Glioblastoma Therapy: Past, Present and Future

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2529 - 2529

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Glioblastoma (GB) stands out as the most prevalent and lethal form of brain cancer. Although great efforts have been made by clinicians researchers, no significant improvement in survival has achieved since Stupp protocol became standard care (SOC) 2005. Despite multimodality treatments, recurrence is almost universal with rates under 2 years after diagnosis. Here, we discuss recent progress our understanding GB pathophysiology, particular, importance glioma stem cells (GSCs), tumor microenvironment conditions, epigenetic mechanisms involved growth, aggressiveness recurrence. The discussion on therapeutic strategies first covers SOC treatment targeted therapies that shown to interfere different signaling pathways (pRB/CDK4/RB1/P16

Language: Английский

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The use of photodynamic therapy in medical practice

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 8, 2024

Cancer therapy, especially for tumors near sensitive areas, demands precise treatment. This review explores photodynamic therapy (PDT), a method leveraging photosensitizers (PS), specific wavelength light, and oxygen to target cancer effectively. Recent advancements affirm PDT’s efficacy, utilizing ROS generation induce cell death. With history spanning over decades, dynamic evolution has expanded its application across dermatology, oncology, dentistry. aims dissect principles, from inception contemporary medical applications, highlighting role in modern treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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Beyond fluorescence-guided resection: 5-ALA-based glioblastoma therapies

Acta Neurochirurgica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 166(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite advances in multimodal concepts over last decades, prognosis remains poor. Treatment of patients with glioblastoma a considerable challenge due to infiltrative nature tumor, rapid growth rates, and tumor heterogeneity. Standard therapy consists maximally safe microsurgical resection followed by adjuvant radio- chemotherapy temozolomide. In recent years, local therapies have been extensively investigated experimental as well translational levels. External stimuli-responsive such Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Sonodynamic (SDT) Radiodynamic (RDT) can induce cell death mechanisms via generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) after administration five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which induces formation sensitizing porphyrins within tissue. Preliminary data from clinical trials are available. The aim this review summarize status therapeutic approaches an adjunct current standard glioblastoma.

Language: Английский

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ROS regulation in gliomas: implications for treatment strategies

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Gliomas are one of the most common primary malignant tumours central nervous system (CNS), which glioblastomas (GBMs) and destructive type. The glioma tumour microenvironment (TME) has unique characteristics, such as hypoxia, blood-brain barrier (BBB), reactive oxygen species (ROS) neovascularization. Therefore, traditional treatment effect is limited. As cellular oxidative metabolites, ROS not only promote occurrence development gliomas but also affect immune cells in microenvironment. In contrast, either too high or low levels detrimental to survival cells, indicates threshold ROS. an in-depth understanding mechanisms production scavenging, ROS, role TME can provide new methods strategies for treatment. Current increase include photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic (SDT), chemodynamic (CDT), etc., eliminate ingestion antioxidants. Increasing/scavenging potentially applicable treatment, further studies will help more effective

Language: Английский

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Photodynamic therapy and associated targeting methods for treatment of brain cancer

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Brain tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme, are currently a cause of suffering and death tens thousands people worldwide. Despite advances in clinical treatment, the average patient survival time from moment diagnosis multiforme application standard treatment methods such as surgical resection, radio- chemotherapy, is less than 4 years. The continuing development new therapeutic for targeting treating brain tumors may extend life provide greater comfort to patients. One developing method photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy progressive used dermatology, dentistry, ophthalmology, has found use an antimicrobial agent. It also wide photodiagnosis. requires presence three necessary components: clinically approved photosensitizer, oxygen light. This paper review selected literature Pubmed Scopus scientific databases field with emphasis on treatment.

Language: Английский

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Long term follow-up of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma treated by intraoperative photodynamic therapy: an update from the INDYGO trial (NCT03048240)

Journal of Neuro-Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 168(3), P. 495 - 505

