Microplastics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(4), P. 559 - 588
Published: Sept. 30, 2024
Environmental
pollution
from
plastics
has
become
one
of
the
biggest
concerns
globally.
Microplastics
(MPs)
are
plastic
materials
less
than
5
mm
in
size.
They
remain
environment
for
hundreds
to
thousands
years
without
degrading,
only
breaking
down
further
nanoplastics
(NPs).
Micro-
and
can
be
origin
many
diseases
carry
various
pathogenic
substances
on
their
surface
spread
them
throughout
biosphere,
starting
with
contained
additives
ending
adsorbed
toxins
potentially
microorganisms.
Exposure
routes
humans
animals
through
air,
water
food/feed.
Due
placement
livestock—including
ruminants,
fish
poultry—and
at
top
food
web,
any
water,
air
or
soil
eventually
transferred
livestock
humans.
The
presence
microplastics
intestines
aquaculture
species,
ruminants
poultry,
instance,
was
found
cause
a
change
intestinal
microbial
population
and,
as
result,
occurrence
diseases.
These
particles
have
also
been
observed
other
organs
such
liver,
kidneys,
lung,
spleen,
heart,
ovaries,
testicles
animals,
which
causes
biochemical
changes,
structural
destruction,
malfunction.
While
complete
extent
negative
health
impacts
remains
still
largely
unknown,
ubiquitous
transmission
chemicals
organisms
is
notable
issue,
underscoring
importance
gaining
more
comprehensive
understanding
potential
threats
posed
by
animal
ultimately
human
health,
coupled
need
drastic
reduction
freight
into
environment.
This
review
article
summarizes
recent
findings
effect
micro-
farmed
ultimately,
Action
needed
reduce
number
thereby
humans,
exposed.
Environmental Pollution,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
352, P. 124121 - 124121
Published: May 7, 2024
Microplastic
(MP)
contamination
has
been
identified
as
a
worrisome
environmental
issue
at
the
global
level.
Fish
are
taxonomic
group
more
extensively
investigated
to
assess
MP
in
marine
environment.
A
large
variability
bioaccumulation
(i.e.,
body
burden)
was
reported
fish
but
date
there
is
dearth
of
information
concerning
drivers
underlying
this
process.
The
present
systematic
review
aimed
summarizing
results
scientific
literature
on
burden
digestive
tract
quantitatively
shed
light
contribution
different
geographical
latitudinal
origin
sample,
distance
from
coastline
and
field-
or
marked-collected)
ecological
trophic
strategy,
milieu,
size)
factors
driving
bioaccumulation.
mean
(±SE)
MPs/individual
4.13
±
2.87,
MPs/ww
MPs/g)
5.92
0.94.
Overall,
abundance
expressed
tropical
areas
significantly
higher
compared
other
bands,
with
species
sampled
close
that
accumulated
larger
number
MPs
those
collected
offshore.
Neither
nor
milieu
market
field
explained
burden.
However,
size
resulted
determinant
(as
MPs/individual),
small
accumulating
lower
amount
ones.
Qualitatively,
not
statistically
significant,
similar
were
generally
obtained
for
MPs/ww,
except
an
opposite,
variation
according
size.
Our
findings
showed
geographical,
rather
than
represent
main
fish,
suggesting
variables
and/or
local
pollution
sources
mainly
contribute
explaining
ingestion
processes
these
contaminants.
Russian Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
94(3), P. RCR5155 - RCR5155
Published: March 1, 2025
The
presence
of
microplastics
(MPs)
in
the
environment
is
a
highly
relevant
and
aggravating
environmental
problem,
which
concern
not
only
for
specialists
various
fields
but
also
everyone
who
cares
about
future
Earth.
ever-increasing
production
polymers
expanding
use
plastic
products
enlarged
MP
concentrations
Earth's
ecosystem.
need
to
control
accumulation
spread
MPs
caused
by
current
crisis
where
no
microplastic-free
areas
have
remained
on
number
studies
dealing
with
existing
potential
threat
living
organisms
from
consumption
increasing
every
year.
aim
this
review
systematize
available
information
occurrence
briefly
describe
main
types
polymer
materials
acting
as
sources
mechanisms
formation
transport
environment.
hazardous
behaviour
analyzed
considering
their
impact
physiology
aquatic
soil
organisms.
