Sodium alginate based drug delivery in management of breast cancer

Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 119689 - 119689

Published: June 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Identification of the novel exhausted T cell CD8 + markers in breast cancer

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Cancer is one of the most concerning public health issues and breast cancer common cancers in world. The immune cells within tumor microenvironment regulate development. In this study, single cell data sets were used to identify marker gene for exhausted CD8 + T (CD8Tex) cancer. Machine learning methods cluster subtypes establish prognostic models with bulk using evaluate impacts CD8Tex. We analyzed overexpressing survival-associated genes identified CD8Tex hub protein-protein-interaction network. relevance T-cells was evaluated. clinical associations sequencing spatial data. pan-cancer expression, survival, association analyzed. biomarker CD8Tex-based subtyping systems performed well separation patients different survival. CRTAM, CLEC2D, KLRB1 as demonstrated have potential therapy impact. This study provides a unique view critical therapy.

Language: Английский

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CAR-T cell therapy for triple-negative breast cancer and other solid tumors: preclinical and clinical progress

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(6), P. 593 - 605

Published: March 21, 2022

Most breast cancer-related deaths arise from triple-negative cancer (TNBC). Molecular heterogeneity, aggressiveness and the lack of effective therapies are major hurdles to therapeutic progress. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy in TNBC. This approach combines specificity an antibody with effector function T cells.This review examines opportunities provided by CAR-T cell solid tumors. Emerging targets, ongoing clinical trials, prospective implications TNBC considered later. An emphasis is placed on key challenges possible solutions for this approach.A challenge therapy selection optimal targets minimize on-target/off-tumor toxicity. Tumor escape via loss intrinsic heterogeneity further hurdle. TROP2, GD2, ROR1, MUC1 EpCAM targets. Persistence trafficking tumor may be enhanced implementation CARs chemokine and/or constitutively activated interleukin receptors. Fourth-generation (TRUCKs) redirect T-cells universal cytokine-mediated killing. Combinatorial approaches application other immune could revert suppressive environment that characterizes neoplasms.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment’s Role in Breast Cancer: A Glimpse into Promising Frontiers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(20), P. 15332 - 15332

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Breast cancer (BC), one of the most widespread and devastating diseases affecting women worldwide, presents a significant public health challenge. This review explores emerging frontiers research focused on deciphering intricate interplay between BC cells immune microenvironment. Understanding role system in is critical as it holds promise for novel therapeutic approaches precision medicine strategies. delves into current literature regarding microenvironment's contribution to initiation, progression, metastasis. It examines complex mechanisms by which interact with various cell populations, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Furthermore, this highlights impact immune-related factors, such cytokines checkpoint molecules. Additionally, comprehensive analysis sheds light potential biomarkers associated response BC, enabling early diagnosis prognostic assessment. The implications targeting microenvironment are also explored, encompassing immunotherapeutic strategies combination therapies enhance treatment efficacy. significance lies its pave way interventions, providing clinicians researchers essential knowledge design targeted personalized regimens patients.

Language: Английский

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New insights into immune cells in cancer immunotherapy: from epigenetic modification, metabolic modulation to cell communication

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(6)

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes death worldwide, and more effective ways attacking cancer are being sought. immunotherapy a new therapeutic method after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy. aims to kill tumor cells by stimulating or rebuilding body's immune system, with specific efficiency high safety. However, only few patients respond due complex variable characters escape, behavior regulatory mechanisms need be deeply explored from dimensions. Epigenetic modifications, metabolic modulation, cell‐to‐cell communication key factors in cell adaptation response microenvironment. They collectively determine state function through modulating gene expression, changing energy nutrient demands. In addition, engage networks other components, which mediated exosomes, cytokines, chemokines, pivotal shaping progression response. Understanding interactions combined effects such multidimensions modulation important for revealing failure developing targets strategies.

Language: Английский

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Predictive and Prognostic Relevance of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells: Tailoring Personalized Treatments against Different Cancer Types

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1626 - 1626

Published: April 23, 2024

TIICs are critical components of the TME and used to estimate prognostic treatment responses in many malignancies. tumor microenvironment assessed quantified by categorizing immune cells into three subtypes: CD66b+ tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), FoxP3+ regulatory T (Tregs), CD163+ macrophages (TAMs). In addition, cancers have tumor-infiltrating M1 M2 macrophages, (Neu), CD4+ (T-helper), CD8+ (T-cytotoxic), eosinophils, mast cells. A variety clinical treatments linked cell infiltration (ICI) immunotherapy receptivity prognosis. To improve therapeutic effectiveness immune-modulating drugs a wider cancer patient population, their interactions must be better understood. This study examines clinicopathological effects overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression boost antitumor We successfully analyzed predictive usefulness alongside TMB ICI scores identify cancer's varied landscapes. Traditionally, was using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, other platforms that use integrated sets from previously published studies. also thoroughly examined traditional limitations newly created unsupervised clustering deconvolution techniques (SpatialVizScore ProTICS). These methods predict outcomes better. models may individuals who benefit more adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment. Overall, we think significant contribution will greatly postoperative follow-up, therapy, interventions, informed choices on customized medicines.

