PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling transduction pathway and targeted therapies in cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, growth, and cycle progression. Growth factor signalling to transcription factors the PAM axis regulated by multiple cross-interactions with several other pathways, dysregulation of can predispose cancer development. most frequently activated human often implicated resistance anticancer therapies. Dysfunction components this such as hyperactivity PI3K, loss function PTEN, gain-of-function AKT, are notorious drivers treatment disease progression cancer. In review we highlight major dysregulations cancer, discuss results AKT mTOR inhibitors monotherapy co-administation antineoplastic agents clinical trials strategy for overcoming resistance. Finally, mechanisms targeted therapies, including immunology immunotherapies also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in clinical aspects of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in breast cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 6, 2023

Abstract Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. The heterogeneity this disease presents a big challenge in its therapeutic management. However, recent advances molecular biology and immunology enable to develop highly targeted therapies many forms breast cancer. primary objective therapy inhibit specific target/molecule that supports tumor progression. Ak strain transforming, cyclin-dependent kinases, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, different growth factors have emerged as potential targets subtypes. Many drugs are currently undergoing clinical trials, some already received FDA approval monotherapy or combination with other treatment yet achieve promise against triple-negative (TNBC). In aspect, immune has come up promising approach specifically TNBC patients. Different immunotherapeutic modalities including immune-checkpoint blockade, vaccination, adoptive cell transfer been extensively studied setting cancer, especially approved blockers chemotherapeutic treat several trials ongoing. This review provides an overview developments advancements immunotherapies treatment. successes, challenges, prospects were critically discussed portray their profound prospects.

Language: Английский

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Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Gastric Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1848 - 1848

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide, with more than 1 million cases diagnosed every year.

Language: Английский

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Targeting Breast Cancer: An Overlook on Current Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3643 - 3643

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most widely diagnosed cancers and a leading cause death among women worldwide. Globally, BC second frequent first gynecological one, affecting with relatively low case-mortality rate. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy are main treatments for BC, even though latter often not aways successful because common side effects damage caused to healthy tissues organs. Aggressive metastatic BCs difficult treat, thus new studies needed in order find therapies strategies managing these diseases. In this review, we intend give an overview field, presenting data from literature concerning classification drugs used therapy treatment BCs, along clinical studies.

Language: Английский

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Predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in breast cancer: targeting the PI3K pathway

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is a multifaceted disease characterized by distinct molecular subtypes and varying responses to treatment. In BC, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has emerged as crucial contributor development, advancement, resistance This review article explores implications of PI3K in predictive, preventive, personalized medicine for BC. It emphasizes identification predictive biomarkers, such PIK3CA mutations, utility profiling guiding treatment decisions. The also discusses potential targeting preventive strategies customization therapy based on tumor stage, subtypes, genetic alterations. Overcoming inhibitors exploring combination therapies are addressed important considerations. While this field holds promise improving patient outcomes, further research clinical trials needed validate these approaches translate them into practice. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Exploring Biomarkers in Breast Cancer: Hallmarks of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up in Clinical Practice

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(1), P. 168 - 168

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy in the present day, particularly affecting women as one of most common forms cancer. A significant portion patients initially with localized disease, for which curative treatments are pursued. Conversely, another substantial segment diagnosed metastatic has worse prognosis. Recent years have witnessed profound transformation prognosis this latter group, primarily due to discovery various biomarkers and emergence targeted therapies. These biomarkers, encompassing serological, histological, genetic indicators, demonstrated their value across multiple aspects breast management. They play crucial roles initial diagnosis, aiding detection relapses during follow-up, guiding application treatments, offering valuable insights prognostic stratification, especially highly aggressive tumor types. Molecular markers now become keystone given diverse array chemotherapy options treatment modalities available. signify transformative shift arsenal therapeutic against Their diagnostic precision enables categorization tumors elevated risks recurrence, increased aggressiveness, heightened mortality. Furthermore, existence therapies tailored target specific molecular anomalies triggers cascade changes behavior. Therefore, primary objective article offer comprehensive review clinical, diagnostic, prognostic, utility principal currently use, well clinical impact on In doing so, our goal contribute more comprehension complex disease and, ultimately, enhance patient outcomes through precise effective strategies.

Language: Английский

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To Investigate the Occurrence and Development of Colorectal Cancer Based on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(2)

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy of gastrointestinal, however, underlying mechanisms CRC remain largely unknown. New evidence suggests that PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway closely related to CRC. a classical signaling involved in variety biological processes, such as regulating cellular metabolism, autophagy, cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Therefore, it plays crucial role occurrence development In this review, we focus on CRC, its application treatment We review importance tumorigenesis, proliferation pre-clinical clinical experience with several inhibitors

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic evolution in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: from targeted therapy to endocrine therapy

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Breast cancer, a complex and varied disease, has four distinct subtypes based on estrogen receptor human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) levels, among which significant subtype known as HR+/HER2-breast cancer that spurred numerous research. The prevalence of breast cancer-related death are the most serious threats to women’s health worldwide. Current progress in treatment strategies for encompasses targeted therapy, endocrine genomic immunotherapy, supplementing traditional methods like surgical resection radiotherapy. This review article summarizes current epidemiology introduces classification commonly used methods. mechanisms action various drugs, including therapy drugs hormone their potential synergistic effects deeply discussed. In addition, clinical trials these have been completed or still included.

Language: Английский

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Targeted inhibition of branched-chain amino acid metabolism drives apoptosis of glioblastoma by facilitating ubiquitin degradation of Mfn2 and oxidative stress

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1870(5), P. 167220 - 167220

Published: May 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Immunometabolism in cancer: basic mechanisms and new targeting strategy

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 16, 2024

Abstract Maturing immunometabolic research empowers immune regulation novel approaches. Progressive metabolic adaptation of tumor cells permits a thriving microenvironment (TME) in which always lose the initial killing capacity, remains an unsolved dilemma even with development checkpoint therapies. In recent years, many studies on immunometabolism have been reported. The may facilitate anti-tumor immunotherapy from recurrent crosstalk between metabolism and immunity. Here, we discuss clinical core signaling pathways their inhibitors or agonists, as well specific functions these regulating immunity metabolism, some identified checkpoints. Understanding comprehensive advances helps to revise status quo cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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