The Role of the Plant Antioxidant System in Drought Tolerance

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 94 - 94

Published: April 8, 2019

Water deficiency compromises plant performance and yield in many habitats agriculture. In addition to survival of the acute drought stress period which depends on plant-genotype-specific characteristics, intensity duration, also speed efficiency recovery determine performance. Drought-induced deregulation metabolism enhances generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (RNS) turn affect redox regulatory state cell. Strong correlative analytical evidence assigns a major role tolerance antioxidant system. This review compiles current knowledge response function superoxide, hydrogen peroxide nitric oxide under various regimes. The meta-analysis reported changes transcript protein amounts, activities components network support tentative conclusion that is more tightly linked up-regulated ascorbate-dependent activity than thiol-redox network. significance system surviving severe phases dehydration further supported by strong usually encountered resurrection plants.

Language: Английский

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A Review on Potential Plant-Based Water Stress Indicators for Vegetable Crops

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 3945 - 3945

Published: May 12, 2020

Area under vegetable cultivation is expanding in arid and semi-arid regions of the world to meet nutritional requirements an ever-growing population. However, water scarcity these areas limiting productivity. New water-conserving irrigation management practices are being implemented areas. Under practices, crops frequently exposed some extent stress. Vegetables highly sensitive For successful implementation new crops, it immense importance determine threshold deficit level which will not have a detrimental effect on plant growth yield. Along with this, response adaptation mechanisms need be understood for practices. To understand stress indicators that responsive stress; can help early detection identified crops. Plant-based quite effective determining plants because they take into account cumulative due declining soil moisture status increased evaporative demand atmosphere while plant. Water quantification using plant-based approaches involves direct measurements several aspects indirect processes deficit. In this article, number were critically reviewed (1) their efficacy stress, (2) potential predict yield crop as affected by different water-deficit levels (3) suitability scheduling

Language: Английский

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Sorghum in dryland: morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of sorghum under drought stress

Planta, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 255(1)

Published: Dec. 11, 2021

Abstract Main conclusion Droughts negatively affect sorghum’s productivity and nutritional quality. Across its diversity centers, however, there exist resilient genotypes that function differently under drought stress at various levels, including molecular physiological. Sorghum is an economically important a staple food crop for over half billion people in developing countries, mostly arid semi-arid regions where major limiting factor. Although sorghum generally considered tolerant, still significantly hampers quality across cultivation areas. Hence, understanding both the effects of plant response indispensable improving tolerance crop. This review aimed enhancing our provide more insights on as contribution to development climate cultivars. We summarized findings growth osmotic potential impedes germination process embryonic structures, photosynthetic rates, imbalance source-sink relations turn seed filling often manifested form substantial reduction grain yield Mechanisms drought-stress involving morphological, physiological, alterations are presented. highlighted current about genetic basis sorghum, which maximizing utilization germplasm improved Furthermore, we discussed interactions with other abiotic stresses biotic factors, may increase vulnerability or enhance stress. Based research reviewed this article, it appears possible develop locally adapted cultivars tolerant nutrient rich using modern breeding techniques.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic Insights of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Mediated Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants for Sustainable Agriculture

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 3741 - 3741

Published: March 29, 2022

Climate change has devastating effects on plant growth and yield. During ontogenesis, plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses, including drought salinity, affecting the crop loss (20–50%) making them vulnerable in terms survival. These stresses lead excessive production reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage nucleic acid, proteins, lipids. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have remarkable capabilities combating salinity stress improving growth, which enhances productivity contributes food security. PGPB inoculation under promotes through several modes actions, such as phytohormones, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, exopolysaccharide, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, extracellular polymeric substances, volatile organic compounds, modulate antioxidants defense machinery, abscisic thereby preventing oxidative stress. also provide osmotic balance; maintain ion homeostasis; induce salt-responsive genes, metabolic reprogramming, transcriptional changes transporter etc. Therefore, this review, we summarize mitigate its detrimental effects. Furthermore, discuss mechanistic insights towards tolerance for sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Current Scenario and Future Prospects of Endophytic Microbes: Promising Candidates for Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management for Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability

Microbial Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 86(3), P. 1455 - 1486

Published: March 14, 2023

Abstract Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi inhabit ubiquitously within the tissues of all plant species without causing any harm or disease. Endophytes form symbiotic relationships with diverse can regulate numerous host functions, including resistance abiotic biotic stresses, growth development, stimulating immune systems. Moreover, endophytes play a dominant role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, bioremediation, are widely used many industries. have stronger predisposition for enhancing mineral metal solubility by cells through secretion organic acids low molecular weight metal-specific ligands (such siderophores) that alter soil pH boost binding activity. Finally, synthesize various bioactive compounds high competence promising candidates new drugs, antibiotics, medicines. Bioprospecting novel secondary metabolites has given momentum sustainable agriculture combating stresses. Biotechnological interventions aid played pivotal crop improvement mitigate stress conditions like drought, salinity, xenobiotic compounds, heavy metals. Identification putative genes from conferring tolerance diseases, apart those involved accumulation degradation contaminants, could open avenues development. Furthermore, detailed biochemical understanding endophyte entry colonization strategy would better help manipulating productivity under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, present review highlights current trends based on SCOPUS database, potential biotechnological microorganisms stresses influencing productivity, future opportunities improving tolerance, their contribution remediation hazardous contaminants. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Multi-Omics Pipeline and Omics-Integration Approach to Decipher Plant’s Abiotic Stress Tolerance Responses

