Biochemistry of Antioxidants: Mechanisms and Pharmaceutical Applications

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 3051 - 3051

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

Natural antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, meats, eggs fish protect cells the damage caused by free radicals. They are widely used to reduce food loss waste, minimizing lipid oxidation, as well for their effects on health through pharmaceutical preparations. In fact, use of natural is among main efforts made relieve pressure resources move towards more sustainable systems. Alternative waste management approaches include valorization by-products a source phenolic compounds functional formulations. this review, we will deal with chemistry antioxidants, including molecular structures reaction mechanisms. The biochemical aspects also be reviewed, acidity temperature partitioning in binary multiphasic poor bioavailability remains huge constraint clinical applications, briefly describe some delivery systems that provide enhanced pharmacological action via drug targeting increased bioavailability. activity can improved designing nanotechnology-based formulations, recent nanoformulations nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, liposomes/proliposomes, phytosomes solid all showing promising outcomes improving efficiency antioxidants. Finally, an overview effects, therapeutic properties future choice incorporated.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Natural Polyphenol Research

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(24), P. 8777 - 8777

Published: Dec. 11, 2022

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by plants, which contribute to the plant’s defense against abiotic stress conditions (e.g., UV radiation and precipitation), aggression of herbivores, plant pathogens. Epidemiological studies suggest that long-term consumption polyphenols protects cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases. Their structural diversity has fascinated confronted analytical chemists on how carry out unambiguous identification, exhaustive recovery from plants organic waste, define their nutritional biological potential. The food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical industries employ fruits vegetables produce additives, additional foods, supplements. In some cases, nanocarriers have been used protect during food processing, solve issues related low water solubility, transport them site action, improve bioavailability. This review summarizes structure-bioactivity relationships, processing parameters impact polyphenol stability bioavailability, research progress in nanocarrier delivery, most innovative methodologies for agri-waste materials.

Language: Английский

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Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts and Essential Oils

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(7), P. 3060 - 3060

Published: March 29, 2023

Plant extracts and essential oils have a wide variety of molecules with potential application in different fields such as medicine, the food industry, cosmetics. Furthermore, these plant derivatives are widely interested human animal health, including potent antitumor, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal activity. Given this diversity, methodologies were needed to optimize extraction, purification, characterization each class biomolecules. In addition, products can still be used synthesis nanomaterials reduce undesirable effects conventional routes based on hazardous/toxic chemical reagents associate properties those present oils. Vegetable chemically complex, although they already nanomaterials, limited studies examined which effectively acting stabilization nanostructures. Similarly, few investigated whether coating derived from would bring benefits or somehow their This synergistic effect presents promising field further explored. Thus, review article, we conducted comprehensive addressing main groups oils, extraction capacity, available for characterization. Moreover, highlighted metallic antimicrobial capacity. correlated extract’s role activity, considering synergy between product forms associated nanomaterials.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols: immunonutrients tipping the balance of immunometabolism in chronic diseases

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 15, 2024

Mounting evidence progressively appreciates the vital interplay between immunity and metabolism in a wide array of immunometabolic chronic disorders, both autoimmune non-autoimmune mediated. The immune system regulates functioning cellular within organs like brain, pancreas and/or adipose tissue by sensing adapting to fluctuations microenvironment’s nutrients, thereby reshaping metabolic pathways that greatly impact pro- or anti-inflammatory immunophenotype. While it is agreed relies on an adequate nutritional status function properly, we are only just starting understand how supply single combined all them termed immunonutrients, can steer cells towards less inflamed, tolerogenic Polyphenols, class secondary metabolites abundant Mediterranean foods, pharmacologically active natural products with outstanding immunomodulatory actions. Upon binding range receptors highly expressed (e.g. AhR, RAR, RLR), they act through mitochondria-centered multi-modal approach. First , polyphenols activate nutrient via stress-response pathways, essential for responses. Second regulate mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) balance well-tolerated caloric restriction mimetics. Third interfere assembly NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, inhibiting its activation while improving mitochondrial biogenesis autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Finally chromatin remodeling coordinates epigenetic reprogramming. This work moves beyond well-documented antioxidant properties polyphenols, offering new insights into multifaceted nature these compounds. It proposes mechanistical appraisal regulatory which modulate response, alleviating low-grade inflammation. Furthermore, draws parallels pharmacological interventions polyphenol-based immunonutrition their modes immunomodulation across spectrum socioeconomically impactful diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes (type 1 2) even Alzheimer’s disease. Lastly, discusses existing challenges thwart translation polyphenols-based immunonutritional long-term clinical studies. Overcoming limitations will undoubtedly pave way precision nutrition protocols provide personalized guidance tailored plans.

