Evaluating various composite sampling modes for detecting pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 virus in raw sewage

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Inadequate sampling approaches to wastewater analyses can introduce biases, leading inaccurate results such as false negatives and significant over- or underestimation of average daily viral concentrations, due the sporadic nature input. To address this challenge, we conducted a field trial within University Tennessee residence halls, employing different composite modes that encompassed time intervals (1 h, 2 4 6 24 h) across various windows (morning, afternoon, evening, late-night). Our primary objective was identify optimal approach for generating representative samples SARS-CoV-2 from raw wastewater. Utilizing reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, quantified levels RNA pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) in sewage. findings consistently demonstrated PMMoV RNA, an indicator human fecal contamination water environment, exhibited higher abundance lower variability compared pathogenic RNA. Significantly, both greater 1 h individual throughout entire period, contrasting with stability observed other time-based samples. Through comprehensive analysis using Quade Nonparametric ANCOVA test date, concentration site covariates, concluded sampler during focused morning window is pragmatic cost-effective strategy achieving single day wastewater-based epidemiology applications. This method has potential significantly enhance accuracy reliability data collected at community level, thereby contributing more informed public health decision-making pandemic.

Language: Английский

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The fate of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in coastal New England wastewater treatment plants

Frontiers in Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: April 20, 2023

Municipal sewage carries SARS-CoV-2 viruses shed in the human stool by infected individuals to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It is well-established that increasing prevalence of COVID-19 a community increases viral load its WWTPs. Despite fact facilities serve critical role protecting downstream and environmental health through removal or inactivation virus, little known about fate virus along train. To assess efficacy differing WWTP size processes RNA we quantified two nucleocapsid (N) biomarkers (N1 N2) both liquid solids phases for multiple train locations from seven coastal New England were commonly detected influent, primary treated, sludge samples (returned activated sludge, waste digested sludge), not after secondary clarification disinfection. Solid fractions had 470 3,700-fold higher concentrations than fractions, suggesting considerably affinity solid phase. Our findings indicate variety designs are efficient at achieving high SARS CoV-2 effluent; however, quantifiable was various points facility. This study supports important municipal reducing discharge fragments environment highlights need better understand this solids.

Language: Английский

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Implementing an adaptive, two-tiered SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance program on a university campus using passive sampling

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 912, P. 168998 - 168998

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Food and Environmental Virology: Use of Passive Sampling to Characterize the Presence of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses in Wastewater

Food and Environmental Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 25 - 37

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Fecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2 leads to a renaissance wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as additional tool follow epidemiological trends in the catchment treatment plants. As alternative most commonly used composite samples surveillance programs, passive sampling is increasingly studied. However, many sorbent materials different reports hamper comparison results and standardization approach necessary. Here, we compared cost-effective sorption (cheesecloths, gauze swabs, electronegative filters, glass wool, tampons) torpedo-style housings with samples. Despite remarkable variability concentration SARS-CoV-2-specific gene copies, analysis parallel-deposited samplers sewer demonstrated highest rate positive number copies by using cheesecloths. Using this material, monitoring wastewater three small catchments City Dresden resulted 50% (98%). During investigation period, incidence reported cases ranged between 16 170 per 100,000 persons showed no correlation measured concentrations E wastewater. In contrast, constantly higher numbers vs. were found for human adenovirus crAssphage indicating strong differences efficacy methods concerning species investigated. Influenza virus A B sporadically detected allowing results. The study contributes further understanding possibilities limits approaches WBE.

Language: Английский

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Filling the Knowledge Gap Regarding Microbial Occupational Exposure Assessment in Waste Water Treatment Plants: A Scoping Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1144 - 1144

