L-arginine: its role in human physiology, in some diseases and mainly in viral multiplication as a narrative literature review

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Abstract Background L-arginine (Arg) is an amino acid that contributes to several aspects of human biochemistry. Individuals with malnutrition and certain physical conditions could benefit from arginine intake. However, as Arg required by viruses, it advised avoid in one's diet supplementation during viral illnesses. New studies have emerged the COVID-19 pandemic, pioneering research has been reviewed. Main body abstract The purpose this review determine when why depletion, supplementation, or avoidance advisable, considering divergent results. A narrative was conducted surveying scientific publications indexed electronic databases. Studies published 1960 up 2024, no language restrictions, were included. comes proteins diet. kidney main site endogenous synthesis also responsible for overall metabolism acid, participating synthesis, degradation reabsorption. liver can synthesize Arg, but since completely recycled urea cycle, little plasma flux. present passively absorbed small intestine transformed into ornithine via cycle hepatocytes. It associated macrophage metabolism, vasomotor control, intracellular signaling, memory formation, immune response, important messenger bronchopulmonary, cardiovascular neural systems. Thus, excessive decreased concentration impair health condition. High concentrations stimulated rapid reactivation resumption protein some viruses. Conclusion According research, caution should be exercised supplementing depleting arginine. who are carriers latent such herpesviruses, and/or exposed other viruses studied, supplements consumption foods rich prophylaxis antiviral therapy, control intake well use lysine supplements, its antagonist, recommended short periods starting after a possible exposure, face stimuli remove their state at very beginning manifestation, order large multiplication consequently infection. Long-term depletion significantly affect cellular supplemental therapy needs case-by-case evaluation. Graphical

Language: Английский

---

Metabolic regulation of the host–fungus interaction: from biological principles to therapeutic opportunities

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 116(3), P. 469 - 486

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract Fungal infections present a significant global public health concern, impacting over 1 billion individuals worldwide and resulting in more than 3 million deaths annually. Despite considerable progress recent years, the management of fungal remains challenging. The limited development novel diagnostic therapeutic approaches is largely attributed to our incomplete understanding pathogenetic mechanisms involved these diseases. Recent research has highlighted pivotal role cellular metabolism regulating interaction between fungi their hosts. In response infection, immune cells undergo complex metabolic adjustments meet energy demands necessary for an effective response. A comprehensive circuits governing antifungal immunity, combined with integration individual host traits, holds potential inform medical interventions infections. This review explores insights into immunometabolic regulation host–fungal interactions infection outcome discusses how repurposing cell function could be exploited innovative personalized approaches.

Language: Английский

---

L-Arginine and Immune Modulation: A Pharmacological Perspective on Inflammation and Autoimmune Disorders

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177615 - 177615

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Arginine on immune function and post-operative obstructions in colorectal cancer patients: a meta-analysis

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact arginine on immune function and postoperative complications in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We conducted a comprehensive search identify eligible RCTs various databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web Science, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP Medicine Information System (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM). This aimed examine IgA, IgG, IgM levels well CD4+ CD8+ counts CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Anastomotic leaking, length stay (LOS), surgical site infection (SSI) were included secondary outcomes. Stata (StataCorp, version 14.0) was utilized for data analysis. To ensure results reliable, we used meta-regression, sensitivity analysis, publication bias A total 24 publications (including 1883 patients) out 681 that retrieved fulfilled inclusion criteria. group showed notable improvements humoral immunity, with gains IgA (SMD=0.45, 95% CI: 0.30-0.60), IgG (SMD=0.80, 0.64-0.96), (SMD=0.66, 0.39-0.93). With regards cellular exhibited substantial increase T cell count (SMD = 1.03, 0.67-1.38) compared control group. However, ratio decreased significantly (SMD=1.37, 0.88-1.86) same group, indicating change balance between these two types. Additionally, decrease (SMD=-0.70, -1.09 -0.32) when leakage also considerably lower (SMD=-0.05, -0.08 -0.02), rate SSIs (RR -0.02, -0.05-0), time patients spent hospital shorter (SMD=-0.15, -0.38 -0.08). After radiation treatment CRC, improves decreases risk problems. Registration PROSPERO meta-analysis number CRD42024520509.

Language: Английский

---

Chemical Profiling, Antifungal and Anti-inflammatory Evaluations of Ethanol Extract of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum and Curcuma caesia Mixture from Riau, Sumatera Island, Indonesia

Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Invasive fungal infections can cause inflammation and stimulate immune response. Antifungals like plants possessing inherent anti-inflammatory activity, which lead to rapid symptomatic relief while providing a mycologic cure is imperative. Plants with evidence of antifungal activities are red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) black turmeric (Curcuma caesia). The study aimed investigate the chemical profile, of the ethanol extract mixture in vitro. Chemical profiling was done using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (LC-MS). Antifungal activity tested Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method by measuring diameter inhibition zone. Anti-inflammatory toxicity nitric oxide (NO) production macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells. From results LC-MS analysis, 22 compounds were identified from mixture. exhibited potent activity; 80% concentration being most effective an zone 11.6 mm. dose-dependent activity. 7.5 μg/mL 15 significantly reduced cells 0.62 19.854%, respectively. at 1000 µg/mL gave highest proliferation On basis study, has potential be used as alternative agent.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring Key Biomarkers and Common Pathogenesis of Seven Digestive System Cancers and Their Correlation with COVID-19

