Neuroinflammation: A Critical Factor in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 13, 2024

This review offers a comprehensive of the signals and paramount role neuroinflammation plays in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The study explores sophisticated interactions between microglial, astrocytic, dendritic cells how affects long-term neuronal damage dysfunction. There are specific pathways related to mentioned inflammatory processes, including Janus kinases/signal transducer activator transcriptions, nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways. Neuroinflammation is argued be double-edged sword, being not only protective agent that prevents further neuron but also causative factor more cell injury development. concept contrasting inflammation with neuroprotection advocates for use therapeutic techniques seek modulate neuroinflammatory responses part neurodegeneration treatment. recent research findings integrated established knowledge help present image neuroinflammation's impact on its implications future therapy.

Language: Английский

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Parkinson’s Disease: Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Disease Progression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(22), P. 12379 - 12379

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological that causes both motor and nonmotor symptoms. While our understanding of putative mechanisms has advanced significantly, it remains challenging to verify biomarkers with sufficient evidence for regular clinical use. Clinical symptoms are the primary basis diagnosing disease, which can be mild in early stages overlap other disorders. As result, testing medical records mostly relied upon diagnosis, posing substantial challenges during initial diagnosis continuous monitoring. Recent biochemical, neuroimaging, genetic have helped us understand pathophysiology disease. This comprehensive study focuses on these biomarkers, were chosen based their relevance, methodological excellence, contribution field. Biochemical including α-synuclein glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), predict severity progression. The dopaminergic system widely used as neuroimaging biomarker diagnose PD. Numerous genes genome wide association (GWAS) sites been related development research SNCA gene leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) shown promising results. By evaluating current studies, this review intends uncover gaps validation use, while also highlighting improvements. It emphasizes need dependable reproducible indicators improving PD prognosis. These may open up new avenues progression tracking, personalized treatment programs.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Parkinson’s diagnosis: seed amplification assay for α-synuclein detection in minimally invasive samples

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Salivary Extracellular Vesicles in Detection of Cancers Other than Head and Neck: A Systematic Review

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 411 - 411

Published: March 11, 2025

Cancer is one of the leading causes death worldwide. Evidence indicates that extracellular vesicles are involved in cancer development and may be used as promising biomarkers detection. Concomitantly, saliva constitutes a non-invasive inexpensive source biomarkers. This systematic review investigates use salivary detecting cancers located outside head neck. PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, Embase were thoroughly searched from database inception to 16 July 2024. Data sixteen eligible studies analyzed, including glioblastoma, lung, esophageal, gastric, prostate, hepatocellular, breast, pancreatobiliary tract cancers. The findings highlight strong diagnostic potential for lung esophageal cancers, where specific exosomal RNAs proteins demonstrated high accuracy distinguishing patients healthy individuals. Additionally, glioblastoma showed prognostic value, while those hepatocellular exhibited early However, gastric prostate limited reliability, breast require further validation. In conclusion, present detection across multiple types; however, their power needs research, standardization large-scale

Language: Английский

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microRNAs as molecular tools for brain health: Neuroprotective potential in neurodegenerative disorders

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Investigating the Genetic Association of 40 Biochemical Indicators with Parkinson’s Disease

Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(4)

Published: Oct. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Biological Function Analysis of MicroRNAs and Proteins in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13260 - 13260

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by alpha-synuclein aggregation into Lewy bodies in the neurons. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) considered most suited source for investigating PD pathogenesis and identifying biomarkers. While microRNA (miRNA) profiling can aid investigation of post-transcriptional regulation diseases, information on miRNAs CSF patients with remains limited. This review combines miRNA analysis proteomic to explore collective impact mechanisms PD. We constructed separate networks altered proteomes using bioinformatics method. Altered were poorly linked biological functions owing limited information; however, changes protein expression strongly associated functions. Subsequently, integrated further analysis. In silico prediction from network revealed relationships between proteins, highlighting increased reactive oxygen species generation, neuronal loss, neurodegeneration suppressed ATP synthesis, mitochondrial function, neurotransmitter release The approach suggests potential as biomarkers critical underlying combined strategy could enhance our understanding complex biochemical support development diagnostic therapeutic strategies precision medicine.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Oral Biomarkers in the Assessment of Noncommunicable Diseases

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 78 - 78

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Background/Objectives: Oral biomarkers have gained attention as non-invasive tools for assessing systemic diseases due to their potential reflect physiological and pathological conditions. This review aims explore the role of oral in diagnosing monitoring diseases, emphasizing diagnostic relevance predictive capabilities clinical practice. Methods: narrative synthesizes current literature on biochemical, immunological, genetic, microbiological biomarkers, with a focus sources, types, applications. Key studies were analyzed identify associations between such cardiovascular type 2 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disorders, cancers. Results: fluids, including saliva gingival crevicular fluid, contain diverse matrix metalloproteinases, cytokines, genetic indicators. These markers demonstrated Among others, elevated levels salivary glucose inflammatory cytokines correlate progression, while vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) C-reactive protein might be applicable indicators periodontal disease risk. Additionally, like amyloid-beta tau are promising detecting neurodegenerative disorders. Conclusions: represent transformative point-of-care approach early management diseases; however, challenges measurement variability, standardization, validation remain.

Language: Английский

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Cortisol and cortisone determination by disposable pipette extraction (DPX) and ultra-efficient liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in urine and saliva samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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