Published: June 4, 2024

Background: Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are crucial in the scope of European Commission circular economy implementation. However, bioaerosol production may be a hazard for occupational and public health. A scoping review regarding microbial contamination exposure assessment WWTPs was performed. Methods: This study performed through PRISMA methodology PubMed, Scopus Web Science. Results: 28 papers were selected data extraction. The WWTPs’ most common sampled sites aeration tank (42.86%), sludge dewatering basin (21.43%) grit chamber. Air sampling is preferred technique culture-based methods frequently employed assays. Staphylococcus sp. (21.43%), Bacillus (7.14%), Clostridium (3.57%), Escherichia (7.14%) Legionella (3.57%) isolated bacteria Aspergillus (17.86%), Cladosporium (10.71%) Alternaria dominated fungal presence. Conclusions: allowed identification following needs: (a) protocol from field (sampling campaign) to lab (assays employ); (b) standardized contextual information retrieved allowing proper risk control management; (c) selection suitable targets serve as indicators harmful exposure. Filling these gaps with further studies will help provide robust science policy makers stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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A Narrative Review of High Throughput Wastewater Sample Processing for Infectious Disease Surveillance: Challenges, Progress, and Future Opportunities

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 1432 - 1432

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance played a crucial role in evaluating infection rates, analyzing variants, and identifying hot spots community. This expanded possibilities for using wastewater to monitor prevalence of infectious diseases. The full potential WBE remains hindered by several factors, such as lack information on survival pathogens sewage, heterogenicity matrices, inconsistent sampling practices, standard test methods, variable sensitivity analytical techniques. In this study, we review aforementioned challenges, cost implications, process automation, prospects full-fledged community health screening. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted relevant keywords, peer reviewed articles pertinent our research focus were selected with aim serving reference related monitoring early epidemic detection.

Language: Английский

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Suspended Solids and Optimal RNase Inhibitors Impact the Partitioning and Decay of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing COVID-19, can be monitored in wastewater due to its presence human fecal matter. While surveillance programs for COVID-19 have already been implemented many countries, fundamental questions remain regarding distribution and decay of both SARS-CoV-2 common indicator pepper mild mottle (PMMoV). In this study, samples at 4 °C, first-order rate constant (k) a spiked (HCoV 229E) was greater mixtures with low TSS concentrations (0.373 ± 0.021 day–1) than those high (0.204 0.014 day–1), which consistent measurements extended activity RNases. Increasing concentration nontargeted targeted RNase inhibitors revealed that loss viral signal from extraction is mainly RNA-degrading enzymes. A reanalysis Quebec City, Canada, 10× β-mercaptoethanol, inhibitor, achieved an increase PMMoV concentrations. This investigation further optimization avenues improving detection limit enhancing efficiency programs, particularly times prevalence.

Language: Английский

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High abundance of high-risk Human Papillomavirus genotypes in wastewater in Uruguay

Journal of Water and Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 1748 - 1754

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequency Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in wastewater Salto city, Uruguay, order obtain a general overview circulating their population. HPV detected 34% (32/93) samples collected and analyzed during 2020/21 Uruguay. Thirty-three were observed, which 16 presented read abundance higher than 1%, including both high-risk (HR) low-risk (LR) genotypes. HR 31, 16, 58, 52, 33 59 representing 40% (163,220 reads) total abundance, with 31 (64,365), (39,337) 58 (36,332) being most abundant. LR 72, 6, 11 40 also high frequency, accounting for 37% (148,359) reads. This highlights HPV, population city is burden public health mainly due devastating impact cervical cancer women.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance at two university campuses: lessons learned and insights on intervention strategies for public health guidance

Journal of Water and Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 811 - 824

Published: May 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Wastewater surveillance has been a tool for public health officials throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Universities established pandemic response committees to facilitate safe learning students, faculty, and staff. These met analyze both wastewater clinical data propose mitigation strategies limit spread of COVID-19. This paper reviews initial efforts utilizing campus inclusive SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations, case from university teams, Grand Valley State University in West Michigan (population 21,648 students) Oakland East 18,552 November 2020 April 2022. positivity rates universities ranged 32.8 46.8%. Peak viral signals directly corresponded variant points entry within populations 2021 It was found that organization variability testing were large barriers effectively understand disease dynamics population. We review onboarding provide direction structuring ongoing workflows future epidemic based on those led reduced wastewater.

Language: Английский

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Detection of Omicron variant in November 2021: a retrospective analysis through wastewater in Halifax, Canada

Environmental Science Water Research & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study evaluates the efficacy of wastewater surveillance and passive sampling techniques for early detection SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a university setting Halifax, Canada.

Language: Английский

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