Observations of reduced ET and persistent elevated water table beneath a riparian forest gap following emerald ash borer invasion and tree mortality

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Emerald ash borer (EAB) ( Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), an invasive, phloem‐feeding beetle native to Asia, has killed millions of Fraxinus spp.) trees in North America since it was detected southeast Michigan 2002. Consistently high mortality black nigra ) and green F. pennsylvanica which often occur riparian forests is a concern given their role regulating soil moisture shallow groundwater levels. We monitored compared hydrologic processes forest impacted by EAB invasion adjacent unimpacted site southwest Michigan. From 2018 2022, we recorded moisture, depth meteorological variables at 15‐min intervals throughout the growing season canopy gap following EAB‐caused adjacent, unaffected Augusta Creek zone. Groundwater contributions evapotranspiration (ET G were estimated using level fluctuation (WLF) method. Significant differences volumetric content (16%–26% higher than forest), average water (10 cm vs. 70 below land surface forest) mean daily ET (0.6 3.0 mm per day persisted across four seasons. Within gap, prolonged saturation near may be contributing shift from forested ecosystem herb sedge‐dominated wetland. These have implications for array zone services, extent already sustained much eastern America.

Language: Английский

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Effects of flood duration on seedling survival and growth of potential replacement species in black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marshall) forests threatened by emerald ash borer

Trees Forests and People, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100367 - 100367

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Within black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marshall) wetlands, acts as a foundational species, resulting in high vulnerability to the invasive emerald borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). One mitigation strategy being considered is planting of alternative tree species increase compositional diversity, however, there limited understanding how replacement tolerate flooding. A greenhouse experiment was used explore early survival and growth eighteen response five flooding durations (3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 weeks). Seedlings were assigned flood tolerance groups according their responses various duration treatments. Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich., Ulmus americana L., Betula L. able survive grow with up weeks. Thuja occidentalis Acer rubrum Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch, Quercus bicolor Willd., alleghaniensis Britton had rates 6 weeks length. Finally, Juglans saccharum Marshall responded poorly any duration. These results can assist managers matching potential hydrology local wetlands.

Language: Английский

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Pattern and structure of microtopography implies autogenic origins in forested wetlands

Hydrology and earth system sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 5069 - 5088

Published: Dec. 16, 2019

Abstract. Wetland microtopography is a visually striking feature, but also critically influences biogeochemical processes at both the scale of its observation (10−2–102 m2) and aggregate scales (102–104 m2). However, relatively little known about how wetland develops or factors influencing structure pattern. Growing research across different ecosystems suggests that reinforcing may be common between plants their environment, resulting in self-organized patch features, like hummocks. Here, we used landscape ecology metrics diagnostics to evaluate plausibility plant–environment feedback mechanisms maintenance microtopography. We terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) quantify sizing spatial distribution hummocks 10 black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marshall) wetlands northern Minnesota, USA. observed clear elevation bimodality our wettest sites, indicating microsite divergence into two states: elevated low hollows. coupled TLS dataset 3-year water level record soil-depth measurements, showed hummock height (mean = 0.31±0.06 m) variability largely predicted by mean depth (R2=0.8 site scale, R2=0.12–0.56 scale), with influence subsurface on surface Hummocks wetter sites exhibited regular patterning (i.e., spacing ca. 1.5 m, 25 %–30 % further apart than expected chance) contrast more random arrangements drier sites. Hummock size distributions (perimeters, areas, volumes) were lognormal, characteristic area approximately 1 m2 increase effective soil for redox gradients exchange interfaces up 32 %, dynamics through modulation specific yield 30 %. Taken together, data support hypothesis vegetation maintains response anaerobic stresses from saturated soils, potential microtopographic signature life.

