Phytomedicine Plus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100752 - 100752
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17
Published: April 27, 2023
Being isolated from the peripheral system by blood–brain barrier, brain has long been considered a completely impervious tissue. However, recent findings show that gut microbiome (GM) influences gastrointestinal and disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite several hypotheses, neuroinflammation, tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, being proposed to explain origin progression of AD, pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Epigenetic, molecular, pathological studies suggest GM AD development have endeavored find predictive, sensitive, non-invasive, accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis monitoring progression. Given growing interest in involvement current research endeavors identify prospective both preclinical clinical diagnoses, well targeted therapy techniques. Here, we discuss most on changes microbiome-based biomarkers, diagnostic uses, approaches. Furthermore, addressed herbal components, which could provide new venue research.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 562, P. 119857 - 119857
Published: July 8, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
5
ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Aug. 22, 2024
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss, affecting millions of people worldwide. Traditional treatments, such as cholinesterase inhibitors NMDA receptor antagonists, offer limited symptomatic relief without addressing the underlying mechanisms. These limitations have driven development more potent effective therapies. Recent advances in immunotherapy present promising avenues for AD treatment. Immunotherapy strategies, including both active passive approaches, harness immune system to target mitigate AD-related pathology. Active stimulates patient's response produce antibodies against AD-specific antigens, while involves administering preformed or cells that specifically amyloid-β (Aβ) tau proteins. Monoclonal antibodies, aducanumab lecanemab, shown potential reducing Aβ plaques slowing clinical trials, despite challenges related adverse responses need precise targeting. This comprehensive review explores role AD, evaluates current successes immunotherapeutic discusses future directions enhancing treatment efficacy.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Neurovascular unit (NVU) inflammation via activation of glial cells and neuronal damage plays a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases. Though the exact mechanism disease pathogenesis is not understood, certain biomarkers provide valuable insight into pathogenesis, severity, progression therapeutic efficacy. These markers can be used to assess pathophysiological status brain including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, specialized microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, NVU, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Damage or derangements tight junction (TJ), adherens (AdJ), gap (GJ) components BBB lead increased permeability neuroinflammation various disorders disorders. Thus, neuroinflammatory evaluated blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), tissues determine neurological progression, responsiveness. Chronic common age-related Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), dementia. Neurotrauma/traumatic injury (TBI) also leads acute chronic responses. The expression some may altered many years even decades before onset In this review, we discuss neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration associated with disorders, especially those neurovascular pathologies. CSF, tissues. Neurofilament light (NfL), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1), fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), transmembrane 119 (TMEM119), aquaporin, endothelin-1, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) are important markers. Recent BBB-on-a-chip modeling offers promising potential for providing an in-depth understanding neurotherapeutics. Integration these clinical practice could potentially enhance early diagnosis, monitor improve outcomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 10523 - 10523
Published: June 23, 2023
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by an abnormal decline in mental and function compared with normal aging. It underlying condition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), irreversible neurodegenerative disease. In recent years, neuroinflammation has been investigated as a new leading target that contributes to MCI progression into AD. Understanding the mechanism inflammatory processes involved early onset could help find safe effective way diagnose treat patients. this article, we assessed over twenty different blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker concentrations immunoassay methods patients (mild impairment), non-impaired control (NIC), serum healthy (HC). We performed group comparisons analyzed in-group correlations between biomarkers. included 107 participants (mean age: 64.7 ± 7.8, women: 58.9%). CSF osteopontin YKL-40 were significantly increased group, whereas C-reactive protein interleukin-6 higher (p < 0.001) NIC HC groups. Stronger interleukin-1β inflammasome markers observed group. confirmed specific activation central nervous system pathway upregulation cohort.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 7315 - 7334
Published: Aug. 2, 2023
