VEGF-A in Cardiomyocytes and Heart Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(15), P. 5294 - 5294

Published: July 26, 2020

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a homodimeric vasoactive glycoprotein, is the key mediator of angiogenesis. Angiogenesis, formation new blood vessels, responsible for wide variety physio/pathological processes, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cardiomyocytes (CM), main cell type present in heart, are source and target VEGF-A express its receptors, VEGFR1 VEGFR2, on their surface. relationship between heart double-sided. On one hand, activates CM, inducing morphogenesis, contractility wound healing. other produced by CM during inflammation, mechanical stress cytokine stimulation. Moreover, high concentrations have been found patients affected different CVD, often correlated with an unfavorable prognosis disease severity. In this review, we summarized current knowledge about expression effects role which most important cause disability premature death worldwide. Based clinical studies angiogenesis therapy conducted to date, it possible think that control can lead better quality span life disease.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria in Health and Diseases

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 1177 - 1177

Published: May 9, 2020

Mitochondria are subcellular organelles evolved by endosymbiosis of bacteria with eukaryotic cells characteristics. They the main source ATP in cell and play a pivotal role life death. engaged pathogenesis human diseases aging directly or indirectly through broad range signaling pathways. However, despite an increased interest mitochondria over past decades, mechanisms mitochondria-mediated cell/organ dysfunction response to pathological stimuli remain unknown. The Special Issue, “Mitochondria Health Diseases,” organized Cells includes 24 review original articles that highlight latest achievements elucidating under physiological (healthy) conditions and, various cell/animal models patients. Altogether, Issue summarizes discusses different aspects mitochondrial metabolism function open new avenues understanding biology.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Basis of Creatine in Health and Disease: A Bioinformatics-Assisted Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1238 - 1238

Published: April 9, 2021

Creatine (Cr) is a ubiquitous molecule that synthesized mainly in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. Most of Cr pool found tissues with high-energy demands. enters target cells through specific symporter called Na+/Cl−-dependent transporter (CRT). Once within cells, creatine kinase (CK) catalyzes reversible transphosphorylation reaction between [Mg2+:ATP4−]2− to produce phosphocreatine (PCr) [Mg2+:ADP3−]−. We aimed perform comprehensive bioinformatics-assisted review most recent research findings regarding metabolism. Specifically, several public databases, repositories, bioinformatics tools were utilized for this endeavor. Topics biological complexity ranging from structural biology cellular dynamics addressed herein. In sense, we sought address certain pre-specified questions including: (i) What happens when transported into cells? (ii) How CK/PCr system involved bioenergetics? (iii) compartmentalized throughout cell? (iv) role amongst different tissues? (v) basis transport? Under allostasis paradigm, physiologically essential life (cell survival, growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration/motility) by providing an evolutionary advantage rapid, local, temporal support energy- mechanical-dependent processes. Thus, suggest acts as dynamic biosensor based on chemo-mechanical energy transduction, which might explain why dysregulation metabolism contributes wide range diseases besides mitigating effect supplementation may have some these disease states.

Language: Английский

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Intracellular and microenvironmental regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3)

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Abstract Cancer cells have an abnormally high mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m ), which is associated with enhanced invasive properties in vitro and increased metastases vivo. The mechanisms underlying the abnormal ΔΨ cancer remain unclear. Research on different cell types has shown that regulated by various intracellular such as inner outer ion transporters, cytoskeletal elements, biochemical signaling pathways. On other hand, role of extrinsic, tumor microenvironment (TME) derived cues regulating not well defined. In this review, we first summarize existing literature intercellular regulation, a focus cells. We then offer our perspective ways through microenvironmental hypoxia mechanical stresses may regulate . This article categorized under: > Environmental Factors Biomedical Engineering Molecular Cellular Physiology

Language: Английский

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New roles for desmin in the maintenance of muscle homeostasis

FEBS Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 289(10), P. 2755 - 2770

Published: April 7, 2021

Desmin is the primary intermediate filament (IF) of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. By linking contractile myofibrils to sarcolemma cellular organelles, desmin IF contributes muscle structural integrity, force transmission, mitochondrial homeostasis. Mutations in cause myofibril misalignment, dysfunction, impaired mechanical integrity leading cardiac skeletal myopathies humans, often characterized by accumulation protein aggregates. Recent evidence indicates that filaments also regulate proteostasis cell size. In muscle, changes dynamics can facilitate catabolic events as an adaptive response a changing environment. addition, post‐translational modifications its misfolding heart have emerged key determinants homeostasis disease. this review, we provide overview roles propose new models for novel functions preserving striated muscles.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondria at Work: New Insights into Regulation and Dysregulation of Cellular Energy Supply and Metabolism

