The Effects of Cadmium Toxicity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 3782 - 3782

Published: May 26, 2020

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic non-essential transition metal that poses health risk for both humans and animals. It naturally occurring in the environment as pollutant derived from agricultural industrial sources. Exposure to cadmium primarily occurs through ingestion of contaminated food water and, significant extent, inhalation cigarette smoking. accumulates plants animals with long half-life about 25–30 years. Epidemiological data suggest occupational environmental exposure may be related various types cancer, including breast, lung, prostate, nasopharynx, pancreas, kidney cancers. has been also demonstrated factor osteoporosis. The liver kidneys are extremely sensitive cadmium’s effects. This due ability these tissues synthesize metallothioneins (MT), which Cd-inducible proteins protect cell by tightly binding ions. oxidative stress induced this xenobiotic one mechanisms responsible several diseases. Mitochondria damage highly plausible given organelles play crucial role formation ROS (reactive oxygen species) known among key intracellular targets cadmium. When mitochondria become dysfunctional after Cd, they produce less energy (ATP) more ROS. Recent studies show induces epigenetic changes mammalian cells, vivo vitro, causing pathogenic risks development epigenetics present themselves chemical modifications DNA histones alter chromatin without changing sequence nucleotide. methyltransferase, histone acetyltransferase, deacetylase micro RNA involved changes. Recently, investigations capability sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) remove polluted soil have carried out. Moreover, nanoparticles TiO2 Al2O3 used efficiently wastewater soil. Finally, microbial fermentation studied promising method removing food. review provides an update on effects Cd human health, focusing cellular molecular alterations involved.

Language: Английский

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Impact of heavy metals on the environment and human health: Novel therapeutic insights to counter the toxicity

Journal of King Saud University - Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 101865 - 101865

Published: Jan. 29, 2022

Heavy metals are well-known environmental pollutants owing to their toxicity, longevity in the atmosphere, and ability accumulate human body via bioaccumulation. The pollution of terrestrial aquatic ecosystems with toxic heavy is a major concern that has consequences for public health. Most occur naturally, but few derived from anthropogenic sources. characterized by high atomic mass toxicity living organisms. cause atmospheric pollution, may be lethal humans. can become strongly mixing different elements, such as water, soil, air, humans other organisms exposed them through food chain. Plenty experimental studies were performed appraise promising treatment options natural products. Additionally, nanotechnology based being constantly developed. As an emerging field, making substantial advances analysis removal complicated matrices. Removal metal been accomplished use variety nanomaterials, including graphene its derivatives, magnetic nanoparticles, oxide carbon nanotubes, name few. Using water resources provides many benefits over traditional methods. These advantages include broad linear range, low detection quantification limits, sensitivity, selectivity. Therefore this review aimed explore metals, health, well novel therapeutics development resources. nanotechnological nanomedicinal applications treat also highlighted review.

Language: Английский

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Bio-waste valorisation: Agricultural wastes as biosorbents for removal of (in)organic pollutants in wastewater treatment

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100239 - 100239

Published: Dec. 31, 2021

The conventional waste management practices dispose or incinerate agricultural and forestry waste, contributing to the environmental pollution while misusing biomass, a valuable resource with great potential of reuse. In fact, cultivation crops harvesting generate an abundant amount (e.g., stones, shells, straw) that can be used for wastewater treatment. Waste biomass may as: (i) adsorbent in its original, raw form, following ambient drying grinding; (ii) modified bio-based sorbents; (iii) source material synthesis activated carbon adsorbents through carbonization. Despite numerous publications this field examining removal wide range target pollutants (metals, metalloids, dyes, pesticides, as well emerging contaminants) by several materials, more realistic studies are still required evaluate remove residual compounds complex matrices, testing natural i.e., samples without spiking compounds. This perspective paper highlights how integrated-engineering approach help solving environmental-pollution issues related water, solid air pollution. Chiefly, application locally produced bio-waste treatment tackles water contamination, decreases overall reduces gas emissions caused transportation, and/or disposal.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Recent Advances in Their Removal: A Review

Toxics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 580 - 580

Published: July 3, 2023

Natural and anthropogenic sources of metals in the ecosystem are perpetually increasing; consequently, heavy metal (HM) accumulation has become a major environmental concern. Human exposure to HMs increased dramatically due industrial activities 20th century. Mercury, arsenic lead, chrome, cadmium have been most prevalent that caused human toxicity. Poisonings can be acute or chronic following via water, air, food. The bioaccumulation these results variety toxic effects on various tissues organs. Comparing mechanisms action reveals induce toxicity similar pathways, including production reactive oxygen species, inactivation enzymes, oxidative stress. conventional techniques employed for elimination deemed inadequate when HM concentration is less than 100 mg/L. In addition, methods exhibit certain limitations, secondary pollutants, high demand energy chemicals, reduced cost-effectiveness. As result, employment microbial bioremediation purpose detoxification emerged as viable solution, given microorganisms, fungi bacteria, superior biosorption bio-accumulation capabilities. This review deals with uptake associated HMs, will increase our knowledge their body organs, leading better management poisoning. aims enhance comprehension offer judicious selection remediation technology HMs. Microbial-based solutions sustainable could potentially crucial cost-effective reducing

Language: Английский

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Calcite in combination with olive pulp biochar reduces Ni mobility in soil and its distribution in chili plant

International Journal of Phytoremediation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 166 - 176

