Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 54 - 54
Published: Dec. 27, 2024
From a cancer-centric perspective, radiotherapy has been primarily viewed as localised treatment modality, targeting cancer tissues with ionising radiation to induce DNA damage and cell death [...]
Language: Английский
Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 117 - 117
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Monte Carlo (MC) simulations have become important in advancing nanoparticle (NP)-based applications for cancer imaging and therapy. This review explores the critical role of MC modeling complex biological interactions, optimizing NP designs, enhancing precision therapeutic diagnostic strategies. Key findings highlight ability to predict bio-distribution, radiation dosimetry, treatment efficacy, providing a robust framework addressing stochastic nature systems. Despite their contributions, face challenges such as complexity, computational demands, scarcity reliable nanoscale data. However, emerging technologies, including hybrid approaches, high-performance computing, quantum simulation, are poised overcome these limitations. Furthermore, novel advancements FLASH radiotherapy, multifunctional NPs, patient-specific data integration expanding capabilities clinical relevance simulations. topical underscores transformative potential bridging fundamental research translation. By facilitating personalized nanomedicine streamlining regulatory trial processes, offer pathway toward more effective, tailored, accessible treatments. The continued evolution simulation techniques, driven by interdisciplinary collaboration technological innovation, ensures that will remain at forefront nanomedicine’s progress.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(13), P. 3355 - 3355
Published: July 7, 2024
This study investigates how scattering foil materials and sampling holder placement affect electron energy distribution in beams from a modified medical linear accelerator for FLASH radiotherapy. We analyze spectra at various positions—ionization chamber, mirror, jaw—to evaluate the impact of Cu, Pb-Cu, Pb, Ta foils. Our findings show that close proximity to source intensifies dependence on material, enabling precise beam control through material selection. Monte Carlo simulations are effective designing foils achieve desired distributions. Moving farther reduces influence, promoting more uniform spreads, particularly 0.5–10 MeV range 12 beams. These insights emphasize critical role tailored selection positioning optimizing fluence intensity radiotherapy research, benefiting both experimental design clinical applications.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 133 - 133
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH RT) is an innovative modality in cancer treatment that delivers ultrahigh dose rates (UHDRs), distinguishing it from conventional (CRT). RT has demonstrated the potential to enhance therapeutic window by reducing radiation-induced damage normal tissues while maintaining tumor control, a phenomenon termed effect. Despite promising outcomes, precise mechanisms underlying effect remain elusive and are focal point of current research. This review explores metabolic cellular responses compared CRT, with particular focus on differential impacts tissues. Key findings suggest may mitigate healthy via altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics, which attenuate downstream oxidative damage. Studies indicate influences iron metabolism lipid peroxidation pathways differently than CRT. Additionally, various studies promotes preservation mitochondrial integrity function, helps maintain apoptotic tissues, attenuating Current knowledge following highlights its minimize toxicity also emphasizing need for further biologically relevant, complex systems better understand clinical potential. By targeting distinct pathways, could represent transformative advance RT, ultimately improving treatment.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Precision Radiation Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 3, 2025
Abstract Ultra‐high dose rate FLASH Radiotherapy (FLASH‐RT) has attracted wide attention because the well‐known effect and extremely short irradiation time. During FLASH‐RT, high radiation doses (usually thousands of times compared with conventional radiotherapy (CONV‐RT)) are delivered to tumor area. This novel technique shows a reduction normal tissue injury (20‐40%) in comparison CONV‐RT. Meanwhile, FLASH‐RT maintaining comparable killing as With progress basic research on reducing radiation‐induced tissues, clinical trials have been carried out across world. To date, there is no consensus China focused exploration transformation application electron FLASH‐RT. Therefore, Anti‐Cancer Association Radiation Oncology Committee Chinese Medical Doctor Physician gathered group experts together develop this statement. The authors discuss their current views demonstrate unresolved questions, provide insights for further technology practice.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 19, 2025
Abstract Background FLASH has been shown to spare normal tissue toxicity while maintaining tumor control. However, existing irradiation platforms and dosimetry are not compatible. Consequently, an abundance of delivery devices new across all modalities created. Many review articles concluded that is modality‐dependent. Focusing on electrons, researchers have modified clinical LINACs enable dose rates. Modified caused the development unique control systems yet be characterized. Improvement could made when considering organization reviews. Purpose To systematically perform a literature survey electron beam mechanisms with LINACs, detail where originated, organize results. Methods A was performed from two websites using specified keywords sifted results find fit criteria. The were organized in tables summaries effectively by matching up dosimeters their measurement goal, referring specific models, outlining conditions they tested in, detailing calibration procedure. Furthermore, included topic mechanisms. Results Twenty‐eight matches found. Various examined measure absorbed dose, characteristics (BC), per pulse (DPP), counting (PC). Specific detectors presented table. Each model's pros cons another table for further consideration. third provided methods. Conclusions Dosimetry majorly film‐based characteristic measurements. candidates use DPP PC tested, but without limitations. Beam primarily consist unacceptable errors. suggestions improvement given, mainly consisting finding modulating DPP.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Encyclopedia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 40 - 40
