Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 10, 2025
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Neurovascular unit (NVU) inflammation via activation of glial cells and neuronal damage plays a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases. Though the exact mechanism disease pathogenesis is not understood, certain biomarkers provide valuable insight into pathogenesis, severity, progression therapeutic efficacy. These markers can be used to assess pathophysiological status brain including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, specialized microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, NVU, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Damage or derangements tight junction (TJ), adherens (AdJ), gap (GJ) components BBB lead increased permeability neuroinflammation various disorders disorders. Thus, neuroinflammatory evaluated blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), tissues determine neurological progression, responsiveness. Chronic common age-related Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), dementia. Neurotrauma/traumatic injury (TBI) also leads acute chronic responses. The expression some may altered many years even decades before onset In this review, we discuss neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration associated with disorders, especially those neurovascular pathologies. CSF, tissues. Neurofilament light (NfL), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1), fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), transmembrane 119 (TMEM119), aquaporin, endothelin-1, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) are important markers. Recent BBB-on-a-chip modeling offers promising potential for providing an in-depth understanding neurotherapeutics. Integration these clinical practice could potentially enhance early diagnosis, monitor improve outcomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: June 7, 2024
Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (sTREM2) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review comprehensively examines sTREM2's involvement AD, focusing its regulatory functions microglial responses, neuroinflammation, and interactions with key pathological processes. We discuss dynamic changes sTREM2 levels cerebrospinal fluid plasma throughout AD progression, highlighting potential as therapeutic target. Furthermore, we explore impact genetic variants expression interplay other risk genes. The evidence presented this suggests that modulating activity could influence trajectory, making it promising avenue for future research drug development. By providing holistic understanding multifaceted aims to guide studies inspire novel strategies.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 1791 - 1791
Published: Oct. 29, 2024
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition with complex pathophysiology involving neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and disruptions in neuronal glial cell function. Microglia, the innate immune cells of central nervous system, release inflammatory cytokines response to pathological changes associated MDD. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) act as alarms, triggering microglial activation subsequent cytokine release. This review examines cellular mechanisms underlying MDD pathophysiology, focusing on lipid-mediated modulation neuroinflammation. We explore intricate roles microglia astrocytes propagating cascades discuss how these processes affect integrity at level. Central our analysis are three key molecules: High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) S100 Calcium Binding Protein β (S100β) alarmins, Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) an indicator stress. present evidence from vitro ex vivo studies demonstrating molecules reflect contribute neuroinflammatory milieu characteristic The then explores potential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) neuroinflammation modulators, examining their effects activation, production, resilience models depression. critically analyze experimental data ω-3 PUFA supplementation influences expression HMGB1, S100β, NSE cultures. By integrating findings lipidomic neurobiology, this aims elucidate by which PUFAs may exert antidepressant through markers. These insights understanding neuroprotection inform development targeted, lipid-based therapies for both depression neurodegenerative disorders.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Renal Failure, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(1)
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Objective To investigate the role of microvascular pericyte dysfunction in antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) transplanted kidneys.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract In recent years, with the increasing volume of related research, it has become apparent that liver and gut play important roles in pathogenesis neurological disorders. Considering interactions among brain, liver, gut, brain–liver–gut axis been proposed gradually recognized. this article, we summarized complex network within axis, encompassing vagus nerve, barrier permeability, immunity inflammation, blood–brain barrier, microbial metabolites, neurotoxic beta-amyloid (Aβ) metabolism. We also elaborated on impact various Furthermore, outline several therapies aimed at modulating including antibiotics, probiotics prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), nerve stimulation (VNS), dietary interventions. The focus is elucidating possible mechanisms underlying disorders identifying effective treatments are based our understanding axis.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Biosensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 102 - 102
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
Monitoring and assessing the progression of symptoms in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease, are critical for improving patient outcomes. Traditional biomarkers, such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis brain imaging, widely used to investigate underlying mechanisms disease enable early diagnosis. In contrast, digital biomarkers derived from phenotypic changes-such EEG, eye movement, gait, speech analysis-offer a noninvasive accessible alternative. Leveraging portable available devices, smartphones wearable sensors, emerging promising tool ND diagnosis monitoring. This review highlights comprehensive developments emphasizing their unique advantages integration potential alongside traditional biomarkers.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Experimental Cell Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114537 - 114537
Published: March 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 8789 - 8789
Published: Aug. 13, 2024
The leaves of Rhamnus erythroxylon Pall. are widely used as tea substitutes in northwest China for their fragrant aroma, anti-irritability, and digestion-enhancing properties. Ombuin, a main flavonoid compound found the leaves, exhibited notable anti-inflammatory antioxidant effects. However, its potential role treating neuroinflammatory-related diseases remains unexplored. Thus, this study aims to evaluate anti-neuroinflammatory effects ombuin explore underlying molecular mechanisms. According our findings, dramatically reduced release interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Further analysis, including transcriptomics, network pharmacology, docking, cellular heat transfer assays, revealed that Src was direct target ombuin. Western blot analysis showed effectively suppressed phosphorylation inhibited downstream expressions p-PI3K p85, p-AKT1, p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Meanwhile, repression significantly reversed activity Our results identified implied exerted an effect by inhibiting suppressing activation PI3K-AKT NF-κB pathways, which might provide alternative therapeutic strategy neurodegenerative diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 202, P. 106710 - 106710
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a type of common chronic progressive disorders characterized by damage to specific cell populations in the nervous system, ultimately leading disability or death. Effective treatments for these still lacking, due limited understanding their pathogeneses, which involve multiple cellular and molecular pathways. The triggering an immune response is feature neurodegenerative disorders. A critical challenge intricate interplay between neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, responses, not yet fully characterized. In recent years, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator interferon gene (STING) pathway, crucial intracellular DNA sensing, has gradually gained attention. However, roles this pathway within types such as cells, glial neuronal its contribution ND pathogenesis, remain elucidated. review, we systematically explore how cGAS-STING signaling links various with related effector pathways under context NDs multifaceted therapeutic directions. We emphasize discovery condition-dependent heterogeneity integral diverse responses potential targets. Additionally, review pathogenic role activation Parkinson's disease, ataxia-telangiectasia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. focus on complex bidirectional Alzheimer's Huntington's sclerosis, revealing double-edged nature disease progression. objective elucidate pivotal pathogenesis catalyze new insights facilitating development novel strategies.
Language: Английский
Citations
5