Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Using DArTseq-Derived Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1906 - 1906

Published: July 19, 2023

Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of rice is crucial for breeding programs, conservation efforts, development sustainable agricultural practices. This study aimed to assess 94 (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes from Democratic Republic Congo using a set 8389 high-quality DArTseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) markers was 0.25. About 42.4% SNPs had PIC value between 0.25 0.5, which were moderately informative. ADMIXTURE program used analysis, revealed five sub-populations (K = 5), with admixtures. In principal component analysis (PCA), first three components accounted 36.3% total variation. Analysis molecular variance significant variation (36.09%) within (34.04%). low overall number migrants (Nm 0.23) high fixation index (Fst 0.52) indicated limited gene flow differentiation sub-populations. Observed heterozygosity (Ho 0.08) lower than expected (He 0.14) because inbreeding (Fis nature rice. A Euclidean distance (0.87) existence among genotypes. evaluated can be further explored obtain potentially desirable genes improvement.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing stress resilience in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through profiling early-stage morpho-physiological and molecular responses to multiple abiotic stress tolerance

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Under changing climatic conditions, crop plants are more adversely affected by a combination of various abiotic stresses than single stress. Therefore, it is essential to identify potential donors multiple for developing climate-resilient varieties. Hence, the present study was undertaken with 41 germplasm accessions comprising native landraces Tamil Nadu, Prerelease lines and cultivars were screened independently drought, salinity, submergence at seedling stage during Kharif Rabi 2022–2023. Stress imposed separately these three on 21-day-old seedlings maintained 10 days. The studied genotypes showed significant reduction in plant biomass (PB), Relative Growth Index (RGI), relative water content (RWC), leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, Chlorophyll Concentration (CCI) under drought followed salinity submergence. Stress-tolerant indices revealed variation biomass. Furthermore, set 30 SSR markers linked QTLs has been used characterize rice accessions. Our analysis suggests significantly high polymorphism, 28 polymorphic having 93.40% 76 loci. mean values information (PIC), heterozygosity index (HI), marker (MI), resolving power (RP) 0.369, 0.433, 1.140, 2.877, respectively. Jaccard clustering grouped all into two major six subclusters. According STRUCTURE analysis, clusters, which concurrent very broad genetic base ( K = 2). Statistically marker-trait associations observed five markers, viz. , RM211, RM212 (drought), RM10694 (salinity), RM219, RM21 (submergence). Similarly, shoot length RM551 ART5 Notably, Mattaikar, Varigarudan samba, Arupatham APD19002 identified as stress tolerance. Thus, identifying could be useful enhancing resilience rice.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Trends in Wheat (Triticum spp.) Breeding: Implications for the Future

Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 2 - 2

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Wheat (Triticum spp and, particularly, T. aestivum L.) is an essential cereal with increased human and animal nutritional demand. Therefore, there a need to enhance wheat yield genetic gain using modern breeding technologies alongside proven methods achieve the necessary increases in productivity. These will allow breeders develop improved cultivars more quickly efficiently. This review aims highlight emerging technological trends used worldwide breeding, focus on enhancing yield. The key for introducing variation (hybridization among species, synthetic wheat, hybridization; genetically modified wheat; transgenic gene-edited), inbreeding (double haploid (DH) speed (SB)), selection evaluation (marker-assisted (MAS), genomic (GS), machine learning (ML)) hybrid are discussed current opportunities development of future cultivars.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity of Cereal Crops and Utilization in Food and Nutritional Security

Sustainable development and biodiversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 31 - 61

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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A Review on Seed Storage Technology: Recent Trends and Advances in Sustainable Techniques for Global Food Security

AgroEnvironmental Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 34 - 50

Published: March 25, 2024

Seed storage innovation assumes an essential part in guaranteeing worldwide food security by safeguarding genetic variety and preserving seed feasibility over time. This review article gives a complete outline of ongoing patterns advances supportable stockpiling strategies. Starting with investigation the significance about challenges, audit digs into conventional storing strategies their obstacles. Additionally also provides comprehensive analysis maintainable methodologies like controlled air capacity, cryopreservation, preparing, featuring adequacy dragging out suitability while diminishing energy utilization natural effect. Moreover, discusses incorporation digital technologies, for example, artificial intelligence blockchain, management to enhance traceability convenience collections. Additionally, role community-based banks participatory plant breeding promoting resilience against climate change is explored. By discussing current research findings practical applications, this aims inform policymakers, researchers, practitioners diverse range sustainable solutions available safeguard global agricultural biodiversity ensure face evolving ecological challenges.

Language: Английский

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