Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and Thyroid Function in Childhood Obesity: A Vicious Circle? DOI Creative Commons
Valeria Calcaterra, Irene Degrassi,

Silvia Taranto

et al.

Children, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 244 - 244

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a multisystem disorder characterized by the presence of degeneration associated with excess adiposity or prediabetes/type 2 diabetes metabolic dysregulation. An intricate relationship between and thyroid has been reported in both health disease. Simultaneously, there strong correlation obesity MAFLD dysfunction. In this narrative review, we highlighted function children adolescents order to explore how hormones (THs) act as predisposing factors onset, progression, sustainability MAFLD. THs are integral balance activities, ensuring energy homeostasis, indispensable for growth development. Regarding have suggested interact lipid homeostasis through series processes, including stimulating entry free acids into esterification triglycerides increasing mitochondrial β-oxidation impact hepatic accumulation. The literature supports obesity, THs; however, results pediatric population very limited. Even though underlying pathogenic mechanism involved remains not fully elucidated, role could be postulated. A potential vicious circle among these three conditions cannot excluded. Identifying novel elements that may contribute offer practical approach assessing at risk developing condition.

Language: Английский

When Should the Treatment of Obesity in Thyroid Disease Begin? DOI Creative Commons

Edyta Sutkowska,

Michał Kisiel, Agnieszka Zubkiewicz‐Kucharska

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 157 - 157

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Obesity often coexists with thyroid diseases, and the prevalence of these disorders has been on rise for years. While hypothyroidism can contribute to excess fat tissue, relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) function hormones is bidirectional. Research confirms that tissue reduction positively impact function. Thus, delaying initiation therapies beyond substitution treatment achieve optimal weight in individuals dysfunction seems unwarranted. The authors summarize current knowledge this topic article.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulation of metabolic homeostasis: An old dog teaches us new tricks DOI Creative Commons
Elizabeth Rendina-Ruedy, Clifford J. Rosen

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 101480 - 101480

Published: March 22, 2022

Late in the nineteenth century, it was theorized that a circulating product produced by parathyroid glands could negatively impact skeletal homeostasis. A century later, intermittent administration of protein, namely hormone (PTH), approved FDA and EMA as first anabolic agent to treat osteoporosis. Yet, several unanswered but important questions remain about actions PTH. Current research efforts have focused on improving efficacy PTH treatment designing structural analogs identifying other targets (e.g., or calcium sensing receptor). unique only recently described aspect action is its regulation cellular bioenergetics metabolism, bone adipose tissue also tissues. The current review aims provide brief background PTH's previously highlights how regulates osteoblast bioenergetics, contributing greater formation. It will shed light alter metabolic homeostasis through cells tissues, thereby impacting skeleton cell non-autonomous manner. enhances formation targeting transcriptional changes pathways; most prominent via adenyl cyclase PKA. related PTHrP, induce glycolysis fatty acid oxidation drive lipolysis thermogenic programming adipocytes; latter may indirectly positively influence metabolism. While much work remains, alterations metabolism novel mechanism temporal actions. Thus, bioenergetic can be considered another myriad effects skeleton. Just importantly from translational perspective, non-skeletal lead better understanding whole-body along with new improved therapies musculoskeletal conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids and their impact on the host thyroid function and diseases DOI Creative Commons
María José Mendoza-León, Ashutosh K. Mangalam, Alejandro Regaldiz

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 30, 2023

Thyroid disorders are clinically characterized by alterations of L-3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodothyronine (T 4 ), L-3,5,3’-triiodothyronine 3 and/or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the blood. The most frequent thyroid hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroxinemia. These conditions affect cell differentiation, function, metabolism. It has been reported that 40% world’s population suffers from some type disorder several factors increase susceptibility to these diseases. Among them iodine intake, environmental contamination, smoking, certain drugs, genetic factors. Recently, intestinal microbiota, composed more than trillions microbes, emerged as a critical player human health, dysbiosis linked microbiota can host physiology producing metabolites derived dietary fiber, such short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have local actions intestine central nervous system immune system. Modulation SCFAs-producing bacteria also connected metabolic diseases, obesity diabetes. In this review, we discuss how production due patients could be related disorders. studies reviewed here may significant interest endocrinology researchers medical practitioners.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Subclinical hypothyroidism increases insulin resistance in normoglycemic people DOI Creative Commons