Published: May 16, 2024

Abstract Purpose Glioblastoma remains incurable despite optimal multimodal management. The interim analysis of open label, single arm INDYGO pilot trial showed actuarial 12-months progression-free survival (PFS) 60% (median 17.1 months), overall (OS) 80% 23.1 months). We report updated, exploratory analyses OS, PFS, and health-related quality life (HRQOL) for patients receiving intraoperative photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA HCl). Methods Ten were included (May 2017 – April 2021) standardized therapeutic approach including 5-ALA HCl fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS), followed by PDT a 200 J/cm 2 dose light. Postoperatively, received adjuvant (Stupp protocol) then every 3 months (clinical cerebral MRI) until disease progression and/or death. Procedure safety toxicity occurring during the first four weeks after assessed. Data concerning relapse, HRQOL prospectively collected analyzed. Results At cut-off date (i.e., November 1st 2023), median follow-up was 23 (9,7–71,4). No unacceptable or unexpected toxicities no treatment-related deaths occurred study. Kaplan–Meier estimated 23.4 12-month PFS rate 60%, 12-month, 24-month, 5-year OS rates 80%, 50% 40%, respectively. Four still alive (1 patient free recurrence). Conclusion 5 years-follow-up, surgical maximal excision as initial standard treatment suggests an increase time to recurrence in high proportion patients. Quality maintained without any severe side effects. Trial registration NCT number NCT03048240. EudraCT number: 2016–002706-39.

Language: Английский

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Applications and challenges of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of skin malignancies

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), as a minimally invasive treatment method, has demonstrated its distinct advantages in the management of skin malignant tumors. This article examines current application status PDT, assesses successful cases and challenges clinical treatment, anticipates future development trends. PDT utilizes photosensitizers to interact with light specific wavelengths generate reactive oxygen species that selectively eradicate cancer cells. Despite PDT’s exceptional performance enhancing patients’ quality life prognosis, limitation depth side effects remain unresolved issues. With advancement novel innovative technology, prospects are increasingly expansive. delves into mechanism various malignancies, limitations, envisions development. We believe through continuous technological enhancements integration other technologies, potential assume more pivotal role malignancies.

Language: Английский

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Hierarchically Engineered Self-Adaptive Nanoplatform Guided Intuitive and Precision Interventions for Deep-Seated Glioblastoma

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), particularly the deep-seated tumor where surgical removal is not feasible, poses great challenges for clinical treatments due to complicated biological barriers and risk of damaging healthy brain tissue. Here, we hierarchically engineer a self-adaptive nanoplatform (SAN) that overcomes delivery by dynamically adjusting its structure, surface charge, particle size, targeting moieties precisely distinguish between parenchyma cells. We further devise

Language: Английский

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Beneficial effects on T cells by photodynamic therapy with talaporfin enhance cancer immunotherapy

International Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a local cancer treatment using photosensitizers, has been reported to enhance antitumor immune responses by inducing immunogenic cell death. Although several studies have demonstrated the synergistic effects of PDT and checkpoint blockage (ICB), detailed underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated immunological with talaporfin (Tal-PDT), clinically approved photosensitizer, bilateral tumor-bearing mouse models. Treatment Tal-PDT on tumor one side resulted in growth inhibition untreated opposite side. This phenomenon, accompanied antigen-specific reactions, is indicative an abscopal effect. When combined anti PD-L1 Ab, were observed both laser-treated sides. Mechanistically, enhanced induction XCR-1+ dendritic cells proximal draining lymph node likely through ferroptosis cells. This, turn, led systemic generation precursor-exhausted CD8+ T Moreover, was selectively incorporated into rather than tumor-infiltrating vivo, leading targeted killing while preserving These beneficial anti-tumor immunity collectively ICB immunotherapy. Our study demonstrates potential combining for clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of the Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on the Brain: A Review of the Literature

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104536 - 104536

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. These have a diverse molecular origin and very poor prognosis. There is lack of effective treatment at WHO grade IV glioma, all glioblastomas progress or recur. Current treatments including surgical intervention, radiation therapy, chemotherapy insufficient can cause damage to healthy tissue neurological deficits. The preservation during therapeutic intervention made extremely difficult by ability malignant diffusely infiltrate surrounding parenchyma. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) modality for glioma that possibly overcome inherent shortcommings traditional therapies. involves use photosensitizer (PS) which, upon absorption light photosensitized tissue, triggers photochemical reactions generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading killing tumor cells. Research focusing on PDT already underway with promising results. Clinical studies shown it be safe acceptable levels side effects. However, some adverse sequelae been observed these tumours, such as increased photosensitivity, intracranial pressure transient aphasia worsening pre-existing Although clinical well described, mechanisms PDT's effects not yet thoroughly characterized. In our work, we attempt summarize photosensitization neural vasculature blood-brain barrier (BBB). We also point findings presenting approaches protect from photodynamic damage.

Language: Английский

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