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(7), P. 5515 - 5533

Published: June 30, 2023

Digestive system cancer and COVID-19 significantly affect the digestive system, but mechanism of interaction between cancers has not been fully elucidated. We downloaded gene expression seven (oral, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular, bile duct, pancreatic) from GEO identified hub differentially expressed genes. Multiple verifications, diagnostic efficacy, prognostic analysis, functional enrichment related transcription factors genes were explored. 23 common DEGs for subsequent analysis. CytoHubba nine (CCNA2, CCNB1, CDKN3, ECT2, KIF14, KIF20A, KIF4A, NEK2, TTK). TCGA data validated excellent ability Functional analysis revealed that processes cell division cycle essential in cancers. Furthermore, six (E2F1, E2F3, E2F4, MYC, TP53, YBX1) involved regulation. Via vitro experiments, CCNA2, MYC was verified 25 colorectal tissue pairs. Our study key biomarks pathogenesis COVID-19. These may provide new ideas further mechanistic research.

Language: Английский

---

Streptococcal Arginine Deiminase Inhibits T Lymphocyte Differentiation In Vitro

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2585 - 2585

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Pathogenic microbes use arginine-metabolizing enzymes as an immune evasion strategy. In this study, the impact of streptococcal arginine deiminase (ADI) on human peripheral blood T lymphocytes function in vitro was studied. The comparison effects parental strain (Streptococcus pyogenes M49-16) with wild type ArcA gene and its isogenic mutant inactivated M49-16delArcA) carried out. It found that ADI SDSC composition resulted a fivefold decrease concentration mononuclear cell (PBMC) supernatants. Only SDSCs suppressed anti-CD2/CD3/CD28-bead-stimulated mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity caused twofold IL-2 production PBMC. Flow cytometry analysis revealed decreased percentage CM (central memory) increased proportion TEMRA (terminally differentiated effector CD4+ CD8+ cells subsets. Enzyme inhibited proliferation all subsets well CM, EM (effector memory), cells. One prominent inhibition autophagy processes EM, data obtained confirm arginine’s crucial role controlling reactions suggest may downregulate adaptive immunity immunological memory.

Language: Английский

---

Bioactives and Inflammation

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(7), P. 5824 - 5829

Published: July 13, 2023

Inflammation is one of the body’s most complex physiological defense mechanisms against harmful substances [...]

Language: Английский

---

DPP4 valorphin activate NR4As pathway and OPA1 that protect from CoQ10 deficiency from OPA1 dysfunctions and from WMH

Japan Journal of Clinical & Medical Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 29

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Valorphin (known as VV-hemorphin-5 ) is nine essential amino acids : Leu_Val_Val_Tyr, _Pro _Thr_ Gln_& Arg are having important role in activating mitochondrial functions and both serotonin NR4As pathway that promote oxytocin Nrf2 synthesis. Deficiency Thr, Tph (TGG), Glu, Gln (cycle) Leucine due to increasing the polarizability mTORC1 S6K genes subunits can cause disorders or deficiency OPA1 repair be result of Primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) disease characterized by damage inner membrane which necessary for glucocorticoids receptor GCR Synthesis. Mitochondrial disorder lead accumulation pro-inflammation mutations subunit protein. The reduction tryptophan, Gly (which considered mirror tryptophan triplets), will reductions Proline synthesis consequently tRNAs, followed repairs (that GTPase), IL17 proinflammatory molecules, all GC-beta, oxitocin, production, decreasing megakaryocytes proliferation hematopoiesis associated white matter hyperintensity

Language: Английский

---

Effect of streptococcal arginine deiminase on the function of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺T lymphocytes

Medical Immunology (Russia), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 503 - 512

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

Arginine metabolism plays an important role in regulating the functions of immune cells mammals. Pathogenic microbes use mechanism arginine depletion to suppress response during infection. deiminase is a microbial arginine-hydrolyzing enzyme for survival at low pH focus infection, or phagolysosomes, as well under low-glucose conditions. The effect bacterial on adaptive remains poorly understood. aim our study was evaluate streptococcal proliferation and autophagy CD4 + CD8 human peripheral blood T lymphocytes. effects were studied with supernates ultrasonic lysates from parental Streptococcus pyogenes M49-16, its isogenic mutant inactivated arcA gene ( M49-16del ). performed samples healthy donors. fraction mononuclear leukocytes isolated by centrifugation Ficoll density gradient. To levels, method based staining intracellular proteins vital fluorescent dye carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) used. level using Lysotracker Green DND-26 dye. analyze helper (CD3 ) cytotoxic lymphocytes - ), obtained cell suspensions stained antibodies against CD4, CD45RA, CD3. proportion necrotic determined DNA-binding DAPI normality distribution assessed Shapiro–Wilk test. data analyzed Kruskal–Wallis criterion, followed Mann–Whitney criterion pairwise comparisons expressed median interquartile ranges (Q 0.25 -Q 0.75 When comparing supernatants strains, which differed expression gene, we have shown that had no inactive However, completely suppressed stimulated anti-CD2/CD3/CD28 antibodies. These accompanied decrease levels. At same time, did not exert upon L-arginine applied doses exceeding physiological levels caused restoration cellular functions. There differences between parameters lymphocyte subsets. show antiproliferative demimnase may be associated ability inhibit confirm opportunity host responses.

Language: Английский

---