Mitochondria: It is all about energy

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 25, 2023

Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron calcium homeostasis the of hormones neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, nucleus, outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk between mitochondria circadian clocks, gut microbiota, immune system. might even be hub supporting integrating activity across these domains. Hence, they (missing) link Mitochondrial dysfunction related metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular infectious inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding mitochondrial action that allow for maintenance pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although have allowed us adapt changes over course evolution, turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences its own way. use physiological stress triggers tolerance stressor, achieving adaptability resistance. describes strategies could recover functioning providing comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach recovering treating people suffering diseases.

Language: Английский

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Breast Cancer Stem Cells Secrete MIF to Mediate Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming That Drives Immune Evasion

Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 84(8), P. 1270 - 1285

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract Reprogramming of energy metabolism exerts pivotal functions in cancer progression and immune surveillance. Identification the mechanisms mediating metabolic changes may lead to improved strategies suppress tumor growth stimulate antitumor immunity. Here, it was observed that secretomes hypoxic breast cells stem (BCSC) induced reprogramming pathways, particularly glycolysis, normoxic cells. Screening BCSC secretome identified MIF as a factor potentiating glycolysis. Mechanistically, increased c-MYC–mediated transcriptional upregulation glycolytic enzyme aldolase C by activating WNT/β-catenin signaling. Targeting attenuated glycolysis impaired xenograft metastasis. depletion also augmented intratumoral cytolytic CD8+ T proinflammatory macrophages while decreasing regulatory tumor-associated neutrophils microenvironment. Consequently, targeting therapeutic efficacy checkpoint blockade triple-negative cancer. Collectively, this study proposes an attractive target circumvent immunosuppression Significance: secreted induces bulk engenders immunosuppressive microenvironment, identifying strategy improve immunotherapy

Language: Английский

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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT): Pathways to Tumorigenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 4849 - 4849

Published: April 29, 2024

Discovered as inflammatory cytokines, MIF and DDT exhibit widespread expression have emerged critical mediators in the response to infection, inflammation, more recently, cancer. In this comprehensive review, we provide details on their structures, binding partners, regulatory mechanisms, roles We also elaborate significant impact driving tumorigenesis across various cancer types, supported by extensive vitro, vivo, bioinformatic, clinical studies. To date, only a limited number of trials explored therapeutic target patients, has not been evaluated. The ongoing pursuit optimal strategies for targeting highlights potential promising antitumor candidates. Dual inhibition may allow most effective suppression canonical non-canonical signaling pathways, warranting further investigations exploration.

Language: Английский

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MIF and CD74 as Emerging Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1773 - 1773

Published: May 4, 2024

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is used to treat a wide range of cancers; however, some patients are at risk developing treatment resistance and/or immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Thus, there great need for the identification reliable predictive biomarkers response and toxicity. The cytokine MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) its cognate receptor CD74 intimately connected with cancer progression have previously been proposed as prognostic patient outcome in various cancers, including solid tumors such malignant melanoma. Here, we assess their potential ICB irAE development. We provide brief overview function roles context autoimmune disease. also review evidence showing that may be use highlight careful consideration required when assessing serum levels biomarker due reported circadian expression human plasma. Finally, suggest future directions establishment development guide further research this field.

Language: Английский

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Impact of exosome therapy on pancreatic cancer and its progression

Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(8)

Published: July 5, 2023

Abstract Pancreatic cancer, one of the most aggressive tumors, has a dismal prognosis because low rates early identification, fast progression, difficulties following surgery, and ineffectiveness current oncologic therapies. There are no imaging techniques or biomarkers that can accurately identify, categorize, predict biological behavior this tumor. Exosomes extracellular vesicles play crucial rule in metastasis, chemoresistance pancreatic cancer. They have been verified to be potential for cancer management. Studying role exosomes is substantial. secreted by eukaryotic cells participated intercellular communication. The components exosomes, including proteins, DNA, mRNA, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, circular etc., regulating tumor growth, angiogenesis process development, used as prognostic marker and/or grading basis patients. Hereby, concise review, we intend summarize isolation, exosome secretion, function, importance progression exosomal miRNAs possible biomarkers. Finally, application treatment , which provides theoretical supports using serve precise clinic, will discussed.

Language: Английский

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Circular RNAs as Key Regulators in Cancer Hallmarks: New Progress and Therapeutic Opportunities

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104612 - 104612

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in cancer biology, contributing to various hallmarks, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Defined by their covalently closed loop structure, circRNAs possess unique characteristics like high stability, abundance, tissue-specific expression. These non-coding function through mechanisms such miRNA sponging, interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), modulating transcription splicing. Advances RNA sequencing bioinformatics tools enabled the identification functional annotation of across different types. Clinically, demonstrate specificity sensitivity samples, offering potential diagnostic prognostic biomarkers. Additionally, therapeutic strategies involving circRNA mimics, inhibitors, delivery systems are under investigation. However, precise remain unclear, more clinical evidence is needed regarding roles hallmarks. Understanding will pave way for novel approaches, potentially improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Modeling the lymph node stromal cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: insights into the stromal cues in nodal metastasis

Human Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Blocking MIF secretion enhances CAR T-cell efficacy against neuroblastoma

European Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115263 - 115263

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Helicobacter pylori-related serum indicators: Cutting-edge advances to enhance the efficacy of gastric cancer screening

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3)

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Helicobacter pylori (H. ) infection induces pathological changes via chronic inflammation and virulence factors, thereby increasing the risk of gastric cancer development. Compared with invasive examination methods, H. -related serum indicators are cost-effective valuable for early detection (GC); however, large-scale clinical validation sufficient understanding specific molecular mechanisms involved lacking. Therefore, a comprehensive review analysis recent advances in this field is necessary. In review, we systematically analyze relationship between GC discuss application new biomarkers screening. We also summarize screening potential anti-H. immunoglobulin G factor-related antibodies identifying risk. These provide warning enhance accuracy. Additionally, combination multiple development emerging testing methods to improve accuracy efficiency Although may lack evidence due limitations existing studies, including small sample sizes, regional variations, inconsistent it contributes advancing personalized precision medicine high-risk populations developing strategies.

Language: Английский

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Profiling the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of HPV-Associated Base of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma

OncoTargets and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 263 - 281

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (BOTSCC) is a prevalent and aggressive form oral cancer, often associated with poor patient outcomes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) HPV-positive BOTSCC critical in influencing cancer progression treatment response. This study aims to analyze the TME by examining expression key genes involved various biological processes. We utilized RT2 Profiler PCR Array quantify 168 related inflammation, immunity, oncogenesis, suppression, apoptosis, angiogenesis. Enrichment analysis hallmarks was performed on all upregulated genes. Additionally, we investigated correlation between levels ten most highly survival prognosis HPV-associated patients. Our revealed dysregulation 42 tumor-immune interactions, 20 22 downregulated. Furthermore, identified 64 linked development, 33 31 High-risk HPV (hr-HPV) genotypes were found 81% patients, predominantly HPV-35 HPV-16. highlights complexity TME, underscoring need for further research into molecular pathways immune interactions identify new therapeutic targets improved treatment.

Language: Английский

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