Published: March 20, 2025
In vivo dosimetry (IVD) is a vital component of modern radiotherapy, ensuring accurate and safe delivery radiation doses to patients by measuring dose parameters during treatment. This paper provides comprehensive overview IVD, covering its fundamental principles, historical development, the technologies used in clinical practice. Key techniques, including thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), optically stimulated luminescent (OSLDs), diodes, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs), are discussed, highlighting their applications, advantages, limitations. The role IVD external beam brachytherapy, pediatric treatments emphasized, particularly contributions quality assurance, treatment validation, error mitigation. Challenges such as measurement uncertainties, technical constraints, integration into workflows explored, along with potential solutions emerging innovations. also addresses future perspectives, advancements artificial intelligence, adaptive personalized systems. entry underscores critical enhancing precision reliability advocating for ongoing research technological development.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 406 - 406
Published: March 28, 2025
FLASH radiotherapy is a novel irradiation modality that employs ultra-high mean dose rates exceeding 40–150 Gy/s, far surpassing the typical ~0.03 Gy/s used in conventional radiotherapy. This advanced technology delivers high doses of radiation within milliseconds, effectively targeting tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. However, precise mechanism differentiates responses between tumor and normal tissues not yet understood. study primarily examines ROD hypothesis, which posits oxygen undergoes transient radiolytic depletion following pulse. We developed computational model investigate effects rate on radiolysis an aqueous environment mimics confined cellular space subjected instantaneous pulses energetic protons. employed multi-track chemistry Monte Carlo simulation code, IONLYS-IRT, has been optimized this homogeneous aerated medium. medium composed water, alongside carbon-based biological molecules (RH), radiation-induced bio-radicals (R●), glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (AH−), nitric oxide (●NO), α-tocopherol (TOH). Our closely monitors temporal variations these components, specifically focusing consumption, from initial picoseconds one second after exposure. Simulations reveal transiently depleted through its reaction with R● radicals, consistent prior research, but also disulfide radical anions (GSSG●−) roughly equal proportions. Notably, we show that, contrary some reports, peroxyl radicals (ROO●) formed are neutralized by recombination reactions. Instead, rapidly antioxidants present irradiated cells, AH− ●NO proving be most effective preventing propagation harmful peroxidation chain Moreover, our identifies critical threshold below effect, as predicted cannot fully manifest. By comparing findings existing experimental data, determine hypothesis alone entirely explain observed effect. indicate might significantly contribute effect mitigating and, turn, enhancing radioprotection. Additionally, lends support may partially insufficient phenomenon, suggesting involvement additional mechanisms or factors warranting further investigation.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Nuclear Analysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100172 - 100172
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 15, 2025
Significance: This review investigates how radiation therapy (RT) increases the risk of delayed cardiovascular disease (CVD) in cancer survivors. Understanding mechanisms underlying radiation-induced CVD is essential for developing targeted therapies to mitigate these effects and improve long-term outcomes patients with cancer. Recent Advances: studies have primarily focused on metabolic alterations induced by irradiation various cell types. However, there remains a significant knowledge gap regarding role chronic normal cells, particularly vascular progression after RT. Critical Issues: centers RT-induced cells their contribution senescence accumulation inflammation across vasculature post-RT. We discuss key pathways, including glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid metabolism, glutamine redox metabolism (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/Nicotinamide dinucleotide (NADH) nicotinamide phosphate (NADP+)/NADPH). further explore roles regulatory proteins such as p53, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, mammalian target rapamycin driving dysregulations. The emphasizes impact immune-vascular crosstalk mediated senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which perpetuates dysfunction, enhances inflammation, drives accumulation, causes damage, ultimately contributing pathogenesis. Future Directions: research should prioritize identifying therapeutic targets within pathways or interactions influenced Correcting dysfunction reducing through could significantly Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
Language: Английский
Citations
0