Introduction. It is now known that cancer a major public health problem; on the other hand, it less known, or rather, often underestimated, significant percentage of patients will experience cancer-related emergency. These conditions, depending severity, may require treatment in intensive care emergency departments. In addition, not uncommon for tumor pathology to manifest itself directly, first instance, with related The unit proves be fundamental and central management patients. Many cases are diagnosed instance as result symptoms lead patient’s admittance into room. Materials Methods. This narrative review aims analyze impact acute oncological setting role physician their management. A search was conducted over period January 1981–April 2023 using main scientific platforms, including PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Embase Google scholar, 156 papers were analyzed. Results. To probe emergencies increasingly overcrowded departments, we analyzed following pathologies: neurological emergencies, metabolic endocrinological vascular malignant effusions, neutropenic fever anemia. Discussion/Conclusions. Our analysis found redefinition department connected oncology necessary, considering only disease strict sense, but also comorbidities, palliative setting. need redesign an able manage end life appears clear, especially when this turns out severe effects cannot managed at home integrated care. conclusion, paradigm mandatory, such integration between various specialists belonging medicine department. Therefore, our work provide what can handbook detect, diagnose treat hoping patient multidisciplinary perspective, which could regular presence oncologist
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 1725 - 1738
Published: Dec. 13, 2023
Abstract BACKGROUND Models for forecasting individual clinical progression trajectories in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed optimizing studies and patient monitoring. METHODS Prediction models were constructed using a trial training cohort (TC; n = 934) via gradient boosting algorithm then evaluated two validation cohorts (VC 1, 235; VC 2, 421). Model inputs included baseline features (cognitive function assessments, APOE ε4 status, demographics) brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. RESULTS The model achieved R 2 of 0.21 0.31 predicting 2‐year cognitive decline 1 respectively. Adding MRI improved the to 0.29 which employed same preprocessing pipeline as TC. Utilizing these model‐based predictions enrichment reduced required sample size by 20% 49%. DISCUSSION Our validated prediction enable AD, benefiting various applications.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: April 13, 2024
Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated that early intervention was the best plan to inhibit progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which relied on discovery diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A (SV2A) examined improve efficiency in AD. Methods biomarker testing performed through single-molecule array (Simoa). total 121 subjects including cognitively unimpaired controls, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), AD and other types dementia underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SV2A testing; 430 health aMCI, serum SV2A, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL) p-tau217 92 aMCI both CSF 115 APOE ε4 carriers non-carriers were tested for GFAP, NfL p-tau217. Then, efficacy diagnosis its ability identify those at high risk from a population further analyzed. Results Both significantly positively correlated with performance patients AD, their levels gradually decreased Serum excellent sensitivity 97.8%, higher than NfL, The SV2A-positive rates ranged 92.86 100% cases negative above three Importantly, all biomarkers tested, had highest positivity rate (81.82%) individuals Conclusions be novel ideal can effectively distinguish populations.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(10), P. 2987 - 3003
Published: Sept. 26, 2024
Neuroinflammatory mediators play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), influencing its onset, progression, and severity. The precise mechanisms behind AD are still not fully understood, leading current treatments to focus mainly on managing symptoms rather than preventing or curing condition. amyloid tau hypotheses most widely accepted explanations for pathology; however, they do completely account neuronal degeneration observed AD. Growing evidence underscores crucial neuroinflammation pathology neuroinflammatory hypothesis presents promising new approach understanding driving This review examines importance biomarkers diagnosis, prognosis, treatment It delves into underlying AD, highlighting involvement various such as cytokines, chemokines, ROS. Additionally, this discusses potential diagnostic tools, prognostic indicators, therapeutic targets management. By intricate interplay between pathology, aims help development efficient plans fight debilitating neurological Furthermore, it elaborates recent advancements neuroimaging techniques biofluid analysis identification monitoring patients.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)
Published: May 20, 2023
Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate cholesterol esterification and HDL subclasses in plasma cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Methods enrolled 70 AD patients 74 cognitively normal controls comparable for age sex. Lipoprotein profile, esterification, efflux capacity (CEC) were evaluated CSF. Results have lipids but significantly reduced unesterified unesterified/total ratio. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity rate (CER), two measures the efficiency process, by 29% 16%, respectively, Plasma subclass distribution that content small discoidal preβ-HDL particles reduced. In agreement with particles, mediated transporters ABCA1 ABCG1 patients’ plasma. CSF total ratio increased patients, CER CEC from astrocytes group, a significant positive correlation observed between Aβ 1-42 content. Conclusion Taken together our data indicate is hampered biomarkers (unesterified ratio) are associated (i.e., ).
Language: Английский
Citations
10