Sarcopenia in MASLD—Eat to Beat Steatosis, Move to Prove Strength

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 178 - 178

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The connections between sarcopenia and various chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), liver disease have been highlighted recently. There is also a high occurrence of in dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD) patients, who are often disregarded. Both experimental clinical findings suggest complex, bidirectional relationship MASLD sarcopenia. While vitamin D, testosterone, specific drug therapies show promise mitigating sarcopenia, consensus on effective treatments lacking. Recent focus lifestyle interventions emphasizes dietary therapy exercise for sarcopenic obesity MASLD. Challenges arise as weight loss, primary treatment, may lead to muscle mass reduction. therapeutic approach morbidly obese patients includes bariatric surgery (BS). BS induces loss stabilizes imbalances, but its impact nuanced, underscoring the need further research. Our aim provide comprehensive review interplay offer insight into most recent challenges discoveries, overlooked or unrecognized poses significant managing these patients.

Language: Английский

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Hepatic fructose metabolism is antagonized by growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor signaling via regulation of ketohexokinase expression

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract Overconsumption of added sugars such as fructose has been associated with a remarkable decline in metabolic health. Fructose is primarily metabolized by the small intestines and liver, via phosphorylation mediated ketohexokinase (KHK). KHK activity traditionally viewed lacking negative feedback mechanisms, those present to limit glucose metabolism, leading excessive fat accumulation characteristic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD). In this study, we observe downregulation hepatocytes diet-induced genetic models MASLD. Reduced coincides decreased flux fructose-derived carbons into glycolytic amino acid pathways, suggesting presence mechanisms that KHK-mediated fructolysis liver. We subsequently focused on growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like factor (IGF) signaling pathway potential mechanism antagonizing expression. transgenic mice enhanced GH signaling, levels are reduced, whereas reduced leads increased Additionally, administration IGF-1 cell cultures induces time-dependent degradation KHK, facilitated direct interactions between receptor (IGF-1R). Single-nuclei RNA sequencing revealed elevated IGF-1R expression from MASLD mice, supported human patient samples, which also show Taken together, these findings describe novel GH/IGF-1 regulates offering new insights how adapts stress fructose-driven dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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Connecting Bone Remodeling and Regeneration: Unraveling Hormones and Signaling Pathways

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 274 - 274

Published: March 7, 2025

Recent advancements in tissue engineering and stem cell science have positioned bone disease treatment as a promising frontier regenerative medicine. This review explores the hormonal signaling pathways critical to regeneration, with focus on their clinical relevance. Key endocrine factors, including thyroid hormones (T3 T4), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, fibroblast 23 (FGF23), play pivotal roles remodeling by regulating osteoblast activity, resorption, mineralization. These factors primarily act through Wnt/β-catenin, BMP, FGF pathways, which govern repair regeneration. While animal models, such axolotls, zebrafish, Xenopus laevis, provide valuable findings about these mechanisms, translating into human applications presents challenges. underscores therapeutic potential of modulating networks enhance regeneration while cautioning against possible adverse effects, uncontrolled proliferation or metabolic imbalances. By integrating knowledge from this work provides foundation for optimizing hormone-based therapies treatment.

Language: Английский

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The Role of mTOR Inhibitors after Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 5574 - 5592

Published: June 9, 2023

Liver transplantation is a treatment option for nonresectable patients with early-stage HCC, more significant advantages when Milan criteria are fulfilled. An immunosuppressive regimen required to reduce the risk of graft rejection after transplantation, and CNIs represent drugs choice in this setting. However, their inhibitory effect on T-cell activity accounts higher tumour regrowth. mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) have been introduced as an alternative approach conventional CNI-based regimens address both immunosuppression cancer control. The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway regulates protein translation, cell growth, metabolism, frequently deregulated human tumours. Several studies suggested role mTORi reducing HCC progression LT, accounting lower recurrence rate. Furthermore, controls renal damage associated CNI exposure. Conversion stabilizing recovering dysfunction, suggesting essential renoprotective effect. Limitations therapeutic related negative impact lipid glucose metabolism well proteinuria development wound healing. This review aims summarize roles managing undergoing LT. Strategies overcome common adverse effects also proposed.

Language: Английский

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Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and growth hormone deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Endocrine Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 70(10), P. 959 - 967

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

An association exists between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and growth hormone (GH). Patients with deficiency (GHD) may be more susceptible to NAFLD. The prevalence of NAFLD steatohepatitis (NASH) in GHD patients is currently unknown. Multiple databases were searched for experiments related (or NASH) GHD. Screening, quality evaluation data extraction carried out independently by two authors. Analyses used random or fixed effects models, including prevalence, NASH odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI). We included 10 studies a total 782 participants. results showed that the was 51% (95% CI: 39–63). risk significantly higher than controls (age-, sex- body mass index-matched, without GHD) (pooled OR = 4.27, 1.33–13.68%, p 0.015). 18% 5–31). general population, especially NASH. There need develop targeted strategies early identification, prevention, control NAFLD/NASH

Language: Английский

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Prolonged Cold Exposure Negatively Impacts Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Liver Metabolism and Function

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 494 - 494

Published: July 3, 2024

Large-scale mortality events have occurred during the winter in Atlantic salmon sea cages Eastern Canada and Iceland. Thus, held at 3 °C that were apparently healthy (i.e., asymptomatic) had 'early' 'advanced' symptoms of 'winter syndrome'/'winter disease' (WS/WD), we measured hepatic lipid classes fatty acid levels, transcript expression 34 molecular markers liver disease (FLD; a clinical sign WS/WD). In addition, correlated our results with previously reported characteristics associated this disease's progression these same individuals. Total triacylglycerol (TAG) levels increased by ~50%, 32 genes was dysregulated, fish FLD. TAG positively inflammation (

Language: Английский

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LncRNA MIR22HG/microRNA-9-3p/IGF1 in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, the ceRNA network increases fibrosis by inhibiting autophagy and promoting pyroptosis

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 52 - 64

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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The impact of inactivation of the GH/IGF axis during aging on healthspan

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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U-Shaped relationship of insulin-like growth factor I and incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: a cohort study

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Context Although the role of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has garnered attention recent years, few studies have examined both reduced and elevated levels IGF-1. Objective The aim this study was to examine potential relationship between IGF-1 risk new-onset NAFLD patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET). Methods We employed multivariable Cox regression models two-piecewise assess association NAFLD. Hazard ratios (HRs) their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated quantify association. Furthermore, a dose-response correlation lgIGF-1 development plotted. Additionally, we also performed subgroup analysis series sensitivity analysis. Results A total 3,291 PitNET enrolled present study, median duration follow-up 65 months. Patients either or at baseline found be higher compared normal IGF-1(log-rank test, P < 0.001). In adjusted model (model IV), participants IGF-1, HRs those 2.33 (95% CI 1.75, 3.11) 2.2 1.78, 2.7). non-adjusted models, our revealed U-shaped Moreover, results from analyses consistent main results. Conclusions There trend PitNET. Further evaluation discoveries is warranted.

Language: Английский

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Molecular basis of photoinduced seasonal energy rheostasis in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica).

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 595, P. 112415 - 112415

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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