Language: Английский

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Eighth-year survival and growth of planted replacement tree species in black ash (Fraxinus nigra) wetlands threatened by emerald ash borer in Minnesota, USA

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 484, P. 118958 - 118958

Published: Jan. 30, 2021

Language: Английский

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Potential impacts of emerald ash borer and adaptation strategies on wildlife communities in black ash wetlands

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: Feb. 9, 2022

Abstract Black ash wetlands cover approximately 1.2 million ha of wetland forest in the western Great Lakes region, providing critical habitat for wildlife. The future these is critically threatened by a variety factors, including emerald borer ( Agrilus planipennis ; [EAB]), which has been eliminating native populations otherwise healthy throughout region since it was discovered 2002. To quantify potential impacts tree mortality from EAB on wildlife communities, we measured seasonal bird, mammal, and amphibian diversity black using dual approach: (1) documenting bird species across 27 mature reference northern Minnesota, USA (2) assessing how communities respond to experimental manipulations forests that emulate management strategies related impact EAB. In total, 85 were recorded entire study 57 species, 5 23 mammal species. Results sites show hydrologic regime, percentage canopy cover, understory important characteristics communities. there may be short‐term increases richness associated with changes structure due mortality; however, anticipated resulting EAB‐caused mortality, particularly conversion non‐forested wetlands, will lead significant shifts community composition. Loss cause declines forest‐dependent open‐canopy wetland‐associated Additionally, whereas increased ponding extent longer hydroperiods beneficial some loss result an overall decrease reduce connectivity all Our results indicate large‐scale forest‐associated Management focus establishing alternative trees maintain long‐term structural complexity help conserve diversity.

Language: Английский

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Pyrolysis temperature has greater effects on carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry than biochar feedstock when applied to a sandy forest soil

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 534, P. 120881 - 120881

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Compounding the Disturbance: Family Forest Owner Reactions to Invasive Forest Insects

Ecological Economics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 106461 - 106461

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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Changes in demography and carrying capacity of green ash and black ash ten years after emerald ash borer invasion of two ash-dominant forests

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 494, P. 119335 - 119335

Published: May 12, 2021

Language: Английский

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Forest assisted migration and adaptation plantings in the Northeastern US: perspectives and applications from early adopters

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Oct. 8, 2024

Threats to the future function of forested ecosystems and stability ecosystem service provisioning due global change have motivated climate-adaptive forest management strategies that include various forms tree planting termed “adaptation plantings”. Despite emergence these strategies, less is known as how foresters other natural resource managers perceive or are engaged with adaptation plantings like assisted migration (FAM). This knowledge gap most pronounced in regions New England North Central US (hereafter, Northeastern US) where common but expected be an important tool for adaptation. To address this, we surveyed 33 this region actively climate (i.e., early adopters practice) assess currently being pursued against perceived barriers, opportunities, potential engagement strategy. Survey respondents overwhelmingly (93.5%) forecast increases use their work region, attributed increased awareness, acceptance, interest practice. Respondents expressed notable related diversification types FAM (e.g., population expansion range expansion), hesitancy engage more contentious afforestation linked long-distance translocation exotic species migration). Although examples local enrichment non-FAM) proliferate, nineteen top twenty genera planted contain at least one example study region. The barriers reported were themed 1) biotic abiotic, 2) information material, 3) policy, social, economic factors. While report difficulty obtaining adequate material from nurseries seedlings), over 80% placed orders shortly before (< 1 year) which likely generates sourcing seedlings suited a specific site environmental conditions. limited by focusing on subset who within valuable inferences into trends possible serving front lines Together, results suggest potentially growing need allocating resources stewards planning serve refine financing, practices support strategy beyond.

Language: Английский

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Ash Presence and Abundance Derived from Composite Landsat and Sentinel-2 Time Series and Lidar Surface Models in Minnesota, USA

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1341 - 1341

Published: April 23, 2020

Ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) are a prominent species in Minnesota forests, with an estimated 1.1 billion the state, totaling approximately 8% of all trees. threatened by invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), which typically results close to 100% tree mortality within one five years infestation. A detailed, wall-to-wall map presence is highly desirable for forest management and monitoring applications. We used Google Earth Engine compile Landsat time series analysis, provided unique information on phenologic patterns across landscape identify species. Topographic position derived from lidar was added improve spatial maps abundance. These input data were combined produce classification abundance forests that exist state Minnesota. Overall, 12,524 km2 forestland predicted have greater than 10% probability present. The overall accuracy composite presence/absence 64% 72% black ash, increased length series. Average height best model predictor basal area (R2 = 0.40), which, average, as 16.1 m2 ha−1. Information produced this will be useful natural resource managers planners developing strategies account distribution landscape. approach analysis easily transferable broadly scalable other regions health problems such insects.

Language: Английский

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