Published: May 30, 2021

The presence of Ni above the permissible limit in agriculture soils poses negative effects on soil health, crop quality, and productivity. Surprisingly, usage various organic inorganic amendments can reduce mobility its distribution crops. A pot experiment was conducted to elucidate olive pulp biochar (BR), calcite (CAL), wheat straw (WS), as sole their mixtures 50:50 ratio, added polluted soil, immobilization index (Ni - IMi), enzymatic activities, parts chili plant, translocation factor bioaccumulation fruit, plant growth parameters oxidative stress encountered by plants. Outcomes this revealed that raised pH, improved values IMi, while significantly reduced bioavailable fraction post-harvest soil. However, highest activities acid phosphatase, urease, catalase, dehydrogenase 50, 70, 239, 111%, respectively, improvement IMi up 60% reduction observed BR + CAL treatment, compared control noted. Among all amendments, top most concentrations shoots, roots, Translocation Factor (TF), Bioaccumulation (BAF) fruit 72%, 36%, 86%, control. Moreover, plants growing amended contaminated showed topmost phonological least stress. Such findings refer prospective at ratio than BR, CAL, WS alone, well for reducing improving parts. Novelty statementIn experiment, it hypothesized amending with alone combinations ratios bioavailability these may improve, index, phenological traits. Therefore, aimed undertake useful scientific planning research, restore rehabilitate dwellings, biological resources minimize sufferings peoples nutrient-poor soils, health

Language: Английский

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Biosurfactant is a powerful tool for the bioremediation of heavy metals from contaminated soils

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 418, P. 126253 - 126253

Published: June 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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Impact of landfill leachate contamination on surface and groundwater of Bangladesh: a systematic review and possible public health risks assessment

Applied Water Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(6)

Published: May 29, 2021

Abstract Dumping of solid waste in the non-engineered landfill is very common developing countries. Among different disadvantages this kind landfilling, leachate major concern to public health, which a toxic byproduct generated from landfill; and can percolate ground water consequently migrate surface water. Using systematic review on published data, present study endeavors compare contamination potential four landfills Bangladesh, named Amin Bazar, Matuail, Mogla Bazar Rowfabad; are situated 3 6 big mega cities Bangladesh assessed effects leakage surrounding body as well human health. This study, for first time calculated pollution index (LPI) sites found that LPI Matuail site (19.81) much higher comparable some polluted India Malaysia. The concentrations several potentially metals vicinity were above maximum permissible limit values department Environment, World Health Organization (WHO). health risk heavy vegetables rice grain showed high Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn. total carcinogenic Ni Pb edible plants near those sites, suggesting induced carcinogenesis by consumption plants. conditions surface, agriculture products frightening biota local inhabitants.

Language: Английский

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Heavy Metal Contamination of Natural Foods Is a Serious Health Issue: A Review

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 161 - 161

Published: Dec. 24, 2021

Heavy metals play an important role in the homeostasis of living cells. However, these elements induce several adverse environmental effects and toxicities, therefore seriously affect cells organisms. In recent years, some heavy metal pollutants have been reported to cause harmful on crop quality, thus both food security human health. For example, chromium, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury were detected natural foods. Evidence suggests that are contaminants Consequently, this review highlights risks contamination soil crops, their impact The data retrieved from different databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Google scholar, Directory Open Access Journals. Results show vegetable fruit crops grown polluted accumulate higher levels than unpolluted soil. Moreover, water, air, can reduce benefits eating fruits vegetables. A healthy diet requires a rational consumption Physical, chemical, biological processes developed concentration bioavailability aggregation ecosystem. mechanisms by which exhibit action health not well elucidated. addition, positive negative very established, suggesting need for further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Biological Activity of Selenium and Its Impact on Human Health

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2633 - 2633

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring metalloid element essential to human and animal health in trace amounts but it harmful excess. Se plays substantial role the functioning of organism. It incorporated into selenoproteins, thus supporting antioxidant defense systems. Selenoproteins participate metabolism thyroid hormones, control reproductive functions exert neuroprotective effects. Among elements, has one narrowest ranges between dietary deficiency toxic levels. Its level toxicity may depend on chemical form, as inorganic organic species have distinct biological properties. Over last decades, optimization population intake for prevention diseases related or excess been recognized pressing issue modern healthcare worldwide. Low selenium status associated with an increased risk mortality, poor immune function, cognitive decline, dysfunction. On other hand, concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels shown adverse effects broad spectrum neurological increase type-2 diabetes. Comprehension biochemical pathways under normal physiological conditions therefore important elucidate effect diseases. This review gives overview highlighting body. The activity Se, mainly performed through epigenetic discussed. Moreover, brief phytoremediation rhizofiltration approaches reported.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review on the sources, essentiality and toxicological profile of nickel

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 9139 - 9153

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This review contains up-to-date knowledge and recent advancements on the essentiality, sources, toxicological profile of nickel its different compounds. Nickel is a recognized essential element for several important biological processes like healthy growth plants, animals, soil/water microbes; though an excess amount intoxicates flora fauna. found to affect photosynthetic function higher plants; it can severely degrade soil fertility causes many chronic diseases in humans. Due huge industry consumption nickel-containing products, environmental pollution has become inevitable by also varieties by-products through all phases making, utilization dumping. We have focused importance agenda 2030 (UN 17 SDGs) during preparation write-up highlighted goals 3, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 elaborately discussing associated points. The plausible molecular mechanism toxicity presented simple diagrams. article elaborates possible methods remediation treatment dermatitis cancer. Recent understanding dual aspects as beneficial carcinogen are key subject this article.

Language: Английский

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