Understanding the Risks of Diffusion of Cyanobacteria Toxins in Rivers, Lakes, and Potable Water

Toxins, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 582 - 582

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, may be prevalent in our rivers and tap water. These minuscule bacteria can grow swiftly form blooms warm, nutrient-rich Toxins produced by cyanobacteria pollute streams harm the liver nervous system humans. This review highlights properties of 25 toxin types 12 different genera. The also covered strategies for reducing controlling issues. include using physical chemical treatments, cutting back on fertilizer input, algal lawn scrubbers, antagonistic microorganisms biocontrol. Micro-, nano- ultrafiltration techniques could used removal internal extracellular cyanotoxins, addition to powdered granular activated carbon, ozonation, sedimentation, ultraviolet radiation, potassium permanganate, free chlorine, pre-treatment oxidation techniques. efficiency treatment removing intracellular cyanotoxins is demonstrated. approaches aim lessen risks cyanobacterial associated toxins. Effective management water systems depends early detection quick action. Cyanobacteria cells their toxins detected microscopy, molecular methods, chromatography, spectroscopy. Understanding causes many ways elimination will help this crucial environmental issue.

Language: Английский

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Simultaneous Multiclass Analysis of Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacterial Samples Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography‐Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Journal of Separation Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 48(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The proliferation of cyanobacteria can result in algal blooms, which may cause environmental and biological harm due to the production release secondary metabolites, or cyanotoxins, into affected waterway. Cyanobacteria produce multiple classes cyanotoxins; therefore, understand full toxic load it is necessary perform analyses that quantify each class. These are generally monitored individually challenges associated with differing physicochemical properties cyanotoxins. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) a form capable retaining cyanotoxins differ properties. Here an HILIC‐MS/MS method was developed validated detect 3 microcystins, 11 saxitoxins, 2 anatoxins. chromatographic conditions were optimized allow for separation pairs saxitoxin epimers, in‐source fragmentation MS interface used develop unique MRMs between pairs. had low limits detection (LODs, 0.00770 9.75 µg L −1 ) quantification (LOQs, 0.0257 32.5 all compounds. All analytes exhibited good linearity ( R values ≥ 0.991) percentage relative standard deviations retention time (0%–1.74%) peak area (4.54%–27.6%), spiked recoveries ranging from 75.6% 117% A multiclass sample preparation extract three cyanobacterial samples validated, 80:20 acetonitrile:water 0.1% formic acid as optimal extraction solvent. newly analysis methods applied cultured field samples, microcystins saxitoxins detected. here improve on individual they reduce complexity will assist ecotoxicologists assessing risk blooms.

Language: Английский

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First monitoring of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in freshwater from fish farms in Rondônia state, Brazil

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. e18518 - e18518

Published: July 21, 2023

The main aimed of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical parameters, abundance and density cyanobacteria, determine their blooms ecotoxicological risk cyanotoxins in fish ponds water. This conducted out 20 farms Rondônia state (Brazilian Amazon), samplings were carried rainy dry seasons. experiment developed a completely randomized factorial design × 3 x (20 farms, replications). Regarding composition qualitative samples, horizontal vertical hauls on water surface, quantitative samples obtained using plankton net (50 μm mesh opening). Meanwhile, with use multiparametric probe, analyzes out. Furthermore, cyanobacteria found classified taxonomically its recorded. Finally, blood collected from 60 Colossoma macropomum. Concerning higher averages season 6.13 mg L⁻1 dissolved oxygen, 40.02 cm transparency, 0.35 NO31⁻ nitrate, 0.15 NO21⁻ nitrite, 44.55 CaCO3 alkalinity 50.10 hardness, while pH, phosphate phosphorus season. A total 15 families 29 species identified different that showed highest densities (rainy seasons) Microcystaceae (356 760 cells mL⁻1), Leptolyngbyaceae (126 287 mL⁻1) Microcoleaceae (111 405 mL⁻1). Microcystis aeruginosa 697 Planktolyngbya limnetica (98 257 Planktothrix sp. 239 There significant Pearson's correlations (r > 0.85; p < 0.05) between family abundances cyanotoxin volume variables seasonality. recorded, all which an risk. assessment mutagenicity cells, 78 abnormalities per slide observed. In season, expected F1 F4 above quantification limit (>QL). Abundance can be used as bioindicators eutrophication and/or quality ponds.