Genes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1281 - 1281

Published: June 16, 2023

The present day's ongoing global warming and climate change adversely affect plants through imposing environmental (abiotic) stresses disease pressure. major abiotic factors such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, etc., hamper a plant's innate growth development, resulting in reduced yield quality, with the possibility of undesired traits. In 21st century, advent high-throughput sequencing tools, state-of-the-art biotechnological techniques bioinformatic analyzing pipelines led to easy characterization plant traits for stress response tolerance mechanisms by applying 'omics' toolbox. Panomics pipeline including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, proteogenomics, interactomics, ionomics, phenomics, have become very handy nowadays. This is important produce climate-smart future crops proper understanding molecular responses genes, transcripts, proteins, epigenome, cellular metabolic circuits resultant phenotype. Instead mono-omics, two or more (hence 'multi-omics') integrated-omics approaches can decipher well. Multi-omics-characterized be used potent genetic resources incorporate into breeding program. For practical utility crop improvement, multi-omics particular combined genome-assisted (GAB) being pyramided improved yield, food quality associated agronomic open new era omics-assisted breeding. Thus, together are able processes, biomarkers, targets engineering, regulatory networks precision agriculture solutions crop's variable ensure security under changing circumstances.

Language: Английский

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Sweet Potato as a Key Crop for Food Security under the Conditions of Global Climate Change: A Review

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 2516 - 2516

Published: June 30, 2023

Sweet potato is one of the most economically important crops for addressing global food security and climate change issues, especially under conditions extensive agriculture, such as those found in developing countries. However, osmotic stress negatively impacts agronomic economic productivity sweet cultivation by inducing several morphological, physiological, biochemical changes. Plants employ many signaling pathways to respond water modifying their growth patterns, activating antioxidants, accumulating suitable solutes chaperones, making proteins. These metabolic, genetic modifications can be employed best indicators choosing drought-tolerant genotypes. The main objective breeding regions world, affected drought, obtain varieties that combine drought tolerance with high yields. In this regard, study physiological features certain implementation resistance measures. Adapted genotypes selected improved particular growing using tools tolerance-related selection criteria. By regulating genetics way, creation drought-resistant may become cost-effective smallholder farmers. This review focuses on mechanisms potato, effects its productivity, crop management strategies mitigation, traditional molecular methods tolerance, use biotechnological increase drought.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptome Analysis of Drought-Resistant and Drought-Sensitive Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Genotypes in Response to PEG-Induced Drought Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 772 - 772

Published: Jan. 24, 2020

Drought is a major limiting factor of crop yields. In response to drought, plants reprogram their gene expression, which ultimately regulates multitude biochemical and physiological processes. The timing this reprogramming the nature drought-regulated genes in different genotypes are thought confer differential tolerance drought stress. Sorghum highly drought-tolerant has been increasingly used as model cereal identify that tolerance. Also, there considerable natural variation resistance sorghum genotypes. Here, we evaluated four polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced stress at seedling stage performed transcriptome analysis seedlings either drought-resistant or drought-sensitive changes expression unique sorghum. Our revealed about 180 differentially regulated only most these (over 70%) up-regulated drought. Among these, 70 novel with no known function remaining transcription factors, signaling stress-related proteins implicated other crops. This study set genes, including many encoding uncharacterized associated stage.

Language: Английский

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Exogenous abscisic acid and jasmonic acid restrain polyethylene glycol‐induced drought by improving the growth and antioxidative enzyme activities in pearl millet

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 172(2), P. 809 - 819

Published: Oct. 23, 2020

Abstract Drought stress is one of the most immense and permanent constraints in agriculture, which leads to a massive loss crop productivity. However, little known about mitigation role exogenously applied abscisic acid (ABA) jasmonic (JA) pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.) under PEG‐induced drought stress. Therefore, current study investigated putative exogenous ABA JA improving tolerance millet. Thirteen‐day‐old seedlings were exposed six different treatments as follow; control (ck), PEG‐600 (20%), (100 μM), PEG+JA, PEG+ABA, data collected at 7 14 days after treatment (DAT). Results showed that PEG decreased plant growth while oxidative damage increased due over production H 2 O MDA content result activities antioxidative enzymes including APX, CAT, SOD leaves. positively enhanced profile by chlorophyll relative water treatment. A significant improvement was observed defense system resulting from PEG. Overall, performance found better than stress, future investigations are needed explore potential effects these phytohormones on long‐term management productivity

Language: Английский

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Piriformospora indica symbiosis improves water stress tolerance of rice through regulating stomata behavior and ROS scavenging systems

Plant Signaling & Behavior, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 1722447 - 1722447

Published: Feb. 1, 2020

Global water shortage seriously threatens rice growth especially in irrigated production areas. Association of plants with beneficial soil microbes is one strategy for plant adaption to environmental stresses. In this study, (Oryza sativa L.) were colonized by the root-colonizing endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica (P. indica). We demonstrate that grain yield higher P. indica-colonized compared uncolonized grown soil. Moreover, effect on improving stress tolerance and its physiological mechanism investigated a hydroponic culture system. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was applied solution conduct condition. Water stress-induced leaf wilting impairments photosynthetic efficiency diminished plants. Furthermore, colonization promotes stomata closure increases surface temperature under stress. The malondialdehyde level (as an indicator oxidative stress) lower reduced oxidized glutathione ratio PEG-exposed activities antioxidant enzymes catalase reductase up-regulated inoculated seedlings conclusion, performance

Language: Английский

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