Special
emphasis
demonstrating
adverse
effect
emissions
3D
printing
materials.
An
overview
methods
capture
given
facilitate
analysis
development
more
reliable
removal
disposal.
As
result
review,
we
assess
long-term
human
health
consequences
exposure.
Understanding
formation,
lifecycle
environment,
ways
interaction
will
controlling
design
implementation
effective
techniques
remediation
prevent
ecological
consequences.
<br>The
bibliography
includes
244
references.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 162 - 162
Published: Dec. 31, 2022
Antarctica
and
the
Southern
Ocean
are
most
remote
regions
on
Earth,
their
quite
pristine
environmental
conditions
increasingly
threatened
by
local
scientific,
tourism
fishing
activities
long-range
transport
of
persistent
anthropogenic
contaminants
from
lower
latitudes.
Plastic
debris
has
become
one
pervasive
ubiquitous
synthetic
wastes
in
global
environment,
even
at
some
coastal
Antarctic
sites
it
is
common
enduring
evidence
past
recent
human
activities.
Despite
growing
scientific
interest
occurrence
microplastics
(MPs)
lack
standardized
methodologies
for
collection,
analysis
assessment
sample
contamination
field
lab
does
not
allow
us
to
establish
bioavailability
potential
impact.
Overall,
appears
be
little-affected
plastic
contamination,
with
exception
marine
ecosystems
impacted
wastewater
stations
tourist
vessels
or
Microplastics
have
been
detected
sediments,
benthic
organisms,
krill
fish,
but
there
no
clear
transfer
seabirds
mammals.
Therefore,
we
suggest
directing
future
research
towards
standardization
methodologies,
focusing
attention
nanoplastics
(which
probably
represent
greatest
biological
risks)
considering
interactions
MPs
macro-
microalgae
(especially
sea-ice
algae)
formation
epiplastic
communities.
In
directly
activities,
combined
exposure
paint
chips,
metals,
organic
pollutants
(POPs),
emerging
(CEI)
pathogenic
microorganisms
represents
a
danger
organisms.
Moreover,
very
sensitive
water
acidification
shown
remarkable
decrease
years.
These
climate-related
stresses
could
reduce
resilience
increasing
impact
microorganisms.
Maritime Technology and Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(2), P. 265418 - 265418
Published: Oct. 12, 2023
Antarctica,
and
its
surrounding
environment,
is
considered
untouched,
it
thought
that
free
from
microplastic
(MP)
pollution.
However,
recent
studies
science
projects
have
reported
MPs
in
both
water
sediment
the
South
Polar
Regions.
These
reports
state
MP
pollution
occurs
this
region
due
to
fishing,
tourism,
research
activities
by
nearby
countries,
with
natural
circulation
also
part
of
it.
The
Antarctic
Treaty
System
(ATS)
has
given
attention
initiated
on
are
tiny
plastic
particles
a
size
less
than
5
mm.
They
two
types:
1.
Primary
MPs,
which
been
manufactured
directly
various
applications
like
cosmetics
scrubbing,
etc.
2.
Secondary
generated
photochemical
degradation
large
plastics.
Although
several
done,
there
quite
gap
our
understanding
concentration,
characteristics,
impact
plastics
ecosystem
Region.
may
be
very
high.
presence
serious
issue
affecting
not
only
aquatic
environment
but
humans.
It
an
alarming
situation
causes
environmental
damage.
main
objective
paper
review
introduction,
occurrence
biotic
abiotic
components,
sources,
harmful
effects,
detection
methods/techniques.
This
highlights
methodologies
analyses
density
separation,
microscope
observation
MP’s
properties
Fourier-transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR),
Raman
spectrometer,
respectively,
urges
for
more
future,
giving
recommendations
maintain
pristine
near
Antarctica.
Highlights
Antarctica
land
separated
other
continents
Microplastics
(MPs)
ubiquitous
nature
<
mm
types
primary
secondary
carcinogenic
act
as
endocrine
disruptors