Language: Английский

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Eco-friendly management of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic lakes through vertical flow multi-soil-layering technology

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 470, P. 134281 - 134281

Published: April 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Allelopathic Potential of the Cyanotoxins Microcystin-LR and Cylindrospermopsin on Green Algae

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1403 - 1403

Published: March 22, 2023

Allelopathic interactions are widespread in all aquatic habitats, among groups of primary biomass producers, including cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria producers potent toxins called cyanotoxins, whose biological and ecological roles, their allelopathic influence, still incompletely understood. The potential the cyanotoxins microcystin-LR (MC-LR) cylindrospermopsin (CYL) on green algae (Chlamydomonas asymmetrica, Dunaliella salina, Scenedesmus obtusiusculus) was established. Time-dependent inhibitory effects growth motility exposed to were detected. Changes morphology (cell shape, granulation cytoplasm, loss flagella) also observed. MC-LR CYL found affect photosynthesis varying degrees Chlamydomonas obtusiusculus, affecting chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as maximum photochemical activity (Fv/Fm) photosystem II (PSII), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), quantum yield unregulated energy dissipation Y(NO) PSII. In context ongoing climate change associated expectations increased frequency cyanobacterial blooms released our results demonstrated possible role competing autotrophs phytoplankton communities.

Language: Английский

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Role of cyanotoxins in the development and promotion of cancer

Toxicology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13, P. 101798 - 101798

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

Cyanotoxins are primarily produced by different species of cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, and have appeared to be environmental poisons that various toxic effects on animal health, including humans. been linked the development promotion multiple cancers in recent studies. Important cyanotoxins, such microcystins, nodularins, cylindrospermopsin, found play significant roles developing promoting cancers. These toxins generally responsible for oxidative stress, DNA damage, disrupt cellular signaling pathways thus cells. Cancer is a multistep process caused mutations normal Microcystin-LR inhibits protein phosphatases (PP1 PP2A), which leads abnormal cell proliferation tumor development. Similar inhibition PP1 PP2A shown nodularin, fact, their mechanism carcinogenesis same microcystins

Language: Английский

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Cyanobacteria in winter: seasonal dynamics of harmful algal blooms and their driving factors in boreal lakes

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(24), P. e40687 - e40687

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Towards a quantitative definition of Cyanobacteria blooms

Environmental Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(4), P. 643 - 651

Published: June 21, 2023

Cyanobacteria blooms represent a global problem with human health and economic ecosystem nuisance effects. Until now, we have used arbitrary sometimes confusing criteria to decide whether are in the presence of bloom. Through scientometric analysis studies published between 1953 2022, I aimed identify threshold value that can be quantify numerically. considered several methodological approaches (field, field-experimental, satellite data) kinds environments (coastal, marine, continental ecosystems). The revealed 48% papers “cyanobacteria bloom” or similar terms qualitatively without providing employing quantitative definition. These were focused on other topics related ecology (78%), while some others (21%) defined by using visual (scum visualization water discoloration). Of half (52%), few mathematical models review (5%), rest (65%) quantitatively. these, most reports (approximately 80%) from eutrophic inland waters reported mean values for 80 000 249 cells mL −1 41 69 µg L chlorophyll- a. Calculations also carried out oligotrophic mesotrophic marine-coastal waters, which had fewer available literature. This is first attempt consensual definition based as nature, undoubtedly useful future make possible comparisons among temporal scales.

Language: Английский

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Screening and Application of Microorganisms That Inhibit Cyanobacteria Blooms

ACS Agricultural Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 203 - 213

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Cyanobacterial blooms are a global ecological problem. The purpose of this study is to find microbial strains that can be used for the biological control cyanobacterial blooms. In study, strain Lysinibacillus fusiformis (QY-12) with best algae inhibition effect was isolated and screened. rate Microcystis aeruginosa in growth index period 82.01% after 8 days interference by QY-12. algicidal substance l-2-aminoadipic acid (L-2-AA) produced QY-12 purified via preparative HPLC identified nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) infrared spectroscopy (IR). It found scanning electron microscopy L-2-AA had significant inhibitory on early middle stages growth. This provides new idea prevention

Language: Английский

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Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Mats (CyanoHAMs) in tropical rivers of central Mexico and their potential risks through toxin production

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 196(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Cyanobacteria inhabiting lotic environments have been poorly studied and characterized in Mexico, despite their potential risks from cyanotoxin production. This article aims to fill this knowledge gap by assessing the importance of benthic cyanobacteria as producers central Mexican rivers through: (i) taxonomic identification found these rivers, (ii) environmental characterization habitats, (iii) testing for presence toxin producing genes encountered taxa. Additionally, we introduce discuss use term “CyanoHAMs” water environments. Populations were collected ten mountain identified using molecular techniques. Subsequently, taxa evaluated anatoxins microcystins via PCR. Through RDA analyses, grouped into one three categories based on preferences following: (1) waters with high ionic concentrations, (2) cold-temperate waters, or (3) nutrient enrichment. six locations genus level: Ancylothrix sp., Cyanoplacoma Oxynema sp. The latter was contain gene that produces siliceous while tested positive calcareous rivers. Our results suggest eutrophic are not necessarily required toxin-producing cyanobacteria. records Compactonostoc , represent first Mexico. Four species Wilmottia aff. murrayi Nostoc tlalocii montejanii Dichothrix willei only PCR anatoxin microcystin-producing Due differences between growths respect planktonic ones, propose adoption Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Mats (CyanoHAMs) a more precise descriptor future studies.

Language: Английский

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