Respiratory Symptoms, Allergies, and Environmental Exposures in Children with and without Asthma

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(18), P. 11180 - 11180

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Epidemiological data concerning the level of asthma morbidity indicate that in Poland, is diagnosed 5-10% pediatric population. Aim The purpose this study was to compare prevalence respiratory symptoms and allergies a group children with without evaluate association between exposure environmental factors bronchial A cross-sectional conducted on 995 attending primary schools province Silesia 2018-2019. research tool an anonymous questionnaire developed based form used International Study Asthma Allergies Childhood (ISAAC). Children's health status, asthma, performance allergic skin tests were assessed parents' indications questionnaire. Environmental exposures such as mold dampness apartments or ETS similarly assessed. Analyses performed using Statistica 13.0; p < 0.05. total 88 subjects (8.8%) suffered from asthma. Parents compared parents disease, more likely rate their children's rather good (43.2% vs. 38.0%) average (21.6% 3.1%). All analyzed symptoms, well allergies, statistically frequent parent's subjective assessment child's varied significantly according diagnosis. also associated other diseases: reactions pollen, house dust, hay fever, AD (atopic dermatitis) among

Language: Английский

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Establishment of an experimental model of ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis in canines

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Introduction A reliable standard model is required to evaluate the efficacy of new drugs for companion animals, especially dogs. Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD), also known as allergic inflammatory skin disease, a common condition. Currently, house dust mite animal used in research cAD; however, this exhibits significant individual variation and difficult standardize. In study, we ovalbumin an antigen sensitize stimulate dogs, thereby establishing stable mimicking T-helper 2 (Th2) response seen cAD. Our objective was create cAD that could be employed novel mimic Th2 dominant observed pathogenesis Methods six beagles were used. Normal saline applied two four, on their dorsal skin. Results The ovalbumin-treated groups exhibited clinical symptoms, such pruritus erythema. Moreover, plasma levels markers immunoglobulin E CCL17 chemokine higher group than vehicle control group. thickness epidermis significantly increased group, with infiltration cells thickened dermis region. conclusion, treatment canine optimal concentration induced typical cAD-like histological molecular analyses confirmed enhanced Th2-related immune response. Conclusion Therefore, successfully established suitable Th2-dominant cAD, which will facilitate targeted

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Complexities of Atopic Dermatitis: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin condition impacting both children and adults globally, with prevalence of 15-30%. It ranks as the most disorder based on disability-adjusted life-years by World Health Organization. presents symptoms like irritation, redness, dryness, itchiness, vesicular blisters commonly coexists other atopic allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergies. The pathophysiology involves complex interplay genetic predispositions, immunological dysfunctions, environmental factors leading to tissue inflammation disrupted barrier integrity. Alopecia areata characterized nonscarring hair loss shares correlations AD including higher diseases, shared intracellular mechanisms involving JAK-STAT pathway, potential treatment overlap such dupilumab. These could direct new areas research increased insight for diseases. Treatment requires personalized approach due its complex, multifactorial nature integrating nonpharmacological interventions hydration trigger avoidance well topical systemic approaches, if necessary, corticosteroids being first line flares; long term corticosteroid use poses risk adverse effects atrophy. Severe cases may require treatments or phototherapy. Future prospects include targeting dysbiotic microbiome identifying biomarkers tailored therapeutic strategies, emphasizing importance medicine in optimizing management.

Language: Английский

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Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis in Children

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also called eczema, is a common inflammatory skin condition that causes itchy lesions and widespread globally, especially in wealthy countries. It the most prevalent disorder among children. A small percentage of children's eczema persists into adulthood, few them exhibit severe form condition. The development AD influenced by immune, environmental, genetic factors; mutations filaggrin gene family history atopy are regarded as risk factors cause hyperimmune response, which turn increases production interleukin-13 interleukin-4. As result, barrier compromised, T-helper 2 immune response subsequently triggered, atopic develops. Diagnosing treating mostly dependent on primary care physicians. Nonetheless, still challenging, pediatricians send even patients with mild to dermatologists for management. To conduct this review, we posed central question, 'How treat children?' utilizing 'atopic children: what best treatment?' keywords. comprehensive search strategy was employed, incorporating reputable databases such PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier. inclusion criteria were set encompass articles published 21st century; however, some cross-references from 20th century, focusing exclusively pediatric populations worldwide. We considered within realm pediatrics ensure relevance our target audience, pediatricians. overarching objective review article elucidate challenges encountered managing cases delineate impact daily lives children caregivers. Furthermore, seeks explore spectrum available treatments, providing valuable insights providers enhance efficacy management populations.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Anti-Inflammatory COPD Treatments: Potential Cardiovascular Impacts

International Journal of COPD, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 2481 - 2495

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory condition often complicated by cardiovascular (CVD) due to shared pathways. This review explores the impacts of emerging anti-inflammatory therapies in COPD. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors may offer effects with improved lung function but pose potential risks for arrhythmias when PDE3 inhibited although PDE4 reduce events improving endothelial and reducing thrombosis. Similarly, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) target COPD-related inflammation benefit COPD patients CVD. MAPK cardiac fibrosis, enhance contractility lower risk arrhythmia. PI3K PI3K/Akt pathway, which drives atherosclerosis thus potentially mitigate both plaque instability fibrosis. Biologic therapies, including monoclonal antibodies that inhibit IL-5, IL-13/IL-4, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-33, IL-17A, show promise exacerbations require close monitoring their immunomodulatory effects. Single-target neutrophil elastase or matrix metalloproteinases limited efficacy aid stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques through promoting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. However, tendency degrade extracellular attract immune cells heighten rupture risk, contraindicating use Alpha-1 antitrypsin replacement therapy holds promise, providing protection, especially myocardial injury. Understanding influence these innovative on CVD vital, making it imperative examine molecules at an early stage.

Language: Английский

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