Cognitive Function and Brain Structure in COVID-19 Survivors: The Role of Persistent Symptoms DOI Creative Commons
Krupa Vakani, Ray Norbury, Martina Vanova

et al.

Behavioural Brain Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 476, P. 115283 - 115283

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

Persistent COVID-19 symptoms post-acute state have been shown to a significant negative impact on brain structure and function. In this study, we conducted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole in 43 working-age adults (mean age: 44.79±10.80; range: 24-65 years) with history (731.17±312.41 days post-diagnosis), also assessed their cognitive function (processing speed, attention, working memory, executive function, recognition memory), mental health, sleep quality. MRI data were processed using FSL derive regional volumes for bilateral nucleus accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, total grey matter, white cerebral spinal fluid volume, analysed relation persistent symptom load, Higher load was significantly associated smaller putamen lower response accuracy memory tasks, as well longer time complete task, poorer health Smaller fully mediated relationship between Further research is required confirm whether reduced volume its association poor persists survivors long term.

Language: Английский

Decreases in frequency-dependent intrinsic activity of the default mode network are associated with depression and cognition in patients with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI
Yao Wang, Ziwei Yang,

Xiumei Zheng

et al.

Brain Structure and Function, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 230(2)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Quantitative Brain Volume Differences between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 volunteers: A systematic review DOI Creative Commons

Breanna Nelson,

Lea N Farah,

Sidney A Saint

et al.

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121146 - 121146

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts on STRESS, PTSD, and Prefrontal Cortical Thickness in Pre-Pandemic Trauma Survivors DOI Open Access

Sharad Chandra,

Atheer Amer, Chia-Hao Shih

et al.

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 127 - 127

Published: March 26, 2025

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic increased psychiatric symptoms in patients with pre-pandemic mental health conditions. However, the effects of on brain, stress, and illness remain largely conjectural. Our objective was to examine how affected prefrontal cortical thicknesses (CTs), PTSD people trauma histories. Methods: Fifty-one survivors from a study who had completed Checklist-5 (PCL) assess sMRI scan measure CTs were re-recruited after pandemic. They subsequently COVID Stress Scale (CSS) Clinician Administered Scale-5 (CAPS) diagnose PTSD, second scan. infection self-reported. Associations between stress symptom assessments post-pandemic CTs, differences vs. non-PTSD groups, changes pre- examined. Results: Pre-pandemic PCL scores positively associated CSS which, turn, higher group. Thicker IFG-opercularis infection. Post-pandemic rMFG IFG-orbitalis CAPS scores. rACC negatively Pre- frontal pole thickened group but thinned group, whereas Conclusions: These findings provide novel evidence that diverse involving cortex structure, subjects history suggest treatments are needed counter these effects.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Neuroinflammatory imaging markers in white matter: insights into the cerebral consequences of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) DOI Creative Commons
Sean Clouston, Chuan Huang,

Jia Ying

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Abstract Symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can persist for months or years after infection, a condition called Post-Acute Sequelae COVID-19 (PASC). Whole-brain white matter and cortical gray health were assessed using multi-shell diffusion tensor imaging. Correlational tractography was utilized to dissect the nature extent changes. In this study 42 male essential workers, most common symptoms Neurological PASC (n = 24) included fatigue 19) headache 17). Participants with neurological demonstrated alterations whole-brain when compared controls made up uninfected, asymptomatic, mildly infected 18). Large differences evident between in measures fractional anisotropy (Cohen’s D=-0.54, P 0.001) isotropic D 0.50, 0.002). associated (fatigue: rho -0.62, < 0.001; headache: -0.66, 0.001), as well nine other health. Brain fog improved cerebral functioning including quantitative anisotropy. This identified changes across connectivity, neuroinflammation, atrophy that interrelated PASC. These results provide insights into long-term implications COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
External evaluation of a deep learning-based approach for automated brain volumetry in patients with huntington’s disease DOI Creative Commons
Robert Haase, Nils Christian Lehnen, Frederic Carsten Schmeel

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 22, 2024

Abstract A crucial step in the clinical adaptation of an AI-based tool is external, independent validation. The aim this study was to investigate brain atrophy patients with confirmed, progressed Huntington's disease using a certified software for automated volumetry and compare results manual measurement methods used practice as well volume calculations caudate nuclei based on segmentations. Twenty-two were included retrospectively, consisting eleven nucleus age- sex-matched control group. To quantify head atrophy, frontal horn width intercaudate distance ratio inner table obtained. mdbrain volumetry. Manually measured ratios automatically volumes groups compared two-sample t-tests. Pearson correlation analyses performed. relative difference between manually determined calculated. Both significantly different groups. showed high level agreement mean discrepancy − 2.3 ± 5.5%. group lower variety supratentorial structures. highest degree shown nucleus, putamen, pallidum (all p < .0001). found be strongly correlated both In conclusion, disease, it that correlates commonly practice. allowed clear differentiation collective. additionally allows radiologists more objectively assess involvement structures are less accessible standard semiquantitative methods.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
MRI evidence of gray matter loss in COVID‐19 patients with cognitive and olfactory disorders DOI Creative Commons
Serena Capelli, Alberto Arrigoni, Angela Napolitano

et al.