Language: Английский

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Investigation on wound healing effect of Mediterranean medicinal plants and some related phenolic compounds: A review

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 115663 - 115663

Published: Aug. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Anticancer Activities of Marine-Derived Phenolic Compounds and Their Derivatives

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 1449 - 1449

Published: Feb. 21, 2022

Since the middle of last century, marine organisms have been identified as producers chemically and biologically diverse secondary metabolites which exerted various biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifouling others. This review primarily focuses on phenolic compounds their derivatives with potent anticancer activity, isolated and/or modified in decade. Reports elucidation structures well biosynthetic studies total synthesis are also covered. Presented inhibited cancer cells proliferation or migration, at sub-micromolar nanomolar concentrations (lamellarins D (37), M (38), K (39), aspergiolide B (41), fradimycin (62), makulavamine J (66), mayamycin (69), N-acetyl-N-demethylmayamycin (70) norhierridin (75)). In addition, they exhibited properties by a mechanism induction apoptosis inhibition cell migration invasive potential. Finally, phlorotannins 1-7 bromophenols 12-29 represent most researched compounds, former recognized protective agents against UVB gamma radiation-induced skin damages. were assorted into six main classes: phlorotannins, bromophenols, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenophenolics, quinones hydroquinones. The that could not be attributed to any above-mentioned classes grouped separate class named miscellaneous compounds.

Language: Английский

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Bioaccessibility and bioactive potential of different phytochemical classes from nutraceuticals and functional foods

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: July 27, 2023

Nutraceuticals and functional foods are composed of especially complex matrices, with polyphenols, carotenoids, minerals, vitamins, among others, being the main classes phytochemicals involved in their bioactivities. Despite wide use, further investigations needed to certify proper release these into gastrointestinal medium, where bioaccessibility assay is one most frequently used method. The aim this review was gather describe different methods that can be assess nutraceuticals foods, along important factors impact process. link between simulated digestion testing vitro bioactivity also discussed, a special focus on potential developing from simple plant materials. bioactive certain susceptible variations during assessment, contributing variability, namely chemical composition nature matrix. Regardless high number studies, current methodology fails assume correlations bioactivity, findings indicate necessity for updated standardized protocols.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Polyphenols, Microbiome, and Multiple Sclerosis: From Molecular Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Mechanisms to Clinical Evidence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(8), P. 7247 - 7247

Published: April 14, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial, immune-mediated disease caused by complex gene-environment interactions. Dietary factors modulating the inflammatory status through control of metabolic and pathways composition commensal gut microbiota, are among main environmental involved in pathogenesis MS. There no etiological therapy for MS drugs currently used, often accompanied major side effects, represented immunomodulatory substances capable modifying course disease. For this reason, nowadays, more attention paid to alternative therapies with natural anti-inflammatory antioxidant as adjuvants classical therapies. Among beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols assuming an increasing interest due their powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective effects. Beneficial properties CNS achieved direct depending ability cross blood-brain barrier indirect exerted part via interaction microbiota. The aim review examine literature about molecular mechanism underlying protective experiments conducted vitro animal models Significant data have been accumulated resveratrol, curcumin, luteolin, quercetin, hydroxytyrosol, therefore we will focus results obtained these polyphenols. Clinical evidence use adjuvant restricted smaller number substances, mainly curcumin epigallocatechin gallate. In last review, clinical trial studying patients also be revised.

Language: Английский

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Plant-Derived Polyphenols to Prevent and Treat Oral Mucositis Induced by Chemo- and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers Management

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 260 - 260

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Oral Mucositis (OM) is the most common side effect due to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are conventional treatment options for head neck cancers. OM a severe inflammatory condition characterized by multifactorial etiopathogenesis. It further negatively affects patients' quality of life impairment normal oral functions. Consequently, it mandatory identify new effective therapeutic approaches both prevent treat while also avoiding any recurrence. Polyphenols recently attracted interest scientific community their low toxicity wide range biological activities making them ideal candidates several applications in odontostomatological field, particularly against OM. This review collects vivo studies clinical trials conducted over past 13 years evaluating preventive curative effects polyphenolic compounds towards chemo- radiotherapy-induced OM, when administered alone or as plant-extracted phytocomplex. The literature fully confirms usefulness these molecules, thus opening possibility application. However, polyphenol limitations (e.g., unfavourable physicochemical properties susceptibility degradation) have emerged. should be focused on developing innovative delivery systems able stabilize polyphenols, facilitating topical administration maximizing efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Formation and Application of Starch–Polyphenol Complexes: Influencing Factors and Rapid Screening Based on Chemometrics

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1557 - 1557

Published: May 16, 2024

Understanding the nuanced interplay between plant polyphenols and starch could have significant implications. For example, it lead to development of tailor-made starches for specific applications, from bakinag brewing pharmaceuticals bioplastics. In addition, this knowledge contribute formulation functional foods with lower glycemic indexes or improved nutrient delivery. Variations in complexes can be attributed differences molecular weight, structure, even content polyphenols. unique structural characteristics starches, such as amylose/amylopectin ratio crystalline density, also observed effects. Processing conditions methods will always alter formation complexes. As type starch/polyphenol a impact on complex, selection suitable botanical sources starch/polyphenols has become focus. Spectroscopy coupled chemometrics is convenient accurate method rapidly identifying starches/polyphenols screening desired source. these relationships crucial optimizing starch-based systems various food technology pharmaceutical formulations.

Language: Английский

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