millions of individuals around the world are afflicted with Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent and incapacitating neurodegenerative disorder. Dr. Reichmann, distinguished professor neurologist, has made substantial advancements in domain PD research, encompassing both fundamental scientific investigations practical applications. His research illuminated etiology treatment PD, as well function energy metabolism premotor symptoms. As precursor to number neurotransmitters neuromodulators that implicated pathophysiology he also investigated application tryptophan (Trp) derivatives disease. principal findings insights summarized synthesized this narrative review article, which emphasizes challenges implications for future research. This aims identify analyze key contributions Reichmann field ultimate goal informing directions domain. By examining Reichmann's work, study seeks provide comprehensive understanding his major how they can be applied advance diagnosis PD. paper explores potential intersection emerging avenues, such investigation Trp its metabolites, particularly kynurenines, could lead new therapeutic strategies managing disorders like

Language: Английский

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Intranasal Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Alleviates Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 446 - 446

Published: March 23, 2024

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury arises from inadequate oxygen delivery to the brain, commonly occurring following cardiac arrest, which lacks effective treatments. Recent studies have demonstrated therapeutic potential of exosomes released mesenchymal stem cells. Given challenge systemic dilution associated with intravenous administration, intranasal has emerged as a promising approach. In this study, we investigate effects intranasally administered in an animal model. Exosomes were isolated cell supernatants using ultracentrifugation method. Brain was induced Sprague-Dawley rats through transient four-vessel occlusion Intranasal administration conducted 3 × 108 exosome particles 20 µL PBS or alone, daily for 7 days post-injury. Long-term cognitive behavioral assessments, biodistribution exosomes, and histological evaluations apoptosis neuroinflammation conducted. primarily detected olfactory bulb one hour after subsequently distributing striatum midbrain. Rats treated exhibited substantial improvement function up 28 insult, significantly fewer apoptotic cells along higher neuronal survival hippocampus. found be taken by microglia, leading decrease expression cytotoxic inflammatory markers.

Language: Английский

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Medical intelligence for anxiety research: Insights from genetics, hormones, implant science, and smart devices with future strategies

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: Aug. 4, 2024

Abstract This comprehensive review article embarks on an extensive exploration of anxiety research, navigating a multifaceted landscape that incorporates various disciplines, such as molecular genetics, hormonal influences, implant science, regenerative engineering, and real‐time cardiac signal analysis, all while harnessing the transformative potential medical intelligence [medical + artificial (AI)]. By addressing fundamental research questions, this study investigated foundations underlying disorders, shedding light intricate interplay genetic factors contributing to etiology progression anxiety. Furthermore, delves into emerging implications biomaterials, defibrillators, state‐of‐the‐art devices for elucidating their roles in diagnosis, treatment, patient management. A pivotal contribution is development AI‐driven model analysis. innovative approach offers promising avenue enhancing precision timeliness diagnosis monitoring. Leveraging machine learning AI techniques enables accurate classification persons with based data, thereby ushering new era personalized data‐driven mental health care. Identifying themes knowledge gaps lays foundation future directions roadmap scholars practitioners navigate field. In conclusion, serves vital resource, consolidating diverse perspectives fostering deeper understanding disorders from biological, technological standpoints, ultimately advancing clinical practice. categorized under: Application Areas > Health Care Science Technology Technologies Classification

Language: Английский

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