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2457 - 2472

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess COVID‐19‐related gray matter (GM) structural alterations in two distinct groups patients presenting with the prevailing and distinctive neurological symptoms – isolated olfactory disorders as sole manifestation (COVID‐OD) cognitive (COVID‐CD) compared a control group unaffected individuals. Methods included 61 COVID‐CD (57 [60–63] years, 62% females), 84 COVID‐OD (49 [35–57] 60% 17 controls (51 [41–52] 41% females). Region‐based morphometry (RBM) voxel‐based (VBM) were performed on T1‐weighted MRI scans GM regional volume voxel‐wise density differences between COVID‐19 controls. Surface‐based (SBM) applied investigate cortical thickness alterations. statistical models built among total intracranial age nuisance variables. Results multi‐morphometric analysis revealed statistically significant ( p < 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons) reduction volumes, both patient Across all three analyses, showed more distributed severe loss than patients. most prominently affected regions hippocampus, putamen, cingulate gyrus, precuneus, precentral postcentral gyri, amygdala, lingual caudate nucleus. Interpretation Our findings show that induce atrophy, although at different degrees severity, likely indicative neurodegeneration neuroinflammation.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Changes in MRI Workflow of Multiple Sclerosis after Introduction of an AI-Software: A Qualitative Study DOI Open Access
Eiko Rathmann,

Pia Hemkemeier,

Susan Raths

et al.

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 978 - 978

Published: May 9, 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects integration machine learning into daily radiological diagnostics, using example software mdbrain® (Mediaire GmbH, Germany) in diagnostic MRI workflow patients with multiple sclerosis at University Medicine Greifswald. data were assessed through expert interviews, a comparison analysis times and without software, as well process workflows. Our results indicate reduction screen-reading workload, improved decision-making regarding contrast administration, an optimized workflow, reduced examination times, facilitated report communication colleagues patients. call for broader quantitative analysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Persistent Neurological Deficits in Mouse PASC Reveal Antiviral Drug Limitations DOI
Abhishek Kumar Verma, Shea A. Lowery,

Li-Chin Lin

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 3, 2024

Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) encompasses persistent neurological symptoms, including olfactory and autonomic dysfunction. Here, we report chronic dysfunction in mice infected with a virulent mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 that does not infect the brain. Long after recovery from nasal infection, observed loss tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression bulb glomeruli neurotransmitter levels substantia nigra (SN) persisted. Vulnerability dopaminergic neurons these brain areas was accompanied by increased proinflammatory cytokines neurobehavioral changes. RNAseq analysis unveiled microglia activation, as found human neurodegenerative diseases. Early treatment antivirals (nirmatrelvir molnupiravir) reduced virus titers lung inflammation but failed to prevent abnormalities, patients. Together results show deficiencies neuronal function SARS-CoV-2-infected are directly linked ongoing epithelium Rather, they bear similarity disease, vulnerability which is exacerbated inflammation.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Review on the use of AI-based methods and tools for treating mental conditions and mental rehabilitation DOI
Vladimir Khorev, Anton R. Kiselev, Artem Badarin

et al.

The European Physical Journal Special Topics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Decreased Cerebral Creatine and N-Acetyl Aspartate Concentrations after Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study DOI Open Access
Jelena Ostojić, Duško Kozić, Sergej M. Ostojić

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(14), P. 4128 - 4128

Published: July 15, 2024

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate brain metabolism using MR spectroscopy (MRS) after recovery from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and test the impact severity on metabolites. Methods: We performed MRS 81 individuals (45 males, 36 females, aged 40–60), who had normal MRI findings recovered COVID-19, classifying them into mild (17), moderate (36), severe (28) groups based during acute phase. employed two-dimensional spectroscopic imaging above corpus callosum, focusing choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), N-acetylaspartate (NAA). analyzed Cho/Cr NAA/Cr ratios as well absolute concentrations water an internal reference. Results: Results indicated that ratio higher with increasing severity, while Cho showed no significant differences across groups. Notably, Cr NAA levels were significantly lower in patients disease. Conclusions: These suggest COVID-19 phase is associated changes metabolism, marked by increase a reduction levels, reflecting substantial metabolic alterations post-recovery.

Language: Английский

Citations

1