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(11), P. 526 - 526

Published: Nov. 22, 2020

Mitochondria are of great relevance to health, and their dysregulation is associated with major chronic diseases. Research on mitochondria-156 brand new publications from 2019 2020-have contributed this review. have been fundamental for the evolution complex organisms. As important semi-autonomous organelles in cells, they can adapt function needs respective organ. They program energy supply (e.g., keep heart muscle cells going, life-long) or metabolism support hepatocytes liver function). The capacity mitochondria re-program between different options all cell types that capable changing a resting state proliferation, such as stem immune cells. Major diseases characterized by mitochondrial dysregulation. This will be exemplified cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative system disorders, cancer. New strategies intervention presented. tumor microenvironment considered battlefield cancer defense, competing metabolism. Cancer cachexia final stage progression. Nevertheless, review present an example complete remission via transfer. These findings should encourage studies along lines mitochondria, supply,

Language: Английский

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Small-molecule fluorogenic probes for mitochondrial nanoscale imaging

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52(3), P. 942 - 972

Published: Dec. 14, 2022

Mitochondria are inextricably linked to the development of diseases and cell metabolism disorders. Super-resolution imaging (SRI) is crucial in enhancing our understanding mitochondrial ultrafine structures functions. In addition high-precision instruments, super-resolution microscopy relies heavily on fluorescent materials with unique photophysical properties. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes (SMFPs) have excellent properties that make them ideal for SRI. This paper summarizes recent advances field SMFPs, a focus chemical spectroscopic required Finally, we discuss future challenges this field, including design principles SMFPs nanoscopic techniques.

Language: Английский

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Microtubule Organization in Striated Muscle Cells

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 1395 - 1395

Published: June 3, 2020

Distinctly organized microtubule networks contribute to the function of differentiated cell types such as neurons, epithelial cells, skeletal myotubes, and cardiomyocytes. In striated (i.e. cardiac) muscle nuclear envelope acts dominant microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) centrosome-the canonical MTOC mammalian cells-is attenuated, a common feature types. We summarize mechanisms known underlie formation at envelope, discuss significance for cycle progression, outline potential centrosome attenuation.

Language: Английский

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An evolutionarily conserved C4HC3-type E3 ligase regulates plant broad-spectrum resistance against pathogens

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1822 - 1843

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Deployment of broad-spectrum disease resistance against multiple pathogen species is an efficient way to control plant diseases. Here, we identify a Microtubule-associated C4HC3-type E3 Ligase (MEL) in both Nicotiana benthamiana and Oryza sativa, show that it able integrate initiate series host immune signaling, conferring viral, fungal, bacterial pathogens. We demonstrate MEL forms homodimer through intermolecular disulfide bonds between its cysteine residues the SWIM domain, interacts with substrate serine hydroxymethyltrasferase 1 (SHMT1) YφNL motif. Ubiquitin ligase activity, homodimerization motif are indispensable for regulate immunity by mediating SHMT1 degradation 26S proteasome pathway. Our findings provide fundamental basis utilizing MEL-SHMT1 module generate broad-spectrum-resistant rice global destructive pathogens including stripe virus, Magnaporthe oryzae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Transfer Improves Cardiomyocyte Bioenergetics and Viability in Male Rats Exposed to Pregestational Diabetes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 2382 - 2382

Published: Feb. 27, 2021

Offspring born to diabetic or obese mothers have a higher lifetime risk of heart disease. Previously, we found that rat offspring exposed late-gestational diabetes mellitus (LGDM) and maternal high-fat (HF) diet develop mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired cardiomyocyte bioenergetics, cardiac dysfunction at birth again during aging. Here, compared echocardiography, oxidative damage, mitochondria-mediated cell death among control, pregestational (PGDM)-exposed, HF-diet-exposed, combination-exposed newborn offspring. We hypothesized PGDM exposure, similar LGDM, causes play central, pathogenic role in neonatal cardiomyopathy. PGDM-exposed offspring, LGDM-exposed birth, but their isolated cardiomyocytes seemingly less bioenergetics impairment. This finding was due confounding by viability related poorer ATP generation, more lipid peroxidation, faster apoptosis under metabolic stress. To mechanistically isolate test the mitochondria, transferred mitochondria from normal myocardium control cardiomyocytes. As expected, transfer provides respiratory boost all groups. They also reduce males, not females. Findings highlight sex-specific differences mechanisms developmentally programmed disease underscore potential caveats therapeutic transfer.

Language: Английский

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