Wanyu Yang,

Chenye Jin,

Haoyu Wang

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 6, 2023

To investigate the effect of simple subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with SCH on insulin resistance.A total 622 people newly diagnosed T2DM were selected as study subjects, 621 normoglycemic control subjects. According to diagnostic criteria thyroid diseases, subjects divided into a normal function group group. Both groups received physical examination, blood samples collected. The measurement indexes included FPG, FINS, OGTT2hPG, OGTT2hINS, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, TSH, FT3 FT4. HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, TFQI (thyroid feedback quantile index) calculated.There was no significant difference in age or sex distribution between (P>0.05). prevalence dysfunction significantly higher than that (16.39% vs. 11.27%, P<0.05), among different types dysfunction, highest at 14.95% (P<0.05). There BMI, waist-hip ratio, lipid profile, HOMA-IR values (T2DM+SCH+ group) (T2DM+SCH- ratio (T2DM-SCH+ those (T2DM-SCH- (P<0.05), there differences T2DM+SCH- T2DM+SCH+ HOMA-β T2DM-SCH+ T2DM-SCH-, As value increased, body weight, diastolic pressure, OGTT2hPG HbA1c gradually increased OGTT2hINS decreased (P<0.05).Subclinical only increases resistance people. sensitivity central decreases, risk developing increases.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Risk Factors for Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis DOI Creative Commons
J. Osinga, Yindi Liu, Tuija Männistö

et al.

Thyroid, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 646 - 658

Published: March 28, 2024

International guidelines recommend targeted screening to identify gestational thyroid dysfunction. However, currently used risk factors have questionable discriminative ability. We quantified the for function test abnormalities a subset of in international guidelines.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Neuro-Vulnerability in Energy Metabolism Regulation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review DOI Open Access
Vicente Javier Clemente‐Suárez, Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco, Laura Redondo-Flórez

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(14), P. 3106 - 3106

Published: July 11, 2023

This comprehensive narrative review explores the concept of neuro-vulnerability in energy metabolism regulation and its implications for metabolic disorders. The highlights complex interactions among neural, hormonal, pathways involved metabolism. key topics discussed include role organs, hormones, neural circuits maintaining balance. investigates association between disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, eating considering genetic, epigenetic, environmental factors that influence subsequent dysregulation. Neuroendocrine food intake expenditure are examined, with a focus on impact appetite dysregulation altered expenditure. neuroinflammation health is discussed, emphasizing bidirectional relationship neuroinflammatory processes. also evaluates use neuroimaging techniques studying their potential applications clinical settings. Furthermore, well contribution to examined. Potential therapeutic interventions targeting neuro-vulnerability, including pharmacological treatments lifestyle modifications, reviewed. In conclusion, understanding crucial addressing provides valuable insights into underlying neurobiological mechanisms health. Targeting holds promise developing innovative strategies prevention treatment ultimately improving outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Selenium in Bodily Homeostasis: Hypothalamus, Hormones, and Highways of Communication DOI Open Access
Pamela Toh,

Jessica Nicholson,

Alyssa M. Vetter

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 15445 - 15445

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

The ability of the body to maintain homeostasis requires constant communication between brain and peripheral tissues. Different organs produce signals, often in form hormones, which are detected by hypothalamus. In response, hypothalamus alters its regulation bodily processes, is achieved through own pathways hormonal communication. generation transmission molecules involved these bi-directional axes can be affected redox balance. essential trace element selenium known influence numerous physiological including energy homeostasis, various functions. Selenium must obtained diet used synthesize selenoproteins, a family proteins with mainly antioxidant Alterations status have been correlated homeostatic disturbances humans studies animal models selenoprotein dysfunction indicate strong on relationship metabolism complicated, however, as has shown participate multiple levels This review discusses role that for maintaining homeostasis.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with major depressive disorder with anxiety: Mediating role of thyroid hormones and metabolic parameters DOI
Guoshuai Luo, Yaxi Li, Cong Yao

et al.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 335, P. 298 - 304

Published: May 17, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

12
The impacts of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis and insights into therapeutic purinergic modulation DOI
Geórgia de Carvalho Braga, Júlia Leão Batista Simões,

Yara Juarez Teixeira dos Santos

et al.

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 112357 - 112357

Published: May 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Triiodothyronine (T3) promotes browning of white adipose through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway DOI Creative Commons

Linghong Huang,

Zhifeng Guo,

M.-J. Huang

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Obesity arises from an imbalance between energy consumption and expenditure, thyroid hormone levels serve as a determinant of expenditure. We conducted experiments at the animal cellular combined those findings with clinical data to elucidate role triiodothyronine (T3) in facilitating browning white adipose tissue (WAT) its underlying mechanism. The results showed (i) impaired metabolic function local WAT compensatory elevation systemic thermogenesis obesity; (ii) T3 treatment adipocytes vitro vivo induced shift towards morphologically "brown" phenotype, accompanied by upregulation mRNA protein expression browning-related mitochondrial markers, which suggest that intervention promotes WAT; (iii) aforementioned processes could be modulated through inhibition PI3K/AKT signalling pathway; however, whether affects pathway affecting insulin remains studied clarified. our study indicate these offer novel perspectives regarding potential localised therapies for addressing volume individuals obesity.

Language: Английский

Citations

4