Language: Английский

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Integrated bioinformatics and experimental analysis of CHAF1B as a novel biomarker and immunotherapy target in LUAD

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

The prognosis and treatment efficacy of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a disease with high incidence, remains unsatisfactory. Identifying new biomarkers therapeutic targets for LUAD is essential. Chromosomal assembly factor 1B (CHAF1B), p60 component the CAF-1 complex, closely linked to tumor incidence cell proliferation. However, CHAF1B's biological role molecular mechanism in remain unclear. Here, CHAF1B expression was examined using GEPIA2 UALCAN databases. Using Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we analyzed diagnostic prognostic significance its association immune infiltration immunological checkpoints. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment single-cell function analyses were employed investigate possible roles. Drug sensitivity analysis predicted effect on chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity. We also lncRNAs-miRNA-CHAF1B axis explore LUAD. Preliminary vitro studies qRT-PCR, CCK8, Transwell, glucose, lactate metabolism confirmed Its associated sensitivity, checkpoints, infiltration. that three miRNAs (miR-29c-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-1247-5p) lncRNAs (AL139287.1, NEAT1, SHG1) may be target regulate CHAF1B. In tests showed suppression decreased LUAD's migration, invasion, proliferation, glycolysis. Overall, an innovative biomarker

Language: Английский

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Neoadjuvant approach as a platform for treatment personalization: focus on HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer

Cancer Treatment Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 98, P. 102222 - 102222

Published: May 12, 2021

The neoadjuvant setting provides unquestionable clinical benefits for high-risk breast cancer (BC) patients, mainly in terms of expansion locoregional treatment options and prognostic stratification. Additionally, it is also emerging as a strategical tool the research field. In present review, by focusing on HER2-positive triple-negative subtypes, we examined role platform to facilitate rationalize placement escalation strategies, promote adoption biomarker-driven approaches investigation de-escalated treatments, foster conduction comprehensive translational analyses, thus ultimately aiming at pursuing personalization. solid pathologic complete response after therapy, its use surrogate endpoint accelerate drug approval process were discussed. this context, available data escalated strategies capable enhancing (pCR) rate or improving prognosis patients with residual disease (RD) treatment, comprehensively reviewed. We summarized evidence regarding possibility obtaining pCR particular emphasis patient selection. Pitfalls dichotomy pCR/RD deepened, alternative/complementary biomarkers possible relevance regard

Language: Английский

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Identification of a five genes prognosis signature for triple-negative breast cancer using multi-omics methods and bioinformatics analysis

Cancer Gene Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(11), P. 1578 - 1589

Published: April 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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Artificial intelligence‐based digital scores of stromal tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes and tumour‐associated stroma predict disease‐specific survival in triple‐negative breast cancer

The Journal of Pathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 260(1), P. 32 - 42

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known to have a relatively poor outcome with variable prognoses, raising the need for more informative risk stratification. We investigated set of digital, artificial intelligence (AI)-based spatial tumour microenvironment (sTME) features and explored their prognostic value in TNBC. After performing tissue classification on digitised haematoxylin eosin (H&E) slides TNBC cases, we employed deep learning-based algorithm segment regions into tumour, stroma, lymphocytes order compute quantitative concerning relationship stroma. The digital was using survival analysis Cox proportional hazard models cross-validation setting two independent international multi-centric cohorts: Australian Breast Cancer Tissue Bank (AUBC) cohort (n = 318) Genome Atlas (TCGA) 111). proposed stromal tumour-infiltrating (Digi-sTILs) score tumour-associated stroma (Digi-TAS) were found carry strong disease-specific survival, Digi-sTILs Digi-TAS scores giving C-index values 0.65 (p 0.0189) 0.60 0.0437), respectively, TCGA as validation set. Combining feature patient's positivity status axillary lymph nodes yielded 0.76 unseen cohorts. surmise that could potentially be used better stratification management patients. © 2023 Authors. Journal Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Pathological Society Great Britain Ireland.

Language: Английский

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